Shun's historical legend

Shun was the leader of the tribal alliance in the late patriarchal society in ancient China, and was honored as one of the five emperors by later generations, and was an important founder of Chinese civilization. Here are some legends and stories about Shun for your reference.

First, the basic introduction of Shun

According to legend, Shun was famous for his filial piety at the age of 20. Recommended by Sishan, Shun was Yao Li as the heir. Shun appointed Yu to control the water, completed Yao's unfinished business, and then rectified the ritual system, reduced the punishment and unified measurement. Chuan died in the wilderness of Cangwu during his southern tour, and was buried in Jiuyi Mountain in the south of the Yangtze River (now ningyuan county, Yongzhou City, Hunan Province), and posthumous title was Shun.

Second, an overview of Shun

Shun: The legendary leader of the tribal alliance in the late patriarchal society, Yao surnamed Zhong Hua, whose capital is located in Puban (now Yongji, Shanxi) and Diqiu (Puyang, Henan), is one of the five emperors and is regarded as the holy summer solstice.

"The first chapter of Li Lou" Mencius said: "Shun was born, moved to Xia, and died in Mingtiao; Dongyi people are also (Fan County is at the junction of Dongyi, Jizhou and Zhongyuan). "

"Yuan He Shi Bian" contains: "Yao was born in Yao ruins and was born in, and his descendants took Yao as their surname."

Genealogy of Prime Minister of the New Tang Book: "Yao surname, Yu Shun was born in Yao ruins, because he thought his surname." "After Shun, Gui was all sealed in Chen, Sun was the chef, followed by Lu, and went to Tian Feng, and follwed was the generation of Qi Hou. Shun Hou, avoiding chaos, crossed the river to Wujun and changed his surname to Gui. After Sun Fu's five generations, he changed his surname to Yao and lived in Wu Kang. "

Jing You Version of Northern Song Dynasty: Shao Sizhu [3] The Explanation of Surnames records: "Girls are surnames, so the words of surnames are mostly from women. Yu Shun was born in Yao and took Yao as his surname because of his native place. "

The book Dialectics of Surnames in Ancient and Modern Times and A Brief History of Clans record: "Yu has two surnames, Yao is called Gui. Because of the birth of Yao ruins, the surname is Yao, and because of living in Guishui, the surname is Gui. So, I changed my surname to Gui and Yao, knowing that Yao and Gui can communicate ... "

Shangshu says, "Virtue is self-sufficient." Yao Dian in Shangshu records that Shun "Yao Li put two women in chains and left them in danger." Yao married his two daughters.

"Historical Records of the Five Emperors" contains: "The virtue of the world began in Yu." Shun and Yu mentioned here, known as Yu Shun in history, also known as Shun Di, Yao, Yu and Zhong Hua, are one of the five ancient emperors.

According to the records in Shangshu and Historical Records, Yu Shun's way of treating people and governing the country is based on virtue and harmony, and he pursues harmony, tranquility and peace all his life, which is rich in connotation.

He was given the title of You, surnamed Gui Yao, named Zhong Hua, and the word Jun, called "Shun". Because of its name "Yu", it is also called Yu Shun. He is the sixth grandson of Emperor Zhuan Xu (Zhuan Xu-Qiong Chan-Jingkang-Wang Ju-Niuniu-Gu Sou-Zhonghua) and has been a civilian since the fifth ancestor Qiong Chan. Shun Di was persecuted by his father Gu Sou, his stepmother and his stepmother's son elephant. After suffering again and again, he is still kind to each other, filial to his parents and caring for his half-brother, thus winning the praise of the people. Shun was born (now Pucheng Town, Fan County, Puyang, Henan Province), fished and hunted (now southeast of Pucheng Town, Fan County, Puyang, Henan Province), burned pottery on the banks of the Yellow River and did business in Dunqiu (now qingfeng county, Puyang, Henan Province). Because of his noble character, he enjoys high prestige among the people.

He cultivated in Lishan (now Juancheng, Shandong Province, which disappeared due to the siltation of the Yellow River), and the local people no longer competed for farmland boundaries and were very humble to each other. People are willing to live near him, and they will gather into a village in two or three years. At that time, the leader of the tribal alliance, Emperor Yao, was old and wanted to choose an heir. Four Yue unanimously recommended Shun, so Yao married his two daughters to Shun, and invited nine people to serve Shun's left and right to see his virtue. Let Shun be in charge of the Five Codes, the officials and the welcome etiquette, and see what he can do. All governance is to ask Shun to undertake government affairs.

