Landing on the island in a bloody battle-another failure after the Golden Gate War

Around 1949, when the people liberated the southeast coastal islands, there were two defeats with great influence and more casualties. First, the Golden Gate Landing War, which wiped out more than 9,000 people from 8 regiments of our army, is now widely known. The other is the subsequent landing operation on Denbu Island. In this battle, the landing troops of Sanye 2 1 Jun 6 1 Division fought bloody battles with the superior enemy on the island for two days and nights, killing and injuring 3,396 prisoners. Our army also paid a heavy price of about 1.500 casualties, and finally withdrew from the island because of being outnumbered, failing to achieve the campaign goal. This war is still little known.

Rush into battle

/kloc-in the summer of 0/949, after the battle of crossing the river, the 7 th Corps of Sanye continued to advance to eastern and southern Zhejiang, and it was invincible all the way.

From mid-June to the beginning of 1 1, the 7th Corps launched an island-by-island attack on Zhoushan Islands, which was defended by 60,000 men from four divisions of the 22nd Army and the 6th Army. * * * winning streak, sweeping. From August of 19, * * successively captured Daxie, Meishan, Jintang, Liu Heng, Xiazhi, Taohua, Shuang Shan, Danggu and other islands, and gradually formed a campaign siege of Zhoushan Island, the main nest of the * * * army along the coast of Zhejiang.

In order to liberate Zhoushan Island as soon as possible, the 7th Corps of Sanye decided to attack Denbu Island with 2 1 army 6 1 division on1October 3rd.

Denbu Island is located about 3.5 nautical miles southeast of Zhoushan Island. Although it is only an island about 15 square kilometers, it is an important barrier for Zhoushan's * * * army. The defenders are 22 1 division of * * * 87 Army. There is a division headquarters on the island, and all 66 1 regiments and 662 regiments have two battalions. They have built many fortifications on the island and are determined to stick to them.

Because * * * successively captured Daxie, Jintang, Liu Heng and other islands, Chiang Kai-shek flew to Dinghai with Jiang Jingguo, Gui Yongqing and other army, navy and air generals on June+1October 65438+1October 0 to plan defensive measures. It was decided to set up the Zhoushan command post of the Southeast Military and Political Chief Office, transfer the first and second naval fleets to Zhoushan Island and Changtu Island, and step up the expansion of Daishan Airport. Ensure the take-off and landing of heavy bombers; Focus on Denbu Island and prepare to counterattack Jintang, Liu Heng and other islands; At the same time, the 67th Army of Hu Lian 12 Corps stationed in Shantou urgently dispatched reinforcements to Zhoushan, increasing the number of defenders in Zhoushan Islands from 60,000 to 90,000. It is more than 40,000 troops of the 7th Corps attacking the island 1 times.

The * * * 2 1 Jun 6 1 Division, which was ordered to attack Denbu Island, was unable to adapt to the geographical environment of the island because most of the commanders and fighters were from other provinces. Since 10 attacked the island by island in early June, there have been heavy casualties in the battle, and only 5,000 people can be shot down by the whole division. Besides, it is impossible to defend several captured islands. There is also a serious shortage of ships needed for navigation. Under such circumstances, it is really very difficult to launch an attack on Denbu Island quickly. Therefore, Teacher Hu Wei reported the situation truthfully. Euphemistically put forward to step up preparations and postpone the attack on Denbu Island.

On the eve of the Battle of Dengbu Island, a unit of the Southern Line 10 Corps suffered heavy losses in the landing battle of Jinmen Island in late 10, and more than 9,000 people from 8 regiments were wiped out. In order to make the front-line troops in eastern Zhejiang take a warning, Chairman * * * informed the whole army on June 29, 65438, pointing out: "This loss. This is the biggest since the liberation war. Mainly caused by underestimating the enemy's impatience. " The Third Field Army Command also specifically instructed the Seventh Corps on the issue of Dengbu Island: to seize Dengbu Island, we must concentrate enough troops and have enough ships to ensure that the first echelon can sail at the same time and the second echelon can sail continuously, truly grasp the changes of the enemy's situation, water regime, wind direction and climate, and strictly check the operational deployment and preparations of the participating troops to prevent bureaucracy and carelessness in command. Unfortunately, the campaign commander failed to carry out this important instruction well.

The operational deployment for attacking Dengbu Island is that, after the 1 Division 182 regiment landed, except for a company developing in the direction of Huoshao Bay, the main force quickly attacked along the line of Artillery Mountain and Zhang Wang Wan Mountain, and then captured Jiguan Reef, cut off the enemy's retreat and blocked enemy reinforcements; 1 Division, 183 Regiment and 1 Battalion quickly captured Liushi Mountain, cooperated with 182 Regiment to capture Jiguan Reef, controlled the key points near the ferry, prevented enemy reinforcements, and panic in the remaining enemies on the island.

