Information about winter jasmine

Jasminum nudiflorum, also known as golden plum, golden belt, Qingming flower, golden waist and small yellow flower, is a deciduous shrub of Oleaceae. It is named after its earliest flowering among all flowers, and it is called "four friends in the snow" together with plum blossom, narcissus and camellia, and it is one of the precious flowers in China. Winter jasmine is not only dignified and beautiful in color and extraordinary in temperament, but also has the characteristics of not being afraid of cold and cold, not choosing local conditions and strong adaptability, and has always been loved by people. Chinese alias

golden belt, string of gold, Yunnan Yingchun, Ye Yingchun, evergreen vine shrub and Yingchun willow

Morphological characteristics

Deciduous shrub, with slender branches and arched drooping growth, can reach more than 2m in length. The lateral branches are strong, quadrangular and green. The trifoliate compound leaves are opposite, 2-3 cm long, and the leaflets are oval, smooth and entire. Flowers are solitary in the axils of leaves, and the corolla is goblet-shaped, bright yellow, 6-lobed at the top, or compound. The flowering period lasts from March to May and lasts for 5 days.

ecological habits

like light, slightly tolerant to shade, slightly cold, afraid of waterlogging, and can overwinter in the open air in North China and Yanling, requiring a warm and humid climate, loose and fertile sandy soil with good drainage, which grows vigorously in acid soil and poorly in alkaline soil. Strong root germination. The landing part of the branch is easy to take root.

propagation method

cutting is often used. One-year-old branches are selected, cut into 15cm long, watered in the whole seedbed, and then can be cut. It can also be dry-cut, that is, cut in the whole seedbed and then irrigated with water. Cutting can be carried out from mid-October to mid-November or in spring. After rooting, it can be planted separately, or it can be propagated by dividing plants or layering.

Cultivation and modeling

Spring jasmine forms flower buds on one-year-old branches, and blooms from late winter to spring in the following year. Therefore, all flower branches should be cut short after flower withering every year, so as to promote the growth of more lateral branches, increase the amount of flowers, and strengthen the management of fertilizer and water. Jasminum nudiflorum

Cultivation of Gao Qian Spring Festival

Water wax seedlings with DBH of more than 2cm can be selected for abdominal grafting at lm or a certain height when budding in early spring. Take the branches of the current year's winter jasmine as scions with the length of 8-1 cm, and carry out grafting. Then tie it tightly with a film, cover it with a plastic bag, tear the bag gradually after surviving branches, let it breathe freely and exercise seedlings, and pick the heart to promote lateral branches and cultivate the crown shape.

Suitable range

It is native to the subtropical areas in South China and Southwest China of China, and it is widely cultivated in South China, which can be grown in North China, Anhui and Henan, and cultivated in Yanling County. Jasminum nudiflorum

garden use

The branches of the spring jasmine droop, and the flowers bloom first and then the leaves in late winter to early spring, with golden color and green leaves. It should be arranged on the lakeside, stream bank, bridge head, wall corner or lawn, forest edge and slope in the garden. It can also be planted around the house for flower viewing in early spring. Flowers, leaves and twigs can be used as medicine.

Distribution of origin

Originated in northern China, mainly distributed in North China, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong and other provinces. Winter jasmine is cold-tolerant, sunny, drought-tolerant but not waterlogging-tolerant. Propagation is mainly based on branching, layering and cutting. It is often used to decorate flower beds and decorate courtyards. It is an important flower and plant in early spring. It is often cultivated in various places for viewing; It is also distributed in the central and northern provinces of China. Jasminum nudiflorum

leaves of Jasminum nudiflorum are used as medicine to reduce swelling and detoxify, and treat swelling, pain, malignant sores and traumatic injuries; Flowers can relieve fever and diuresis, and treat fever, headache and urinary heat and pain. Both leaves and roots contain syringin and jasminoidin. Propagation by cutting or layering.

edit what diseases and pests are there in this paragraph

symptoms of jasmine mosaic

: plant-wide disease caused by cucumber mosaic virus CMV. The symptoms are small and deformed leaves with dark green markings or yellowing. The infected plants do not bloom, or they do, and the flowers are short, deformed and mottled (see figure). The transmission route is mainly transmitted by peach aphid and cotton aphid. The main source of infection is the infected plants of weeds around. Prevention and control methods: First of all, weeds should be removed in time to reduce the source of infection. Secondly, aphids should be prevented as soon as possible to eliminate the vectors. [1]

