Hunan education edition seventh grade geography volume one world climate unit examination paper

Ten years' cold window has now been broken, which has opened a bright future. I wish the seventh grade geography exam good results and look forward to success! I sorted out the climate unit test paper about the world in the seventh grade geography book of Hunan Education Press, hoping to help everyone!

Hunan Education Edition Grade Seven Geography Volume One Climate Unit Test Questions and Answers 1. Multiple-choice questions (2 points for each small question, ***40 points)

1. The following statement describes the climate ()

A. last night, the wind and rain suddenly dispersed, and the flowers fell all over the ground and flew away.

B: Like the strong wind in spring, it blows at night and blows away the petals of ten thousand pear trees.

C: But now I remember that night, that storm, and I wonder how many flowers were broken.

D. one mountain has four seasons, and ten miles are different.

This topic mainly examines students' understanding of the basic concepts of weather and climate. Weather is a specific state of the near-surface atmosphere in a short time, and it is a concrete manifestation of the climate in a certain period of time; Climate is the average weather condition of a place for many years, which is relatively stable and has little change. Pay attention to the main differences between weather and climate when analyzing. ? Four seasons in one mountain, ten miles in different days? It is an objective fact that has remained unchanged for many years.

In March 20 13, rare hail occurred in some areas of Zhuzhou. Answer questions 2 and 3 according to the relevant knowledge.

2. In the city weather forecast chart, hail is ().

3. When hail weather happens, the following statement is true ()

A. Go outdoors to save crops immediately.

B. Go out with an umbrella to watch the hail

C. Run to the open place quickly

D. hide in the house

Analysis of 2 choices A, 3 choices D This research group investigates the interpretation and application of weather symbols. Question 2: A means hail, B means cloudy, C means rainstorm and D means thunderstorm. Question 3: When hail happens, it is best to stay indoors.

4. The following figure shows the air quality forecast chart of 2003165438+1October 65438 nationwide 19. Regarding the comparison of air quality in these cities, the correct one is ().

A. Urumqi has the best air quality.

B.the air quality in Shijiazhuang is better than that in Chengdu.

C.the air quality in Wuhan is the worst.

D Lanzhou's air quality is heavily polluted, which is not suitable for outdoor sports.

Analyze and choose D. This question examines the relationship between air quality and pollution index. The greater the air pollution index, the worse the air quality. Urumqi's air quality index reached 385, which is a serious pollution, and the air quality situation is the worst in 10 city. The pollution indexes of Shijiazhuang and Chengdu are 287 and 200 respectively, so the air quality of the former is worse than that of the latter. The air pollution index in Wuhan is 188, which is mild pollution. 10 city has the best air quality. Lanzhou's pollution index is 340, and the air quality is heavily polluted, which is not suitable for outdoor sports.

There are lightning casualties in Guangdong province from time to time. If lightning strikes in the wild, the following behavior is correct ()

A. swimming and boating in the river. Run by bike.

C. hide in the low recess and squat down. D. hide under the big tree

C. this question examines how to deal with sudden weather. When lightning strikes in the field, hiding in a low shelter immediately can reduce the danger; Taking options A, B and D can only increase the risk of being struck by lightning.

6.2065438+65438+20041At the beginning of October, there was a heavy snowstorm in Inner Mongolia, which caused the grassland to be buried and many livestock died of hunger and cold. This shows that ()

A. There is a close relationship between precipitation and traffic.

B. precipitation is closely related to agriculture.

C. Precipitation is closely related to industry

D. Precipitation is closely related to health.

Analysis and choice B. This topic mainly examines the relationship between precipitation and production and life. Heavy snow buried the grassland, and livestock died of lack of feed or freezing, indicating that precipitation affected agriculture.

Weather and climate are closely related to human beings and are often talked about. Do you know anything about weather and climate? I believe you can finish 7 ~ 9 questions.

7. The climate types of the east and west coasts of Eurasia in temperate regions are () respectively.

A. temperate monsoon climate, temperate maritime climate

B. temperate maritime climate and temperate monsoon climate

C. temperate continental climate and temperate maritime climate

D. temperate monsoon climate, temperate continental climate

8. About the isotherm diagram, the correct one is ().

A. The figure reflects the temperature distribution in the northern hemisphere in July.

B this picture reflects the temperature distribution in the northern hemisphere in June+10/October, 5438.

C. The figure reflects the temperature distribution in the southern hemisphere in summer.

D. The figure reflects the temperature distribution in the southern hemisphere in winter.

9. The following statement about temperature distribution is true ()

A. The temperature is low at low latitudes and high at high latitudes.

B at the same latitude, the temperature on land is higher than that in the ocean.