Before Shun ascended the throne, the tribal leaders of Sifang recommended Shun to Yaodi in April, and Yaodi married his two daughters and let them live by Gui River. Some of their descendants stayed by Gui River and took Gui as their surname. See also Shun culture and Yu Shun culture. Shun, one of the Five Emperors, was originally from his ancestral home, and later generations took his place of residence as his surname, which was passed down from generation to generation and was called authentic in history. Therefore, history calls Yao, Yu, Chen, Hu and Tian "five surnames". In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the minister in the central government also changed his family's earliest surname-Yao.

Yao gave way to Shun and died 28 years later. Shun selected and appointed talents, managed the civil affairs with "eight open" and "eight yuan", exiled the "four murderers" and appointed Yu to control the water, thus completing Yao's unfinished prosperity. Legend has it that he traveled around the world to rectify the etiquette system and reduce the punishment. The people are required to be "virtuous and far away from others", "straight and warm, broad and chestnut, just but not humiliating, simple but not arrogant", to honor their parents and live in harmony with their neighbors. Under his rule, politics and religion prevailed, guests from all directions served, and all countries praised obedience. Confucius said in The Doctrine of the Mean: "Shun has great knowledge! Shun is good at asking questions and observing words, hiding evil and promoting good, holding both ends and using them for the people. His thoughts are fluent! " He died in the wilderness of Cangwu during his southern tour and was buried in Jiuyi Mountain in the south of the Yangtze River (now ningyuan county, Yongzhou City, Hunan Province).

"Since the summer, the lineage of the Xia Dynasty has been very clear, with a total of seventeen kings." The national expert groups of "Xia Shang Zhou Dating Project" and "Chinese Civilization Tracing Project" believe that "Xia is the earliest dynasty, but the origin of Chinese civilization is far ahead."

Yu and Shun are inseparable. While some people are still questioning the history of China's ancient civilization with the "blade" of Mr. Gu Jiegang's textual research, I am afraid that in 2000-3000 years before Yao Shunyu, a large-scale Yangshao cultural city (such as Zhengzhou Xishan Ancient City) appeared in China. During the period from 3000 BC to more than 2000 BC ("this period is about the Yao and Shun period according to historical legends"), there were many ancient cities. Some places can even be said to have many ancient cities; Some symbols on pottery and jade articles "if they have nothing to do with words, I'm afraid it's hard to say"; China also has a ceremonial tomb; There are copper-based alloys containing zinc and copper-based alloys containing lead, namely brass and bronzes. "By the Xia Dynasty, bronzes were widely used." The above four items are recognized as the symbols of "civilization" in the world.

Third, the historical legend of Shun

Shun, the site of the Shundi Mausoleum Temple, was born in a farmhouse in a small village hundreds of miles southwest of Pingyang. He has a strange figure. There are two pupils in his eyes. His palm is like a word "like". The brain ball is prominent, the brow bone is raised, the head is big and round, the face is black and square, and the mouth can make a fist. Shun is a flower. His name is Hua, and his name is Shun. Unfortunately, my mother died soon, and my stepmother was fierce and violent, especially after my younger brother Xiang was born. At home, Shun can only watch her stepmother's three children eat and drink, and only go to bed after eating. However, no matter how his stepmother treats him, he always smiles and is modest. One winter, the climate was very cold, and Shun was only wearing two light clothes. He was as timid as a mouse, and his neighbor Qin Laohan couldn't stand it, so he intervened. He hoped that Yu's family could send Shun to school, but his family insisted on herding cattle. Fortunately, the teacher is kind-hearted, and with the help of Qin Laohan, he is learning while herding cattle. He knows from her husband that although a person is smart and wise, he is talented and loyal. If you want to study, you must read. If you want to read, you must read first. He also realized that people should be honest and have a down-to-earth spirit.

After the winter, Shun 16 years old, and he is as tall as an adult. From then on, he began to work hard. His stepmother stipulated that he had to work all day and was not allowed to go back to eat Chinese food. When someone asked him, he replied, "Farmers are thrifty, and two meals a day is enough. Why three meals? " He gradually won the respect and reputation of the local people, but Shun was expelled from his home for no reason. Despite these difficult days, Shun stepped up his studies, including Pu, an eight-year-old child. He learned a lot about sports from Puyi, including feet, hands, ends, mouth, voice, head, qi, morality, impartiality and ruthless tolerance.

