What are the habits of mountain red pearl potted flowers?

Sexual preference is warm and humid, and it grows best in a well-ventilated semi-cloudy environment. The most suitable soil is slightly acidic sandy loam containing a lot of humus. Most varieties are afraid of cold, drought, frost, waterlogging and alkaline earth. When the temperature is lower than 3℃ in winter, branches and leaves are vulnerable to freezing injury, and will die if it lasts for a long time. Deciduous lianas are very cold-tolerant and drought-tolerant. It is suitable for planting and potted in the warm south, with strong adaptability and flowering in summer once a year.

1. Planting

Time is spring. Potted in the north and planted in the open field in South China. When planting pots, the pot soil should be mixed with humus soil, garden soil and cake fertilizer residue in a ratio of 4:4:2, and then planted, not deeply planted, otherwise it will affect the growth and development of roots. Generally, potted jasmine is changed 1 pot every 2-3 years.

2. Light and temperature

The first frost enters the greenhouse every year and overwinters at 5- 10℃. Freeze to death below 5℃, and die easily below 0℃. The optimum growth temperature is 20 -25℃. After Grain Rain in spring, we should move out of the greenhouse. Before going out, you should exercise gradually in a sunny place indoors and go out slowly. After leaving the house, it should be placed in the leeward and sunny place, and then let go of management after adapting to the outdoor environment.

3. Water and fertilizer

The principle of watering jasmine is "water it thoroughly if you don't do it" Pour it after filling 1 time. According to the weather conditions in spring and autumn, water is poured 1 every 2-3 days, and water can be sprayed every day to keep the air moist. Spray water 1 time every morning in summer, and water 1 time after 4 pm. Reduce the amount of watering in the greenhouse in winter, otherwise the roots will rot easily. Molly likes fertilizer. /kloc-after 0/month, you can start pouring alum fertilizer and water. With the increase of weather temperature and plant growth potential, the concentration of fertilizer and water can be gradually increased, and dry fertilizer can be applied in rainy season. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be applied topdressing before and during flowering to promote flower reproduction and fragrance. Top dressing after each flowering 1 time. Stop topdressing at full flowering stage. Stop fertilizing after entering the house in winter.

Step 4: plastic trimming

Jasmine can be pruned in March. First, dense branches, dead branches, weak branches, cross branches, etc. Prune, and then cut the remaining branches short, and the length of the remaining branches is 15 cm, which promotes the growth of new branches and is beneficial to flowering. If you want jasmine flowers to bloom well and big, you should erase some buds in 1 crops in spring, or pick branches-some of them are tender. Every time a flower is finished, it is necessary to remove the residual flowers in time to concentrate nutrients for the next flower.

Potted jasmine should be watered every morning and evening in summer. If the air is dry, add water. During the winter dormancy period, it is necessary to control the amount of watering. If the pot soil is too wet, it will cause a large number of rotten roots or jasmine flowers to multiply by cutting, layering or dividing plants. The cuttage propagation of Jasmine was carried out from April to June, 65438+1October. Select the mature branches of 1, cut them into cuttings with more than two nodes, remove the lower leaves, insert them on a semi-sandy bed, cover them with plastic film, keep the air humidity high, and take root after about 40-60 days. The propagation of jasmine adopts layering method, selecting long branches, slightly cutting the lower part of the nodes, burying them in a small basin filled with sand and mud, keeping moisture frequently, and starting to take root in 20-30 days.

After a few months, it can be cut from the mother plant and planted separately. Apply pancake fertilizer once a week during the growing period. After changing pots in spring, we should always pick our hearts and shape them. Cut it again after flowering to help sprout new branches, so that plants can be neat and robust and bloom vigorously.