165438+1At 4: 30 pm on October 3, *** 6 1 division began to prepare for artillery fire. The artillery hidden on Peach Blossom Island was stripped of its camouflage and the huge barrel was lifted. A round of artillery shells roared at Denbu Island and landed accurately on the beachheads such as Hejiaao, Xunzi Port, Wangjiaao and the back door on the other side.

The fierce shelling that lasted for several hours caused serious losses to the front enemy positions deployed by the * * army on the south bank of Denbu Island. However, no one expected that the sea-crossing campaign of * * * had just started, and then accidents appeared one after another. First, the troops failed to land as scheduled. The original landing time was 8: 00 pm, but it was delayed for two hours because of the transfer of the ship at the time of departure. In the evening 10, 182' s 3rd Battalion, 2nd Battalion and a half company, 1 Battalion of 183 boarded the ship and set sail from Taohua Island. At this time, the wind and rain are mixed, the waves are sky-high, and sailing is very difficult. After about half an hour of hard work, they finally reached the south bank of Denbu Island, repelled the sniper of the beachhead * * * and boarded Denbu Island.

If the unfavorable situation caused by the first accident can be made up by the efforts of the troops crossing the sea, then the second accident is very unfavorable for landing operations. This unexpected situation is at night 10: 30, when the second echelon is ready to set sail. The sea rose against the wind, and the ship could not sail at all. The commanders and fighters of the second echelon who were ready to set out could only look at the ocean and sigh at the edge of the rock. So that night, the first echelon was only seven and a half companies, and more than 65,438+10,000 people landed, facing a regiment and two battalions of the * * * army, which was getting earlier and earlier.

The moon is dark and windy. It's raining hard. On rainy nights in early winter, the island is particularly cold. The landing soldiers endured fatigue and extreme cold, climbed mountains and mountains and attacked the enemy in depth. 1 83rd Regiment1Battalion first captured the positions of Wangjiaao and Hejiaao, and then captured Liushuiyan Mountain. At dawn, a platoon captured the positions around the mountain and wiped out two companies defending the enemy. In another attack direction, 182 regiment, 2nd battalion, 7th company captured Fort Hill, and 3rd battalion mainly captured Zhang Wang Wan Hill. At this point, after continuous assault, the island-attacking troops annihilated 6 companies of the * * * Army, captured 500 or 600 enemies, disintegrated and scattered the enemy's main force, controlled about 3/4 of Denbu Island, and most of the remaining enemies retreated to Jiguanjiao Village and a corner of the coast. I almost had a nervous breakdown.

At this time, because the landing troops have basically changed the unfavorable situation when they first landed, the whole situation is very favorable. If they can storm to the end with all their strength, it is possible to capture Jiguan Reef. Control the ferry, stop the enemy from reinforcing, and then destroy the enemy on the island. However, due to the small number of landing troops and the need to divide troops to guard after occupying the position, the assault force was once weakened. Coupled with poor communication, it is impossible to grasp the situation of the two offensive directions in time, resulting in command errors, unable to command troops to quickly complete the scheduled operational plan, and thus losing favorable fighters.

* * * The news of Dembu Island soon spread to Taiwan Province Province, which immediately caused a great shock. * * * Southeast military and political chief Chen Cheng starry night ChiDian Zhoushan defense commander Shi Jue. It is strictly forbidden to stick to Dengbu Island to ensure the safety of Zhoushan. Shi Jue urgently ordered the 224th Regiment of the 75th Division of the 67th Army to cross the sea to reinforce, and then He Shi, the commander of the 67th Division of the 67th Army who just arrived in Dinghai from Shantou, led his troops to reinforce.

In the early morning of the 4th, the rain stopped and the weather gradually cleared up. * * * Zhoushan Defense Command used reinforcements to assemble at the dock to prepare for crossing the river, and Air Force Commander Lai flew an AT-6 plane to Dengbu Island for reconnaissance. At this time, the visibility has improved, and Lai Xunyan hovered over Denbu Island, but all the * * * troops in the commanding heights such as Liushuiyan Mountain and Paoshan Mountain have been completely defeated. Only the * * * troops of Jiguan Reef and Lujiao Line are still struggling for help, and the * * * troops that landed are almost all over the island. Seeing this, Lai couldn't help but gasp: Denbu Island is really in danger, in danger! If it weren't for Chen Cheng's orders to do his duty, I'm afraid the leaders of Zhoushan Defense Command would have ordered the retreat and fled.

At about 9 o'clock, the 224th Regiment reinforced by the * * * Army first arrived in Denbu Island under the cover of planes and warships. Because * * * didn't have strong long-range artillery suppression and didn't occupy the ferry, the * * * army landed easily from Jiguan Reef Pier.