C. the temperature in mountainous areas decreases with the elevation.

D the coastal temperature at the same latitude is lower than that in the inland.

Analyzing 7 choices A, 8 choices A and 9 choices C, our research group comprehensively investigated the distribution of climate types, the interpretation of isotherms, the distribution of temperature and other knowledge points. Question 7: The east coast of temperate Eurasia has a temperate monsoon climate, while the west coast has a temperate maritime climate. Question 8: From the land isotherm of 65438+ 10 to the south, the figure reflects July; According to the temperature drop of northward isotherm, the map is in the northern hemisphere. Question 9: Due to the influence of latitude, land, ocean and topography, the temperature is high in low latitude and low in high latitude; Sea and land temperatures are affected by seasons, and land temperatures are high in summer. The ocean temperature is high in winter; The mountains are high in altitude and low in temperature.

10. The following four places have the most precipitation ().

A.① B.② C.③ D.④

C. this question examines the distribution of precipitation. In the figure; ① Located on the east coast of the mainland, near the Tropic of Cancer; ② Located in the northern inland of the African continent; ④ Located in temperate zone; And compared with the three places; ① There is more precipitation. ③ Located in the equatorial region of South America, the precipitation is most abundant under the influence of equatorial depression.

Xiaoming from Beijing traveled to Mount Tai, the head of the Five Mountains, in the summer vacation, and answered the questions 1 1 and 12 accordingly.

1 1. Xiaoming saw four clocks in the lobby of a hotel in Taishan Scenic Area. The reason why the time in four cities is different at the same time is ().

A. the earth keeps spinning around its axis.

B.the earth goes around the sun all the time.

C. Tai 'an City has a low latitude.

D. the hotel clock is broken

12. The temperature difference between Yuhuangding on Mount Tai (about1.524m above sea level) and the hotel at the foot of the mountain (200m above sea level) is about.

( )

A.4.5℃ B.6℃ C.8℃ D. 12℃

Analysis 1 1 Choose A, A, 12 Choose C. Combining with real life, our research group investigates the phenomenon caused by the earth's rotation and the influence of topography on climate. Due to the rotation of the earth, the longitude of the world is different at different times; According to the altitude 100 m, the temperature drops by about 0.6℃, which can be calculated as (1524-200)/100 * 0.6? 8℃。

Pursuing practice and speaking with facts are excellent qualities that middle school students should have. The picture below is a sketch drawn by Xiaoming, a junior high school student in a city, who measured the length of the shadow of the campus flagpole from half to noon last Sunday. Look at the picture and answer the questions 13 and 14.

13. Xiaoming measured the shadow length of the flagpole from the middle of the year to noon on Sunday, and found that the shadow length of the flagpole was changing, which proved the change of the sun at noon in a year. He explained () with facts.

A. there is a phenomenon of day and night on the earth. B.there is an alternation of day and night on the earth.

C.d. the revolution of the earth

14. In the 12③ picture drawn by Xiao Ming, the one representing the summer solstice is ().

A. Figure1B. Figure 2 C. Figure 3 D. Unable to determine

Analysis 13 chooses D and D, 14 chooses B. Our research group investigates the influence of earth movement on climate. The revolution of the earth causes the direct point of the sun to move back and forth between the tropic of cancer on the surface of the earth, which makes the shadow length of a geographical thing different at different times. During the summer solstice, the shadow of geographical things in the area north of the Tropic of Cancer is the shortest time in a year.

15. Mount Kilimanjaro (pictured below) in Africa is located near the equator, but the top of the mountain is covered with snow all year round, and its main influencing factor is ().

A. Latitude position B. Topography

C.d. climatic factors

Analysis and choice B. This question examines the factors that affect the temperature distribution. Affected by topographical factors, the temperature gradually decreases with the elevation, so Mount Kilimanjaro in Africa is located near the equator, but the top of it is covered with snow all year round.

Read a map of the area and complete the questions 16 and 17.

16. By analyzing the geographical elements of A and B at the same latitude on both sides of the continent in this region, the conclusion is correct.

( )

The annual average temperature of A.A is higher than that of B.

The average annual precipitation in B.A. is less than that in B.

The vegetation coverage of C.A. is better than that of B.

The annual total solar radiation of D.A. is larger than that of B.

17. What can basically reflect the climate type in A is ().

Analysis 16 chooses C and C, 17 chooses B. Our research group mainly investigates the influence of topography on climate and the characteristics of climate types. Question 16. As can be seen from the figure, land A is located on the windward slope of the Andes with more precipitation, and land B is located on the leeward slope of the Andes with less precipitation, so the vegetation coverage of land A is better than that of land B, and the problem 17 is located at latitude A.