Edit this section of pest control

1. The main pests of jasmine are leaf roller moth and red spider, which harm the tender leaves at the top. Attention should be paid to timely prevention and control. Control methods: (1) Cleaning up litter and centralized watering can reduce some wintering bases. (2) chemical control. Red spider has strong reproductive ability, great pressure on the selection of chemicals and easy to produce drug resistance, so it should be used in turn in time. Common chemicals and their concentrations are 1000-2000 times that of 25% triazole tin wettable powder; 50% bromopropylate EC 2000-3000 times; 20% formamidine EC 1000-2000 times; 20% dicofol1000-1500 times solution; 500-65,438+0,000 times of 5% carbendazim EC; 50% dichlorvos EC 1000 times; 40% omethoate 1000 times solution. Note that the above chemicals cannot be mixed with alkaline pesticides such as Bordeaux mixture. (3) Protect and utilize natural enemies. Predating mites, ladybugs, lacewings, thrips, etc. It has certain control effect on mites. The safety of natural enemies should be considered when selecting pesticides, and natural enemies can be released artificially if conditions permit. 2. Bacterial blight mostly occurs at the stem base. Infected plants turn brown and rot, the diseased cortex is easy to peel off, and white filamentous hyphae are produced on the surface. Rapeseed-like sclerotia is produced in the diseased part in the later stage. Pathogens overwinter in soil or on diseased residues such as sclerotia or mycelium. There is more rain in May-June and August-September every year, which is prone to repeated infections. Prevention and control methods: (1) Remove the diseased plant residues in time and destroy them centrally. (2) strengthen management, strict quarantine, put an end to the source of the disease. (3) Disinfect the surrounding soil with 70% quintozene soil at the early stage of the disease, or spray 1% Bordeaux mixture or 0.3 Baume stone sulfur mixture, or 50% wettable special medicinal soil for prevention and control. When the disease is serious, spray 800 ~ 100 times of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder or 800 times of 65% zineb wettable powder. (4) Using 82 Trichoderma bran biological preparation, mixing it with fine soil and mixing it in pot soil. 3. Anthracnose mainly harms leaves and sometimes shoots. At the early stage of the disease, pale green to yellow spots are produced on the leaves, which gradually expand into taupe or grayish white round or nearly round spots. In the later stage, the lesions were scattered in black spots. The pathogen overwinters on the damaged leaves with sessile and hyphae. Generally, diseases are more serious in summer and autumn. Control methods: (1) Strengthen cultivation management, remove and destroy diseased leaves in time. (2) Spray 70% Luck 600-800 times, 2-3 times, once every 7- 10 days at the initial stage of the disease. You can also apply 0. 1% mercuric chloride water or purple liquid at home. (3) When the disease is serious, spray 50% thiophanate or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 800 ~ 1000 times, or 50% carbendazim 1000 times and 65% zineb 500 times.