The situation turned sharply.

Fight to the death

At the same time of large-scale landing reinforcements of ground troops, its air force dispatched several batches of C-47s and B-5 1 planes to carry out air strikes on landing troops and ships. Relying on air superiority, they took turns to carry out low-altitude bombing and strafing. Meanwhile. * * * Military warships and B-25 bombers bombed Peach Blossom Island behind * * * to prevent reinforcements.

Denbu Island, filled with smoke and numerous craters, was caught in a sea of fire. * * * All the simple fortifications repaired overnight were destroyed, and many soldiers were injured, unconscious and sacrificed. Then, a company of * * * troops rushed to the * * * position like a flood.

It is reported that the * * * 1 83rd Regiment1Battalion on the front line of Dashan and Liushuiyanshan, with the cooperation of the 4th Company of182nd Regiment, fought tenaciously with the enemy of the counterattack.

* * * Army attacked the 3rd Battalion of182nd Regiment at around 9: 00 with nearly two regiments' strength in the areas of Paotai Mountain and Zhang Wang Wan Mountain. At noon, the enemy's reinforcements increased, and the bombing and strafing of enemy planes became more and more crazy. * * * The troops are self-reliant under the condition of being attacked on three sides, and the casualties are getting bigger and bigger. In order to preserve the effective strength, after Zhang Wang Wan Mountain was captured by the enemy, the battalion voluntarily gave up the position of the artillery mountain and retreated to the northeast front of Zhushan and Yezhutang Mountain to continue to hold on. After 2 pm, the * * * Army launched a fierce attack on the crumbling 3rd Battalion of 182 Regiment. The commanders and fighters of the 3rd Battalion fought to the death with the dominant enemy, repelling the enemy's repeated attacks and forcing the enemy to retreat to the fort position.

At dusk, the enemy who has always been afraid of the midnight oil began to shrink his troops. The earth-shattering gunfire gradually thinned out. On this day, the landing troops stubbornly repelled the enemy's repeated attacks and thwarted the attempt of Zhoushan defense commander Shi Jue to "completely destroy" the landing troops before dusk.

Active retreat

At 9: 00 pm on the 4th, Hu Wei, commander of the 62nd Division, led 1 82nd Regiment, 1 Battalion and 2nd Battalion,13rd Battalion, Division Reconnaissance Company, Guard Company and 92nd Infantry Artillery Company. Finally broke through the blockade of enemy planes and ships, crossed the sea from Peach Blossom Island to Denbu Island, and met troops who were fighting fiercely with the enemy.

At this time, although the island's * * * has increased to more than 2000 people. But compared with the enemy, it is still at an absolute disadvantage in number.

According to the current enemy situation, the division command post decided to concentrate on 182 and 183 regiments. Attack Jiguan Reef from left and right directions, capture the dock, stop the enemy's reinforcements, and then annihilate the enemy on the island.

As * * * launched a counterattack at the same time, during the day, the enemy who attacked the flowing rock mountain was hit hard. At night, about two battalions of troops detoured to the side of the flowing water rock mountain in an attempt to cooperate with the frontal troops after dawn and seize the flowing water rock mountain. 183 regiment happened to meet the enemy in the attack, and then launched a fierce hand-to-hand combat. Most of the enemies were wiped out. However, when the regiment followed the fleeing enemy to attack the mountain, it was already dawn, and there were many enemies in the mountain, and the attack failed. On the other hand, the 1 82nd Regiment1Battalion captured Mount Zhang Wang Wan and Lujiao at 4 o'clock on the 5th, and was able to prevent enemy reinforcements from landing with firepower. However, there were many enemy troops in Fort Hill, and the 2nd Battalion failed to capture it, which led to 1 Battalion being surrounded by large enemy troops after dawn and forced to withdraw from Mount Zhang Wang Wan.

165438+1On the morning of October 5, the situation that was about to change deteriorated again. With the enemy's 67th Division 199 Regiment and 20 1 Regiment all arriving in Dembu Island, the island's * * * Army has approached six regiments, and the follow-up troops are still coming ashore. Liu Lianyi, commander of the 67 th Army, Zhu Zhiyi, commander of the 87 th Army, and other leaders also rushed to Denbu Island.

At this time, the firepower of * * * military aircraft and warships is more fierce. After 8 o'clock, they continued to launch continuous attacks on the first-line positions of Liushuiyan Mountain, Zhushan Mountain and Wild Boar Tangshan with superior forces. The whole position was filled with smoke, ShaSheng everywhere, and the fighting reached a white-hot level.

