What are the farming activities of mango?

The literal meaning of awn seed is "the wheat with awn is harvested quickly, and the rice with awn can be planted". Many crops are ripe at this time. Besides harvesting crops at this time, what farming is there? The following is the main arrangement of mango farming activities arranged by Bian Xiao. I hope you like them.

The main farming activity of awn seed is to harvest wheat, broad bean, pea and other crops in time in summer, so as to achieve the purpose of high yield and returning grain.

Second, re-apply corn fruit fertilizer in the first half and the second half of the year, and do a good job in preventing root fall and corn borer.

Third, spraying medicine on the middle rice seedling field and transplanting it in the middle and late stage; Direct seeding rice and seedling throwing rice are used to control rice weevil, and early field planting is used to control Chilo suppressalis and leaf blast.

Fourth, weeding in intertillage cotton, managing bud stage well, preventing and controlling pests such as blind stinkbug, cotton aphid and red spider, topdressing organic fertilizer and striving for more peaches; Transform the drainage system of cotton field to prevent rain and waterlogging.

Fifth, in the first half and the second half of the year, summer soybeans, peanuts and spring soybeans should be planted, and flower and pod fertilizers should be applied. Spring sweet potato topdressing, intertillage weeding, ridging and replanting; Cut summer sweet potato. Apply mint brake fertilizer.

Sixth, sow cowpea, amaranth, Chinese cabbage and other vegetables; Strengthen the field management of eggplant, melon and bean vegetables, control pests and diseases, harvest and market, and keep seeds.

Seventh, strengthen the epidemic prevention of livestock and poultry in summer, raise and manage adult fish, cut mulberry fields and apply summer fertilizer in summer, overhaul river and sea dike projects and irrigation and drainage machinery, and pay attention to flood control and drought prevention.

The origin of awn seed is awn seed, which refers to the maturity of crops with awn such as wheat. Mango is the ninth of the 24 solar terms. On June 5th, every year, when the sun reaches 75 degrees, it is a kind of awn. "Twenty-four solar terms": "The May Festival means that there are awn crops in the valley". It means that the seeds of crops with awns, such as barley and wheat, are ripe and it is very urgent to grab the harvest. Summer sowing crops such as late rice, millet and millet are also the busiest season for sowing, so they are also called "awn seeds". Spring competes for the sun, and summer competes for time. "Race against time" refers to the busy farming season at this time. It is often said that "three summers" is a busy farming season, that is, summer management is busy with summer harvest, summer sowing and spring sowing crops.

Therefore, "awn seed", also known as "busy planting" and "busy planting", is the busiest time for farmers to sow and go to the fields.

In ancient China, mango seeds were divided into three stages: "The first stage was when mantis was born; Second, wait for Peng to start singing; " By the third time, the tongue was silent. "In this solar term, the eggs laid by mantis in late autumn last year, because they felt the birth of Yin Qi, broke their shells and gave birth to little mantis; Shady shrike birds began to appear in the branches and sing in the shade; On the contrary, mockingbirds, who can learn from the songs of other birds, stop singing because they feel the appearance of Yin Qi.

The awn seed is a symbol of the maturity of awned crops such as wheat and a solar term reflecting agricultural phenology. By the time of the awning, the wheat harvest season in Sichuan Basin has passed, and the transplanting of mid-season rice and sweet potato is coming to an end. In most areas, the mid-season rice has entered the green stage, and the seedlings are green and full of vitality. The poem "The east wind dyed 3,000 hectares, and the herons kept coming and going" vividly described the beautiful scenery of the field at this time. In the awning season, the medium rice that has not been transplanted in the basin should be planted quickly; If it is postponed again, the vegetative growth period of rice will be shortened due to the increase of temperature, and the growth period will be easily affected by drought and diseases and insect pests, and the yield will inevitably be low. Osmunda japonica should be transplanted before summer at the latest; If sowing is too late, not only the drought will worsen, but also the temperature will drop in Qiu Lai, which is not conducive to the expansion of potato chips and the yield will be significantly reduced. This is the truth of the agricultural proverb "busy planting".

Mango is a very busy solar term. Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia are "busy planting seeds and breeding them in the summer to the valley of the sun". Guangdong is "awn seed sowing, summer heavy (heavy refers to transplanted plants)". Jiangxi is "no seedling three days before planting, no seedling three days after planting". Guizhou is "it is useless to plant awns if you don't plant them." Fujian is "planting awn, good indica rice, super awn and good glutinous rice". Jiangsu is "the mountain is the treasure, and the summer solstice is the grass". Shanxi is "mango, mango, everything". "Millet is urgently planted in the valley". Sichuan and Shaanxi are "busy farmers in front of the tent and busy planting beans behind the tent". As can be seen from the above farming, China is busy planting crops from south to north through the ear planting festival, and the busy farming season has reached a climax.

