How to prevent heatstroke in hot weather?

Meteorologists suggest preventing heatstroke.

Meteorologists from the Central Meteorological Observatory suggested that the occurrence of heatstroke is caused by comprehensive factors, which are generally divided into two situations. One is high temperature and high radiation, also known as dry heat. Strong sunlight and high temperature lead to a lot of water loss in human body. If you don't replenish water in time, you are very prone to heatstroke.

The other is high temperature and humidity, which is a common hot and humid day in summer. Human body can't sweat normally, skin blood flow and cardiac output increase greatly, and the incidence of heart failure and heart disease mortality will also increase.

Meteorologists say that prevention is the key to avoid heatstroke. In terms of diet, we must first pay attention to supplementing water. In summer, the human body volatilizes a lot of water, so you can't wait for thirst before drinking water. At this time, the body is already in a state of water shortage. In addition, some trace elements in the body will be taken away with the evaporation of water, so drink some salt water properly.

In terms of food, it is necessary to supplement enough protein, such as fish, meat, eggs, milk and beans; In addition, you should eat more fresh fruits and vegetables that can prevent heatstroke, such as tomatoes, watermelons, bitter melons, peaches, ebony and cucumbers. As for cold drinks, in fact, the colder you eat, the easier it is to get heatstroke. Because the short-term reduction of local temperature of human body will make the human body unable to adapt at once, the digestive system will be affected, and then the normal operation of each system will be affected.

When going out, you should do a good job of sun protection, wear sunglasses, sun hat or umbrella, and wear cotton or silk fabrics with good permeability. It is best to wear a long-sleeved shirt, or use a shawl and a sun hat when riding for a long time in the hot sun. When you do outdoor sports for a long time, you should prepare heatstroke prevention drugs, such as Huoxiang Zhengqi Water, Ten Drops of Water and Ren Dan. When the sun is strongest from noon to 2 pm, try not to stay outdoors, and take a lunch break if possible. Don't adjust the air conditioning temperature too low, because the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is too large, which can also lead to heatstroke.

How should the public respond to the symptoms of heatstroke? Experts say that if there are symptoms such as dizziness, nausea and palpitation, it is probably heatstroke. At this point, you should immediately stop what you are doing and find a cool place to sit down and rest; At the same time, replenish water and drink slowly in small sips to avoid increasing the burden on the heart. Unbutton a collar button, tie, belt, etc. Keep your body ventilated and apply or take summer medicine; After a period of rest, if the symptoms do not decrease but increase, you should seek medical advice in time.

In addition, once someone around has symptoms of heatstroke, he should immediately move the patient to a cool place and keep the surrounding ventilation; Untie your clothes and help your body dissipate heat in various ways; Help to take summer medicine, and press Renzhong, Hukou and other acupoints to help restore consciousness. If the symptoms are not relieved, you should call the police for help immediately.

Labor intensity should be reduced during high temperature.

In view of the hottest period of the year, the labor and social security department reminds that when there is high temperature weather, the employer should adjust the work and rest system appropriately according to the production characteristics and specific conditions, increase rest, reduce labor intensity and ensure safe production.

A person from Tianjin Human Resources and Social Security Bureau said that research shows that if the temperature exceeds a certain range, the incidence of work-related injuries will increase in an environment that is too cold or too hot. According to the requirements of relevant national notices, the employer shall formulate the emergency rescue plan for high-temperature heatstroke in combination with the actual research of the unit. For employees suffering from diseases that are not suitable for high temperature and high humidity environment, the employer shall temporarily transfer them from their posts in high temperature and high humidity environment. If they cannot be transferred temporarily, they shall strengthen the heatstroke prevention and cooling protection measures in high temperature and high humidity weather.

According to labor and social security experts, according to the relevant laws and regulations in China, heatstroke at work at high temperature is a work-related injury. Front-line workers work in a high temperature environment, and once heatstroke occurs, employees or on-site personnel should immediately report to the employer; The employing unit shall report to the local labor and social security department within 24 hours and apply for work-related injury identification. After heatstroke workers are identified as work-related injuries, they can enjoy work-related injury treatment in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. The medical expenses of employees who have participated in industrial injury insurance shall be paid by the industrial injury insurance fund. If the employer fails to participate in work-related injury insurance, the medical expenses shall be borne by the enterprise. If the enterprise refuses to pay, the laborer may complain to the labor security supervision department.

It is understood that during the treatment of work-related injuries such as heatstroke, employees are deemed to have provided normal labor, and employers must pay wages and corresponding subsidies.

Labor and social security experts stressed that in the case of high temperature weather, employers should especially strengthen the protection of female employees, and should not arrange pregnant female employees to work in the open air in high temperature weather above 35℃ or in workplaces above 33℃.