At noon, the leader of the 6 1 division analyzed the battlefield situation and came to the conclusion that there was a great disparity between the enemy and ourselves. After the division, there were no soldiers in Taohua Island, and the brothers were limited by ships and could not come to the rescue. It is impossible to annihilate the enemy with existing troops. Considering this unfavorable situation, Hu Wei, the division commander of 6 1 Division, made a decisive decision to voluntarily withdraw from the fighting. On the one hand, they decided to report to their superiors, and on the other hand, they asked the command post at the rear of Taohuadao Division to organize all ships, and began to withdraw troops as soon as it got dark.

6 1 division leaders took advantage of the enemy's fear of fighting at night and decided to feint and retreat at night on the 5th. Make the troops of 182 regiment and 1 battalion of 183 regiment undertake the cover task, and each battalion organizes several detachments to alternately carry out feint attacks on the enemy; As a feint team, each team should be equipped with 1 trumpeter, and attack on a large scale to confuse the enemy; Before evacuation, all the remains of the wounded and martyrs should be transported to the ferry. First, the remains of the wounded and martyrs and prisoners should be taken, and then the organs and troops should be covered, and then the troops should be evacuated alternately and boarded.

Twilight arrival, witnessed a day of killing the sun quietly hiding in the sea, the sky like a huge shady, dark between the sea and the sky, it is ferocious and terrible. The * * * army, which has always been afraid of fighting the midnight oil, shrank into the fortifications and waited for the morning to fight again. Taking advantage of this opportunity, * * * launched a feint to the front line of Liushuiyan, and the sound of charge, gunfire and Grenade explosions were heard. * * * Army officers and men thought that * * * would launch a new attack like the previous two nights, hiding in fortifications for defense, and never dared to fight back.

That night, ships from Peach Blossom Island behind the division shuttled through the strait between the two islands one after another to pick up officers and men. By 6 o'clock in the morning, the landing troops of 6 1 division, including the wounded, the remains of martyrs and prisoners, had all been safely evacuated to Taohua Island.

After the sky is bright. As two days ago, the enemy began to fight back. First, the plane was sent to drop a large number of bombshells on the position before the retreat of * * * *, and the ground troops swept it with big guns and machine guns for quite a while before they got up the courage to rush to the opposite position. However. All I saw was a large number of bodies left in front of the position when I attacked two days ago.

At that time, newspapers and periodicals in Taiwan Province Province said that those who attacked Denbu Island were "not afraid of death", "willing to destroy our fortifications with explosives and end up with them", "well-organized" and "few defectors in desperation", and were "the most powerful and fierce bandit troops".

Postwar aftermath

In the battle of landing on the island, the * * * landing troops lost their fighters and fought hard with the superior enemy for two days and nights while overcoming difficulties such as unfavorable start and once winning. Although he caused heavy casualties to the enemy, he also paid a heavy price. In the end, he left Denbu Island in a dangerous situation and there was no hope of destroying the enemy, saving his effective strength. Crushed Chiang Kai-shek and Chen Cheng's dream of recreating a Golden Gate. Although the troops were brave and tenacious in the battle, due to various reasons, they failed to complete the scheduled battle task of seizing the island and annihilating the enemy. It cannot be said that it was a defeat with great influence.

After the war, the * * * military started the propaganda machine and hyped up the "island victory". Claiming to "destroy" the troops that landed on the island, he also renamed a division of the 67th Army of the * * * as the "stepping division". Jiang Jingguo cheerfully called the Battle of Dengbu "another victory after the victory of Kinmen, which is not only conducive to the defense of dinghai, but also can boost the morale of the whole army". Chiang Kai-shek also sent a letter to Zhu Zhiyi, commander of the 87 th Army, saying that this campaign was "the glory of our 87 th Army in the revolutionary history, which not only consolidated the overall war situation in Dinghai, but also saved the foundation of the Republic of China." Although this is just their usual trick of self-deception, it is undoubtedly a shot in the arm for the * * * army that has become nervous.

The experiences and lessons of the Battle of Kinmen and the Battle of Denbu Island were highly valued by Sanye, the Central Military Commission and Chairman * * *. Su Yu1949165438+1October 14 telephoned the 7th, 9th, and 0th Corps, demanding that their attacks on Zhoushan and other islands must be examined and approved before they can be launched. 165438+1October 22nd, Su Yu telephoned the CMC and * * *, "suggesting that the CMC postpone the attack on Zhoushan and step up the development of the navy and air force. In terms of style of play, the Zhoushan navy and air force were annihilated first, and then Zhoushan was captured with the superior strength of the army. " * * * Called Su Yu twice on1949 65438+February 51950 65438+1October1and asked Su Yu to go to Beijing to discuss the attack method with Nie, Liu Yalou.

1in late April, 950, our army has obtained some air superiority over Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Shanghai. The report of "Ministry of National Defense" of Taiwan Province Province admits: "Our Zhoushan air defense force has obviously fallen into a disadvantage. If my air superiority is lost, so will my sea superiority. "