Where will the flood disaster in Henan flow?

Where will the flood disaster in Henan flow?

Where will the flood in Henan Province flow? By 8: 00 on July 22, 66 large and medium-sized reservoirs in Henan Province had exceeded the flood limit water level. Due to heavy rainfall, 1 1 rivers, including Huaihe River, have exceeded the warning flood. Where will the flood in Henan flow? Will it cause disasters to the downstream areas?

Where will the flood in Henan flow? 1 Rainstorm hits Henan. As of 4: 00 on the 22nd, 3.004 million people in the province were affected, 33 people died, 8 people were missing and 376,000 people were evacuated.

As of 8: 00 on July 22nd, 66 large and medium-sized reservoirs in Henan Province have exceeded the flood limit, and many large and medium-sized reservoirs such as Zhaopingtai, Yahekou, Zhaowan, Xiaonanhai, Wuyue, Shimantan and Hekou Village have discharged floods.

Where will the flood in Henan flow? Will it cause disasters to the downstream areas? Water conservancy experts told reporters that most of the floods in Henan will flow into the Huaihe River Basin, and flood prevention preparations in downstream Anhui Province are very important.

The Ministry of Water Resources announced on the evening of July 22nd that due to heavy rainfall, the Huaihe River and other 1 1 rivers exceeded the warning flood, and some small and medium-sized rivers exceeded the flood limit and historical flood limit.

Most of the flood will flow into the Huaihe River basin.

According to the news from the Water Resources Department of Henan Province, the average rainfall in Henan Province has reached 86 mm from July 16 to 8: 00 on the 20th. Among them, from 8: 00 on June 5438+09 to 9: 00 on June 20, except Shangqiu and Puyang, there were moderate to heavy rain, local heavy rain, heavy rain and extremely heavy rain in the whole province, with 48 stations with rainfall exceeding 300mm, 207 stations with rainfall exceeding 200mm and 765 stations with rainfall exceeding100 mm.

Henan Hydrology and Water Resources Bureau released the news on July 22nd. By 8: 00 on the 22nd, there were 66 large and medium-sized reservoirs in * * * of Henan Province exceeding the flood limit water level, accounting for half of the total number of 132 large and medium-sized reservoirs (excluding Xiaolangdi, Sanmenxia, Guxian and Xixiayuan reservoirs) with flood reporting tasks in the province. Large and medium-sized reservoirs such as Zhaopingtai, Yahekou, Zhaowan, Xiaonanhai, Wuyue, Shimantan and Hekou Village have orderly flood discharge.

Affected by rainfall, the Weihe River, Shuangyue River, Jia Luhe River, Shaying River, Hongru River, Baihe River and their tributaries Huangya River rose, and Weifang Weihe Station exceeded the warning water level.

On July 2 1 day, the media reported that 47 reservoirs were discharging flood and urban drainage was in progress due to the heavy rain.

So, where will the flood in Henan flow?

Fu Xudong pointed out that generally speaking, urban floods mainly flow through the urban drainage pipe network, which can collect urban water, discharge it to nearby natural water bodies through a certain path, and then flow away with the floods in rivers.

Fu Xudong introduced that there are Huaihe River Basin and Yellow River Basin in Henan Province, but the confluence area of the Yellow River Basin in Henan Province is relatively small, and the banks of the river are relatively high, so most of the floods cannot flow into the Yellow River, but into the Huaihe River Basin. In addition, a small part will flow into the tributaries of the Yangtze River.

Achievements have been made in harnessing Huaihe River, but there are shortcomings in engineering and water conservancy supervision.

The Huaihe River harnessing project in Henan Province lasted for several decades. In August last year, the article "Building Water Conservancy and Preventing Flood" written by the staff of Henan Provincial Water Resources Department, such as Feng, Yang and Yin, systematically sorted out the achievements and shortcomings of harnessing the Huaihe River.

The article points out that the historical situation of "hardrain, light rain, drought and no rain" in the Huaihe River Basin in Henan Province has been changed, and the long-cherished wish that "it is better to cross the Huaihe River than to take the Wan Li Road" has become a reality.

At the same time, the article also points out the existing problems and shortcomings. The shortcomings of the project are that the disaster prevention engineering system of the Huaihe River Basin is not perfect, and the control projects of the main flood control rivers such as the main stream of the Huaihe River, the tributary of Huainan and the upper reaches of the Beiru River have not been fully completed, and the flood storage and flood control capacity of the basin needs to be improved. There are 360 key dangerous sections in the main flood control rivers in the basin, and the flood control standard is low.

The article also points out that the disaster prevention system and mechanism need to be improved. At present, the overall coordination mechanism of disaster prevention and reduction in Huaihe River Basin is not perfect, the sharing of disaster information resources is insufficient, the idea of attaching importance to disaster relief and neglecting disaster reduction has not been completely reversed, the low standard of flood control and drainage in some cities and unprotected rural areas has not been fundamentally changed, the role of social forces and market mechanisms has not been fully exerted, and the publicity and education on disaster prevention and reduction is not popular enough.