40? The west coast of the mainland south of S shows a temperate maritime climate, and Figure B is the most suitable.

18. Due to the accelerated melting of Arctic ice, polar bears are often trapped on ice floes. A reasonable statement about this phenomenon is ().

A. large-scale melting of ice surface leads to global warming.

B. polar bears with adequate food gain weight quickly.

C the extensive use of coal, oil and other energy sources should be controlled.

D.？ Earth Hour? Activities have nothing to do with this.

Analysis and choice C. This topic examines the causes of global warming and the knowledge of countermeasures. The man-made cause of global warming is mainly due to the extensive use of energy such as coal and oil, which leads to the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the rise of temperature. An important measure to deal with global warming is to reduce the use of energy such as coal and oil.

19. World climate distribution map? The climate type distributed on all continents except Antarctica is ().

A.b. Mediterranean climate

C. temperate monsoon climate

Analysis and choice B. This topic investigates the distribution of the world climate. The Mediterranean climate is distributed on all continents except Antarctica. The tropical rain forest climate is mainly distributed near the equator; The temperate monsoon climate is only distributed in the eastern part of temperate Asia; The temperate continental climate is mainly distributed in the temperate regions of Eurasia and North America.

20. The picture below shows the climate data map of a place in Europe. Beibei and Lingling plan to travel there in the summer vacation and enjoy the sunshine, the sea and the beach. The following statement is credible ()

Their destination may be London.

B.they prepared down jackets for this trip.

C. The tourist season is the flood season of rivers in this area.

D. They will see small leaves and many surfaces there. Wax layer? tree

Analysis and selection D. This topic examines the reading of climate data and analyzes climate characteristics and representative vegetation according to climate data. According to the temperature curve and precipitation histogram, it can be judged that the climate in different periods of rain and heat in this area is Mediterranean, and London is a typical temperate maritime climate. Enjoy the sunshine, the sea and the beach, and choose the summer with high temperature and little rain. There is no need to bring down jackets. In this season, the river is in the dry season, and the typical vegetation in this climate zone is evergreen broad-leaved forest with a waxy layer on its surface.

Second, the comprehensive questions (***60 points)

2 1. materials in the winter of 20 12, the cold wave that swept across the Eurasian continent caused the temperature in most parts of Asia to hit a record low, forming? Extreme cold weather? , leading to the interruption of aviation, railway and highway transportation and the shortage of electricity and gas supply. In the same period, our Changchun dropped to the lowest temperature in 30 years. Answer questions (1) and (2) according to the materials and related knowledge. (14)

(1) What problems have extreme cold weather brought to people's production and life? (10)

(2) The direct cause of highway transportation interruption is mainly caused by cold wave. (4 points) ()

A. Energy shortage B. Blizzard and freezing weather

C. windy weather D. rainstorm and flood

Analyze this topic and investigate the influence of weather changes on people's lives with materials. Question (1), combined with the materials and knowledge learned, we can draw a conclusion that the emergence of extremely cold weather has brought people's production and life problems, such as the interruption of aviation, railway and highway transportation, and the shortage of electricity and gas supply. Problem (2), the cold wave in winter is likely to cause snowstorms and freezing weather, thus interrupting road transportation.

Answer: (1) caused the interruption of aviation, railway and highway transportation, and the supply of electricity and gas was tight.

(2)B

22. reading? Global annual average temperature distribution map? Global annual average precipitation distribution map? , answer the following questions. (16)

(1) Read Figure A: In areas where the annual average temperature is above 20℃, the latitudes are mostly located in _ _ _ _ _.

Between (2 points)

(2) Read Figure B: The area with the richest annual precipitation is near the latitude line. Both a and b are close (latitude), and the precipitation is A B (comparative size). (3 points)

(3) Look at Figure B: In C, D and E, there is less precipitation. Briefly explain the distribution characteristics of precipitation in this area: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

__________________________________。 (5 points)

(4) See Figure A: The most basic law of the annual average temperature distribution in the world is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

. (3 points)

(5) Read Figure A: The hottest continent is Europe, and the isotherm in the southern hemisphere is relatively flat because of the southern hemisphere.

