Why are bullet trains and high-speed trains so vulnerable to thunderstorms?

In the case of failure caused by extreme weather, the safety guarantee mechanism of the train will automatically play a role, leading to parking. This safety mechanism is preset to ensure the safety of passengers. The lightning arrester and other protective devices on the high-speed rail catenary can reduce the probability of being struck by lightning, but it can't achieve 100% lightning protection.

Catenary is a transmission line erected along the railway line, which supplies power to the locomotive through the pantograph at the top of the train. If there is a power failure, the high-speed train that loses power will naturally stop. Moreover, under severe weather conditions such as storm, it is difficult for pantograph to keep normal contact with catenary with the high-speed movement of the car body, and the quality of power supply decreases, which affects the train speed.