The level of water conservancy supervision also needs to be improved. The article points out that the idea of "ignoring management" in reconstruction is still relatively common, especially the management mechanism of small water conservancy projects is not perfect, the operation system is not standardized, the maintenance funds are insufficient, and the safety supervision and operation management methods are backward.

The Huaihe River and other 1 1 rivers have exceeded the warning flood.

On the evening of July 22nd, the reporter learned from the Ministry of Water Resources that due to the heavy rainfall, the Huaihe River and other 1 1 rivers exceeded the police flood, and some small and medium-sized rivers exceeded the historical flood limit.

It is estimated that in the next three days, the Zhangwei River, Ziya River and Daqinghe River in Haihe River Basin, the Luo Yi River and Qinhe River in the middle reaches of Yellow River, and the Hongru River, Shaying River and He Lixia River in Huaihe River Basin will have obvious flood processes, and some rivers in rainstorm areas may be flooded.

Historically, there have been many floods in the Huaihe River Basin. According to the official website of Henan Provincial Water Resources Department, in July 2007, a basin-wide flood occurred in Huaihe River. From July 1 day to July 16, the main stream and tributaries of Huaihe River were flooded, with the highest water level in Nanwan Reservoir and the largest inflow in Shishankou Reservoir. The stationmasters of Huaibin Station and Hongheban Station of Huaihe River exceeded the guaranteed water level for a long time, and the flood storage and detention area of Laowangpo was divided twice.

According to the website information of Huaihe Water Conservancy Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources, in August 20 18, heavy rain fell in the middle and upper reaches of Huaihe River, and local heavy rain caused more than 4 billion cubic meters of flood to enter Hongze Lake. In order to ensure the flood in the upper reaches of Hongze Lake to discharge safely through Hongze Lake, the Jiangsu Provincial Defense Office dispatched the Sanhe Sluice Project to discharge flood at August 17 15, and to discharge the Huaihe River flood at August 19 17.

On July 26 last year, the Ministry of Water Resources released a message. Considering rainfall, water level, discharge and flood volume comprehensively, a large basin flood will occur in Huaihe River in 2020 (about once every 10), and a regional flood will occur above Zhengyangguan. After July of that year 14, there were three heavy rainfall processes in the Huaihe River Basin, and the cumulative area rainfall in the basin was170mm, which was 89% higher than the normal period, and was the second since June of 196 1 year.

The provincial government requires that preventive measures be implemented in advance to repair water-damaged facilities.

Zhou Jianjun, a professor and chief researcher at the Department of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering in Tsinghua University, said that most of the floods in Henan flowed into the Huaihe River. From the relative position, Henan Province is located in the upper reaches of Huaihe River Basin, and Anhui Province is located in the lower reaches of Huaihe River Basin. At the same time, due to the influence of topography, the water from Henan to Anhui is relatively fast, so the flood control preparation in Anhui Province is very important.

According to Anhui News Network, on the afternoon of July 2 1, Wang Qingxian, Governor of Anhui Province, presided over the148th executive meeting of the provincial government, stressing that at present, Anhui Province is in a critical period of flood control, and the disaster prevention work cannot be relaxed at all. It is necessary to strengthen the prevention of typhoons, thunderstorms and local heavy rainfall, especially to strengthen the investigation and rectification of hidden dangers of flood control and drainage in urban areas, and deploy and implement preventive measures in advance. It is necessary to strengthen assistance to the affected people and pay close attention to repairing damaged facilities.

The meeting pointed out that it is necessary to further improve the emergency command system, improve the rapid response mechanism for disasters and dangers, strengthen departmental linkage and regional cooperation, earnestly do a good job in emergency rescue and emergency disposal, and fully protect people's lives and property.

According to public information, Wangjiaba sluice located in Funan County, Fuyang City, Anhui Province is the main control project of Mengwa flood storage area of Huaihe River. The special geographical conditions of Huaihe River make Wangjiaba sluice located at the intersection of three rivers of great significance. Wangjiaba sluice is also known as the "barometer" of flood control in Huaihe River and the "weather vane" of disaster in Huaihe River.

Therefore, the situation of Wangjiaba sluice has attracted much attention. Earlier, there were rumors that Wangjiaba was affected by rainfall in Henan to open floodgates.

In this regard, on July 2 1 day, the relevant person in charge of the Hydrology and Water Resources Bureau of Fuyang City, Anhui Province said in an interview with the media that the water levels in the upper reaches of Wangjiaba of Huaihe River and Heying Fuyang Gate all rose sharply due to the continuous heavy rain in Henan Province. On July 2 1 day 17, the water level of Wangjiaba of Huaihe River was 26.36 meters, the over-fortified water level was 0.36 meters, and the water level of Heying Fuyang Gate was 27.78 meters, which was 0. 19 meters higher than that at 6: 00 in the morning. But it did not reach the warning water level.

According to the forecast of hydrological department, Wangjiaba of Huaihe River has basically reached the highest water level in this flood rising process, and the upstream water level of Fuyang Gate of Heying River has not exceeded the warning water level (30.5m).