"The wheat planted in April comes first and the wheat planted in May comes last", which means that the wheat in North China is mature in April and immature in May. Why? This is the same as "peach blossoms bloom in February but not in March", which is caused by the lunar algorithm. According to the lunar calendar, a year is actually 354 or 355 days. This is10-1day less than the number of days the earth goes around the sun, so it needs to leap every three years (sometimes every two years) to make up for the shortage of days. In leap months, the solar term is either advanced or postponed, so sometimes it is in April and sometimes in May. Farmers in China know very well that crops should be planted in early April, because spring starts early and solar terms are advanced. Planting crops before mango seeds and after the solar term in June is a scientific planting method of "dead solar term living method"

Millet is a gramineous plant with the shortest growth period. Early-maturing varieties can mature in 80 days, even late-maturing varieties can mature in less than 100 days. This is the last crop planted in autumn. Therefore, when there is no rain in North China and other crops miss the solar term, they can make up for it and get a good harvest. Under normal circumstances, when millet is sown, the seeds can also mature, but the growth period of millet is longer than that of millet, which may suffer from freezing injury, so it is said that "millet seeds are in a hurry".

Most of the weather in Huangmei days in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River begins in the later period of the solar term. Farmers are very concerned about the rain in mango solar terms, so there are many meteorological proverbs handed down. As follows:

The solstice in summer is a water festival. If there is no rain, it is dry. (Guangdong)

◇ Miscanthus sowed the summer solstice and flooded the fields. (Guangdong)

When it rains, the water will rise during the Dragon Boat Festival. (to)

It always rains on the solstice in summer, and typhoons come late; At least it rains in summer and typhoons come early. (Fujian)

Mango grows on the solstice in summer, and it needs someone to lead it when walking. (Jiangsu, Anhui, Sichuan, Hubei, Guizhou) (rainy days, easy to slip on the road)

Generally speaking, in the late awning period, there will be continuous rainfall from the Yangtze River basin in China to the southern part of Japan, with a long rainfall period, which is called Meiyu because the plums are yellow and ripe. The ancient poems describing plum rains belong to thousands of families, and Zhao Shixiu's Guest is the most famous one: "It rains at home in Huangmei season, and frogs are everywhere in the grass pond. If you don't come at midnight, knock off the chess pieces and die. "

According to the statistics of the book Climate in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, it is generally June 16 in Wuhan, June 15 in Anqing, Anhui, and June 17 in Nanjing and Shanghai. In most areas of Hunan, Jiangxi and Zhejiang, plum rains usually arrive a few days earlier than the Yangtze River basin. However, years with few precipitation days have also appeared. Meteorology calls this period without continuous precipitation empty plum. Meiyu is followed by summer drought in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. If plum blossoms are available, there will be a serious summer drought in this area.

During the awning period, although the flood season in South China is in the late stage, there will still be heavy rain. Under normal circumstances, Hunan, central Jiangxi and southern Zhejiang usually enter the Meiyu period first. Like South China, the main flood season in this area starts from time to time, and the mountainous areas should be alert to secondary disasters such as flash floods and mudslides caused by local heavy rains. There are also urban drainage and water accumulation, farmland drainage and disaster relief, which will be listed as emergency plans.

Historically, 1954, 199 1 and 1998, all the heavy rains during the meiyu period caused the catastrophic floods in the whole basin. According to the flood disaster statistics released by the Office of the State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters in May this year, there were 198 people killed and the loss was 255 billion yuan. Of course, the formation of this situation must be caused by the strong cold and warm air and the close balance.

In addition, the southwest region began to enter the rainy season of the year in June. At this time, the hail weather in the southwest and western plateau areas began to increase.

During this period, except for the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the northernmost part of Heilongjiang, people in most areas can generally feel the summer heat. Nenjiang River is located in the north of Heilongjiang Province. During the 30 years from 197 1 to 2000, the hottest day (37. 1℃) appeared in the awning period.

In June, whether in the south or the north, high temperature weather above 35℃ may occur, and high temperature weather above 40℃ may also occur in Huanghuai area and the eastern part of northwest China, but it is generally not a continuous high temperature.

In China's southern provinces of Taiwan Province, Hainan, Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi, the average temperature in June is around 28℃. If the air humidity is high before the thunderstorm, it is really stuffy and hot. Sometimes it is necessary to issue a high temperature forecast to the public to remind people to prevent heatstroke, air conditioning disease and acute gastroenteritis.