relevant issues

① How to plant and manage jasmine? Potted jasmine requires that the cultivated soil is rich in organic matter and has good water permeability and air permeability. 4 parts of general garden soil, 4 parts of compost, 2 parts of river sand or chaff ash, and a proper amount of fully decomposed dry cake powder, chicken and duck manure, etc. Sieve off powder and coarse particles, and cover the surface with coarse particles. The most suitable time for planting pots is April-May before the germination of new buds every year. Choose a suitable flowerpot according to the size of the seedlings. When putting the pot, hold the seedlings in one hand and shovel the culture soil in the other. When the soil covers all the roots, lift the plants up slightly and vibrate the flowerpot several times to make the soil in close contact with the roots. Then compact the basin soil by hand, so that the soil surface is 2 cm away from the basin edge, which is reserved for watering. After planting, water the roots, then put them in a slightly shady place for 7- 10 days to avoid direct sunlight, and then gradually see the light. The key to daily management is water. According to the characteristics of jasmine, such as wet-loving, drought-tolerant, stagnant water and breathable, we should master the time and amount of watering. It can bloom in June-July. At this time, the root system has resumed normal growth, and thin alum fertilizer water should be poured every 7- 10 days. In the future, it can be managed according to adult jasmine, and the pots will not be changed in that year. Potted jasmine is usually changed once a year. When changing pots, some old soil and residual roots around the root system of jasmine are removed and replaced with new cultivated soil to improve the aggregate structure and nutrients of the soil again, which is beneficial to the growth of jasmine. Change pots and water them like watering pots, so as to facilitate the close contact between roots and soil and restore growth. Before changing pots, Riley should prune once, leaving only the branches of the previous year about 10 cm, and cutting off dead branches and branches that are too dense and too thin. Regular thinning of over-dense old leaves during the growth period can promote axillary bud germination, with more new branches and longer buds. From April to May in spring, Riley is growing branches and leaves, and the water consumption is not large. You can water it 1 time in 2-3 days, around noon. If it is wet, be sure to water it thoroughly. May-June is the jasmine spring period, and watering can be slightly more; June-August in midsummer is a high temperature climate, which coincides with the rapid growth of Riley and the accelerated evaporation of leaves. The sunshine is strong and the water demand is large, so it can be watered 1 time in the morning and evening respectively. In dry weather, water is also used to spray the leaves and the ground around the basin. Because jasmine is neither drought-resistant nor afraid of waterlogging, the accumulated water in the basin should be removed in time in summer rainy days, and the temperature in autumn can be reduced to 1-2 days and watered 1 time; The amount of watering should be strictly controlled in winter. If the humidity of basin soil is too high, it is not conducive to wintering. Jasmine likes fertilizer, especially when the flowering period is long and more fertilizer is needed. It also likes acidic soil and can be watered with 1: 10 alum fertilizer once a week. After the first flowering, the bean cake should be applied to the topsoil as a compulsory fertilizer. When flowering, bone powder and phosphate fertilizer should be applied as appropriate, and decomposed human excrement and urine can be poured when conditions permit, so that the jasmine flower has a strong aroma. When the flowers are in high temperature, we should apply fertilizer 1 time every 4 days. We might as well use big fat water, generally watering in the morning, fertilizing at night, and dissolving the water the next day, which is beneficial to the root absorption of jasmine. Pouring fertilizer should not be too thick, otherwise it will easily cause root rot. Before watering, loosen the soil slightly with a spatula before watering. Don't fertilize when the soil is too dry or wet. Fertilization works best when it seems dry but not timely. In order to make the potted jasmine plants plump and beautiful, the damaged branches should be cut off immediately after the flowers wither, so as to promote the germination of new techniques at the base and control the height of the plants. Fertilization was stopped in early September to improve the maturity of branches and facilitate overwintering. Molly is afraid of cold. When the temperature drops to 6-7℃, it should be moved indoors, and at the same time, pay attention to opening the window for ventilation, so as not to cause the leaves to turn yellow and fall off. The temperature is often unstable at this time. In the case of warm weather, it is still necessary to move outdoors for ventilation. When jasmine is moved indoors for the winter, it should be placed in a sunny room with room temperature above 5℃. Water 1 time every 7 days or so to make the basin soil slightly wet. In this way, the branches and leaves can remain bright green in winter without losing the ornamental effect. ② How to make jasmine blossom more? To make potted jasmine blossom more, the following measures can be taken: (1) pruning. The 3-6-year-old seedlings of Jasmine blossom most vigorously, and then they will age year by year, so they need to be pruned and updated in time. Before the Spring Festival sprouts, the branches in the last year can be shortened appropriately, and the base of the branches can be kept at 10- 15 cm, so that most stout new branches will appear. If the new branches grow vigorously, they should be pulled out when they grow to 10 cm, so as to promote the secondary branches, which will produce more flowers, compact plaster type and high ornamental value. It should be noted that pruning should be carried out in sunny days, and combining with leaf thinning can remove diseased branches and adjust plants, which is beneficial to growth. (2) fertilization. Jasmine is a plant that shoots and buds many times a year and blooms all year round, so it needs a lot of fertilizer, which is an important guarantee for jasmine to bloom more. Organic liquid fertilizer is the best fertilizer for potted jasmine, but it is best to use decomposed human feces, or human feces mixed with chicken and duck feces, pig feces, bean cakes, vegetable cakes and so on. The most suitable fertilization