According to Fuyang News Network, south-central Henan is located in the upper reaches of major rivers in Fuyang City, which has an impact on flood control of rivers in Fuyang City and has little impact on the northern part of the city.

On July 20th, Fuyang City issued the Emergency Notice on Doing a Good Job in Flood Control, arranged the deployment of flood control dispatching in Heying and the inspection of Huaihe River embankment, and organized 397 cadres in Funan and Yingshang counties to inspect the river at the super-fortified water level to ensure the safety of flood control.

Where will the flood disaster in Henan flow? In recent years, the frequency of extreme weather events has increased significantly, and extreme high temperature, floods and droughts have been staged simultaneously in many places. Recently, the western United States suffered a particularly rare drought in 1200 years. The once-in-a-thousand-year flood in Germany has caused at least hundreds of deaths, and our Henan province has also suffered the strongest rainfall on record these days, while Xinxiang's rainfall has surpassed Zhengzhou's in just two hours. The Ministry of Water Resources and the Meteorological Bureau also issued a meteorological warning for mountain torrents.

Judging from the main causes of floods, glacial floods, mountain torrents and rainfall floods are frequent and have obvious seasonal characteristics. For example, most floods in the south occur after the flood season, that is, from May to 10 every year, while in the north, it is generally in the ice season, that is, in winter and spring, and water is easily blocked by ice to thaw. Generally speaking, however, July and August are the months with the highest probability of major floods, for the following reasons:

The Yellow River, Haihe River, Yangtze River, Pearl River, Songhua River and Liaohe River all covered these two months, and the precipitation during this period was also the largest in the whole year.

As for foreign countries, the same is true. For example, the Nile will enter the flood season from July to 10, the Amazon will enter the flood season from June to July, and the Mississippi River in the United States will enter the flood season from February to May every year.

Even if human beings are now in the sky and underground, there is no way to deal with natural disasters. So, where did the water that caused the flood finally flow? Why does the dam flood? Let me tell you a real example that happened recently:

A few days ago, two reservoirs in Inner Mongolia burst their banks due to heavy rain, and the national highway was directly washed away by the flood after the dam break. Friends who don't know the situation are asking why the flood discharge is not ahead of time. In fact, Yong 'an Reservoir, which is located in the upstream position, has no flood discharge hole, and the distance from Xinfa Reservoir in the downstream is only 13 km. The regulation method of reservoir water volume is natural discharge, so such a large amount of water suddenly washed away the dam.

Actually, that's the thing. There was a heavy rain in a short time, and the original dam body could not bear so much water. Then it burst the dam and caused a flood. Finally, water flows into the mainstream, which actually reflects a path of water circulation. All the water on the earth is actually circulating continuously. The water in this place moved to another place and even changed its state halfway. The river flows into the river, and the river flows into the ocean, and the sea surface is formed.

The Yangtze River and Yellow River basins are large in area and the water network is very complicated. In addition to natural lakes and river networks, we have also built many reservoirs and artificial rivers and lakes, mainly to regulate and store water resources more reasonably. Because, when the short-term rainfall is too large, the tributaries of the river will have flood peaks and then directly converge to the main stream, while those river networks with relatively weak storage capacity are more likely to form flood peaks due to heavy rain, and uncontrollable flood peaks will naturally cause fatal damage to the surrounding things.

In the past, when building water conservancy projects such as the Three Gorges Dam, there were some doubts at the beginning, including the huge construction cost, involving millions of people, and some fish and animals with migratory characteristics will also be affected by the completion of the dam.

But these questions are now answered. Since the completion of the Three Gorges Dam, it has not only created the world record of the highest annual power generation of a single power station, but also improved the navigation channel of more than 600 kilometers, which has played a great role in drought resistance and flood control.

In the design of the Three Gorges Dam, the flood storage capacity of 22 1.5 billion cubic meters was reserved. When it meets the maximum flood peak after completion in 2020, the 1 1 deep space will be directly opened for flood discharge. The Three Gorges Dam has strong flood control capability. Experts have said that the Three Gorges Dam can control the flow of Zhicheng at 8% per second in a big flood like 1.870.

Of course, many people know that the design of the Three Gorges Dam is mainly to store water in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, which can effectively solve the flood problem in the main stream of the Yangtze River, but this does not mean that it will have a great impact on the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. As mentioned earlier, the Three Gorges Reservoir has a special flood control capacity. Although the Three Gorges Dam will carry out flood discharge irregularly according to the water quantity, this does not mean that the flood discharge can be as much as you want, because the downstream flood control compensation is also standard. Carrying out flood discharge according to the standard will not increase the downstream flood control pressure.

And for the downstream, it may be a real problem that the flood does not discharge as required. Although dams are made of hard materials such as concrete, the endurance of these buildings in the face of floods is also limited. When the water flowing into the dam exceeds its own load, it is easy to break the dam, which is a real disaster for the downstream. Therefore, whether upstream or downstream, dam flood discharge is necessary.