_ _______________________ 。 (3 points)

Analyze this topic to investigate the distribution law and causes of world temperature and precipitation. Question (1): In areas where the annual average temperature is above 20℃, the latitude is mostly between the Tropic of Cancer and the south. Question (2): The region with the richest annual precipitation is the equatorial region. Both A and B are near the Tropic of Cancer, and the precipitation of A is greater than that of B. Question (3): Compared with C, D and E, C and E have more precipitation, while D has less precipitation, and the mid-latitude area is affected by the land and sea location, with more precipitation in coastal areas and less precipitation in inland areas. Question (4), the most basic law of the annual average temperature distribution in the world is that the temperature gradually decreases from low latitude to high latitude. Question (5): The hottest continent is mainly located in tropical Africa. The southern hemisphere has a large ocean area, less land and a relatively straight isotherm.

Answer: (1) Tropic of Cancer.

(2) Tropic of Cancer >

(3) In mid-latitude areas, there is more precipitation in coastal areas and less precipitation in inland areas.

(4) The temperature gradually decreases from low latitude to high latitude.

(5) The ocean is vast (the answer is reasonable)

23. reading? Outline map of parts of Asia and Europe? Answer the question. (16)

(1) According to the analysis of the climate data map of the three places, the variation law of the temperature annual range in the same latitude zone of Eurasia is from small to large and then decreases, and the variation law of annual precipitation is as follows. The main factors affecting the above climate differences are. (4 points)

(2) Compared with B and C, the climate in A region is remarkable, and the climate in A region is characterized by uniform precipitation throughout the year. (5 points)

(3) Compared with areas A and B, the obvious advantage of climate in area C is that the planting boundary of warm crops in this area is much higher than that in other parts of the world. But the climate and precipitation change greatly, and it is easy to produce _ _ _

Or wait for a meteorological disaster. (4 points)

(4) The following factors have no influence on the formation of climate in A: (3 points) ()

The outline of continent A is broken, the coastline is long and tortuous, and all places are not far from the sea.

B. The warm and humid westerly winds from the Atlantic Ocean prevail all year round.

C.there is a warm north Atlantic current along the coast.

D. The population density is high, the urban population accounts for a large proportion, and there are many waste heat emissions.

Analyze this topic and investigate the climate distribution and characteristics in some parts of the world. Question (1): According to the climate data of the three places in the picture, in the same latitude zone of Eurasia, the annual precipitation is from more to less and then to more. The reason is that A and C are located in mid-latitude coastal areas with more precipitation, and B is located in mid-latitude inland areas with less precipitation. Land and sea factors are the main factors that cause precipitation difference. Question (2): Compared with B and C, the climate in A is obviously maritime, and A belongs to temperate maritime climate, which is characterized by no severe cold in winter, no intense heat in summer and even precipitation within one year. Question (3): Compared with A and B, the obvious advantage of climate in C area is that it is rainy and hot at the same time, which is beneficial to the growth of crops. It belongs to temperate monsoon climate, with large precipitation variability, and is prone to meteorological disasters such as floods or droughts. Question (4): A is the most extensive and typical temperate maritime climate area in the world, with dense population, large proportion of urban population and large waste heat emission, which is not directly related to its formation.

Answer: (1) From more to less to more land and sea factors.

(2) There is no severe cold in winter and no intense heat in summer.

(3) Flood and drought in the same period of rain and heat.

⑷D

24. The following figure shows the latitude 30 of Eurasia. ~60? Look at the picture and answer the following questions. (14)

(1) The winter climate in A and B is cold, and the annual temperature is low. (4 points)

(2) In areas B and C, it rains in winter and is dry in summer. (4 points)

(3) The climate type at D is _ _ _ _ _. (3 points)

(4) Figure B shows the temperature curves and precipitation histograms of three different climate types, and matches their serial numbers with the climate type letters shown in Figure A: (3 points)

① ,② ,③ 。

Analyze this problem, combined with Eurasia with latitude 30? ~60? The distribution and characteristics of climate types in the world were investigated. Question (1), from 30? ~60? According to the analysis of climate type distribution map, A, B, C and D are temperate monsoon climate, temperate maritime climate, Mediterranean climate and temperate continental climate respectively. Compared with A and B, temperate monsoon climate is cold and dry in winter, warm and rainy in summer, and temperate maritime climate is mild and humid all year round. So it's cold in winter, and it's cold in the whole year. Question (2), the Mediterranean climate is characterized by: hot and dry summer; Winter is mild and rainy. Of the two places, B is always wet, and C is dry in winter and summer. Question (3), the temperate continental climate in Area D is characterized by high temperature in summer, cold in winter and scarce precipitation throughout the year. Question (4): By analyzing the temperature curve and precipitation histogram in Figure B, it can be seen that ① is a Mediterranean climate, ② is a temperate maritime climate, and ③ is a temperate monsoon climate.

Answer: (1)A B (2)B C

(3) The temperate continental climate is hot in summer and cold in winter, and the annual precipitation is scarce.