Brown spot of winter jasmine

Symptoms: It mostly occurs in the spring of four seasons. It is caused by Alternaria sp. of the subfamily Hemiptera. There are brown spots on the leaves of infected plants. The route of infection is that conidia spread by wind and rain. Prevention and treatment: Spraying 7% chlorothalonil wettable powder 1 times solution and other fungicides at the initial stage of the disease. [2]

Botrytis cinerea

Symptoms: It is one of the common diseases of winter jasmine, which occurs all over the country. After the plant became sick, the whole plant turned yellow and died. The disease mainly infects leaves, tender stems, floral organs and other parts. It mostly occurs at the tip and edge of the blade. At the beginning of the disease, the leaves appear water-soaked spots, which gradually expand, turn brown and rot. In the later stage, a gray-yellow mold layer was formed on the surface of the lesion. After the stem is infected, the lesion is brown and gradually decays. After being infected, the floral organs also turn brown and rot and fall off. Under humid conditions, gray mold layer appears in the affected area, which is a major feature of the disease. The disease overwinters with sclerotia in diseased residues and soil. It is easy to get sick when the temperature is about 2℃ and the air humidity is high. Spread through wind and rain, tools and irrigation water. In the greenhouse, the disease is the most serious in late winter and early spring. Prevention and control methods: the planting density should be reasonable. Pay attention to ventilation and reduce air humidity. Remove diseased leaves and plants in time to reduce the source of infection. Spraying 5% Sukeling or 5% chlorphenamine wettable powder for 15 times at the initial stage of onset. It is best to apply it alternately with 5 times solution of 65% metronidazole wettable powder to prevent drug resistance. [3]

Spot disease of winter jasmine < P > Symptom: It mainly harms plant leaves. The disease spread from the lower part of the plant to the upper part. The lesion is usually 3 to 4 mm in diameter and brown. In severe cases, the diseased leaves die, resulting in deciduous leaves. The disease is caused by Stylosanthes Primula. The pathogen overwinters with mycelium or conidia on the diseased remains, and the seeds can also carry bacteria, which becomes the primary source of infection in the next year. The disease mainly depends on conidia spreading with air and rain. Re-infection is frequent in the growing season. Usually, plants are prone to disease in warm and humid weather and when nitrogen fertilizer is applied. Generally, the disease begins in July and is prevalent from August to October. Control methods: breeding disease-resistant varieties, strengthening fertilizer and water management, increasing application of organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and avoiding partial application of nitrogen fertilizer. Spraying 7% thiophanate methyl 1 times solution plus 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 1 times solution or 1∶1∶1 Bordeaux solution at the initial stage of the disease. [4]

Bacterial leaf spot of Jasminum nudiflorum < P > Symptoms: It mostly occurs on leaves and receptacle. At the initial stage, irregular lesions were produced along the veins, and then yellowed and browned, and the lesions expanded and the leaf margin dried up. In severe cases, it will die from the lower leaves. Prevention and control methods: strengthen cultivation management, cultivate disease-free seedlings, and disinfect the seedbed soil; The greenhouse should be ventilated in time to reduce the air humidity. Remove the diseased plant residues in time. Spraying with 5 times of 5% copper succinate wettable powder or 4 times of 72% agricultural streptomycin wettable powder after onset. [5]

Common pests

Prevention and control methods of aphids and giant salamander: spray with 5% phoxim EC 1 times. [6]

Edit the medicinal value of this paragraph

Alias: Small Yellow Flower, Golden Belt (Qunfangpu), (Yunnan Annals), Huangmei (Botanical Dictionary), Qingming Flower (Guizhou Folk Medicine). Source: Jasminum nudiflorum Lindl., a jasmine plant in Oleaceae, whose leaves and flowers are used as medicine. Pick flowers in spring and leaves in summer. Fresh or dried. Jasminum nudiflorum

collection of Jasminum nudiflorum: collected from February to April and dried. Tropism of nature and taste: leaves: bitter and flat. Flowers: sweet, astringent and flat. Indications: Leaves: detoxification, detumescence, hemostasis and pain relief. Used for traumatic injury, traumatic hemorrhage, stomatitis, carbuncle and furuncle, and pruritus vulvae. Flowers: clearing away heat and diuresis, detoxifying. Used for fever, headache, urinary heat pain and lower limb ulcer. Usage and dosage: leaves: 2 ~ 3 yuan. Apply fresh products for external use to the affected area or decoct in water for sitz bath. Flowers: 1 ~ 3 yuan. Grind powder for external use and apply sesame oil to the affected area. * Excerpt from: Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicine

The propagation and cultivation in this section

Cutting is the main method, and layering and branching can also be used for propagation. Cutting can be carried out in spring, summer and autumn. Cut semi-lignified branches 12-15 cm long, insert them into sand, keep them moist, and take root in about 15 days. Layering: shallow burying the longer branches in the sand without being scratched, taking root after 4-5 days, and transplanting them separately from the mother plant in the following spring. The division of plants can be carried out when the buds sprout in spring. When transplanting in spring, part of the above-ground branches should be cut off, and it is necessary to bring lodging soil. In the process of growth, pay attention to the fact that the soil can not accumulate water and be excessively dry, and apply fertilizer properly for 2-3 times before and after flowering. Autumn and winter should be trimmed and reshaped to keep more new flowers. Pests and diseases often occur leaf spot disease and dead branch disease, which can be sprayed with 15 times of 5% wettable powder. Insect pests are harmful to aphids and giant salamander, and they are sprayed with 5% phoxim EC 1 times. Jasminum nudiflorum

Jasminum nudiflorum likes warm and cold. The flowering period of Spring Festival is affected by the temperature, and it opens from late January to April from south to north. If you want to blossom in the Spring Festival, you can move the flower buds into a sunny room at 12 ~ 16℃ 2 ~ 3 weeks before the festival, more than 2 meters away from the TV and air conditioner, water them once every three days with a temperature close to room temperature, and often spray water on the branches and leaves. If the flowers do not bloom one week before the festival, the room temperature can be raised to 2℃, and the room temperature should be controlled below 15℃ after flowering, which can last for 3 ~ 4 days.

Edit this paragraph to identify and distinguish

Yingchun and Forsythia suspensa

both belong to deciduous shrubs of Oleaceae, which are widely cultivated in various parts of China; There are many similarities between the two plants. They bloom at the same time, with yellow flowers, which bloom first and then grow leaves. Therefore, many people can't distinguish the two plants well. In fact, the difference between them is obvious: Jasminum nudiflorum Jasminum nudiflorum

1) The old branches of Yingchun are grayish brown, and the branchlets are quadrangular, slender, arched and green. Ye Quan is a trifoliate compound leaf, which grows symmetrically in a cross shape. The leaves are small, oval, entire, and the apex is narrow and sharp. Flowers are solitary, yellow, high-legged and disc-shaped, and inserted between the axils of the first-year branches. Forsythia suspensa branches are round, the branchlets are light brown, the stems are hollow, often drooping, the leaves are large, the shape is oblong, the upper part has neat serrations, and the lower part is entire. Simple leaves or 3 opposite leaves, in which the top leaf is larger and the two sides are smaller. The flowers are golden yellow with wide petals. 2) The branchlets of Yingchun are green, while those of Forsythia suspensa are dark in color, generally light brown. 3) The flowers of Yingchun have 6 petals each, while those of Forsythia suspensa only have 4) The flowers of Yingchun rarely bear fruit, while those of Forsythia suspensa bear fruit.

Jasminum nudiflorum and Jasminum nudiflorum (Jasminum nudiflorum)

Both belong to the genus Jasminum of Oleaceae, and are widely cultivated in China. They are very similar, but there are also some differences: 1) Winter jasmine is a deciduous shrub, which flowers first and leaves later, and has no leaves in full bloom. Yeyingchun is an evergreen shrub with green leaves in its flowering period. 2) The flower tube of the winter jasmine is long, and that of the wild winter jasmine is short. 3) The winter jasmine in Xi 'an area blooms from the end of February to March, and it blooms earlier than the plum blossoms in the same area. However, the flowering period of Yeyingchun in Xi 'an is often in early April, which is about one month later than that of Yingchun and obviously later than that of Meihua. Jasminum mesnyi (Yeyingchun), Jasminum Yunnan