Shun's moral cultivation is getting higher and higher. The local people in Lishan, which he cultivated many times, gathered more and more. He has changed from a lonely place to a metropolis, but he still can't get the warmth of his family. One day when he was working in the field, he took birds as an example and casually sang, "If you are involved in Mount Li, birds will fly high." I miss my parents and plow, and days and months pass by like a gallop. My parents are far away, and I will return to China? "Song sadness, burst into tears, shun is thirty years old this year,

At that time, Emperor Yao knew Shun's character and finally married his two daughters. Before getting married, Emperor Yao told his two daughters: "Generally speaking, obedience is always the most important way to be a wife. Masculinity, much stronger; Women's masculinity is not good if they just get up. Husband and wife can't work together in everything. In this case, the wife will always give in according to the opportunity. " After marriage, I went back to see my parents with my two wives, only to be rejected by my parents. My stepmother's younger brother had a bad idea like seeing the stunning faces of my two sisters-in-law. After marrying Shun, she lived a hard life. I like to think about the beauty of my two sisters-in-law. I often chat with my sister-in-law when Shun is not at home, hoping to seduce my sister-in-law by hanging my arm. Nv Ying is a clever man, but she dare not offend him for fear that he will speak ill of Shun in front of her parents. The more she looks like this, the more intentional she is, thinking that only by killing Shun can she get her sister-in-law. For example, Li Mu told Shun to repair the house, dredge the well, then set fire to the house and seal the well with mud in an attempt to burn Shun to death and suffocate Shun in the well. Every time we join hands to save Shun, Shun always forgets the past.

In this series of things, Yao appreciates Shun more. Finally, Yao called Shun to Beijing and began to entrust him with an important task. Shun recommended talents on a large scale, so Shun was "four-door guest, foothill guest, flame storm, tiger, wolf and snake." After Yao's death, Shun acceded to the throne as the son of heaven, making Puban his capital.

Shun is diligent and loves the people. In order to strengthen the ties between the central government and other places, he stipulated that tribal chiefs should come to Puban regularly to meet with the Emperor, and the Emperor also went to all parts of the country for an inauguration parade as usual. Every time, in addition to the minister's attache, E Huang Nv Ying accompanied him to take care of his daily life, and the three of them walked together with great affection. Shun lives in harmony, and both women are exposed to wind and rain. In the summer of this year, I came to Dongting Lake. Because it was too hot, Shun stayed in Junshan of Dongting Lake and continued her southern tour.

That night, I suddenly dreamed that, unlike the son of heaven, I was sitting in Yao's car, leaning against the neon sign and feather hood, and told her that I was no longer alive. Don't be sad. Life will break up one day. When Nv Ying woke up, he was very anxious. He missed Shun Di and told E Huang in a hurry. Although E Huang said, "The demon dream is insufficient, I'm afraid you miss it very much on weekdays, and your mind is dreaming. Don't worry. " But I'm also anxious. Unsurprisingly, the news came that Shun died in Cangwu Mountain, and he also brought his will to Nv Ying: "You should quit! If the appearance doesn't matter, the feeling doesn't matter. The edges are not separated, and the speed is effortless. If you don't walk or work, you can't wait for the shape. Don't ask for words to wait for shape, don't ask for things to wait for things. " Hearing the bad news, I feel all hope is gone. So many years of hard work and love and blind date are gone forever. E Huang Nv Ying shivered and cried several times, and her body and mind were suffering. E Huang Nv Ying is getting sadder every day, and her health is also damaged. Tears gradually dried up, and drops of blood flowed from her eyes. That night, the dense fog gradually enveloped the whole military mountain, and lightning in the sky passed one after another. The clouds are getting thicker and thicker, and the sky seems to be upside down. Suddenly, the wind roared with heavy rain, and Dongting Lake set off layers of waves, which seemed to collapse Yueyang City. E Huang Nv Ying's sincere thoughts and grief finally touched heaven. The gods collected their tears, shed a little blood and tears, and sprinkled them on the bamboo in Junshan, Dongting Lake. In this storm, E Huang Nv Ying suddenly became so sober. Suddenly I realized that Shun was calling them, and both of them were well dressed, just like welcoming Shun back from a long trip and holding hands in Dongting Lake. Suddenly the wind stopped raining and it was calm. The bamboo forest on Junshan Mountain was dyed red with tears, which became a symbol of the second princess's deep affection for Shun Di.

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