time is when the soil has just turned white and small dry cracks have just appeared on the soil surface around the basin wall. When the new buds begin to sprout, they can be watered with dilute manure water (the ratio of manure to water is 1: 9) every 7 days 1 time. When flowering is fast, the concentration of manure water can be increased. Water every 3 days 1 time. When the second and third batches of flowers are in bloom, topdressing can be carried out within 1-2 days 1 time due to the suitable temperature, many flowers and vigorous growth. In the future, fertilizer and water will be gradually controlled to prevent plants from growing vigorously and tissues from being tender and difficult to overwinter. ③ Why do potted jasmine leaves turn yellow? How to save it? If the potted jasmine is not properly managed, the leaves often turn yellow, the leaves turn yellow, the growth is not good, and the flowering is not ideal. In severe cases, it will gradually weaken and die. The reasons why the leaves turn yellow are as follows. (1) passing water. Although Molly likes wet soil, she is waterlogged. If the soil in the basin is too wet for a long time, it will cause rotten roots, yellow leaves and even plant death due to lack of oxygen. In this case, as long as the pot is moved to the shade, the watering is strictly controlled (if the pot soil is not too dry, it must not be watered again), and the pot soil is often loosened to improve the air permeability of the pot soil, and plants can gradually grow new roots and turn green after a while. (2) The soil is alkaline. Jasmine likes slightly acidic soil. If you use water with more salt content or tap water for a long time, it is easy to make its plants grow poorly and its branches and leaves turn yellow. If it is caused by irrigation water and alkaline soil in the basin, dilute ferrous sulfate aqueous solution can be applied during the growth period to make the wilting old leaves of plants turn from yellow to green quickly. (3) Insufficient nutrition supply. Long-term failure to change soil and fertilize resulted in insufficient nutrients and yellowing of jasmine leaves. To stop this situation, just change the plants in the flowerpot; Change into fertile, loose sandy loam and apply liquid fertilizer regularly (pay attention when applying fertilizer: too thick or applying immature organic fertilizer will cause "burning roots" and yellowing branches and leaves), and jasmine will grow normally soon. The reason why jasmine leaves turn yellow is sometimes single, and sometimes it is caused by the comprehensive influence of two or more reasons. This requires careful analysis, careful diagnosis and the right medicine. Generally speaking, if the plants grow poorly, the leaves gradually turn yellow, which is mostly caused by irrigation water and alkaline soil in the basin; If plants grow normally, their leaves suddenly turn yellow, which is often due to excessive watering or fertilization, leading to root rot. After finding out the reason, you can take the above measures to save it. (4) Why do potted jasmine flourish and not blossom? Potted jasmine sometimes looks lush and grows well, but it just doesn't bloom or rarely blooms. This is mainly caused by improper maintenance. Generally speaking, when the branches and leaves of jasmine grow vigorously, there will be few (or no) flowers, which is experience. In this case, water and fertilizer should be stopped properly first, and then watered and fertilized when the terminal bud wilts (more available phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be applied) to inhibit the flourishing growth of branches and leaves and promote the development of flower buds. The above situation is mainly due to the excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer and insufficient application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer during the growth period, which leads to the vain growth of plants, affects the formation of flower buds, and leads to no or less flowering. The second is: move jasmine to a sunny place at once, because jasmine likes sunshine and can't tolerate shade. The growth period of jasmine is too dark due to insufficient sunshine, and it is easy to form wasted growth. Move it to a sunny place, because ultraviolet rays in the sun will inhibit the growth of branches and leaves. In addition, the short cutting time should not exceed 1/3 of the branches, otherwise it will also lead to the lush growth of branches and leaves. Find the above problems and take timely measures (including proper watering control). After a period of careful care, jasmine can sprout and blossom. ⑤ How to control jasmine pests and diseases? The diseases in the growth period of jasmine are: stem rot and white silk disease of jasmine; Pests include: jasmine moth, scale insect and tetranychus cinnabarinus. (1) jasmine stem rot. The disease occurred at the base of stem, and the initial lesions were brown spot and waterlogging. The lesion extends longitudinally into strips. The edge is dark brown and the inside is taupe. In the later stage, the diseased tissue rotted and cracked longitudinally, and black particles appeared. The disease will occur all year round during the greenhouse maintenance period, especially in early spring. Outdoor maintenance also occurs in August-September. Under the condition of high temperature and high humidity, it is beneficial to the occurrence of diseases. Prevention and control methods: ① When the flowers are potted, 0.2-0.4 degree stone sulfur mixture can be sprayed; ② 70% Tobruk 600- 1000 times solution can be used to smear diseased spots or branches, or 500 times solution of thiram can be used to smear the diseased spots or branches, and the effect is also good. (2) bacterial diseases. The harm of white silk disease and its control methods can be found in Clivia white silk disease. (3) Jasmine leaf moth. Jasmine leaf borer is one of the main pests of jasmine, which feeds on leaves, buds, shoots and new shoots of jasmine with larvae. The twig bark died after being eaten, and the seedlings died after being killed, which seriously affected the growth and flowering of jasmine. Prevention and control methods: ① In winter or early spring, remove dead branches on plants and fallen leaves on the ground and burn them centrally; (8) Properly thinning leaves to facilitate ventilation; Capture and kill eggs, larvae and pupae on leaves manually in time. ② During the growth of jasmine, 6000 times of 50% trichlorfon wettable powder can be sprayed, which has good control effect. (4) Tetranychus cinnabarinus. Tetranychus cinnabarinus, also known as cotton spider. It will hurt many flowers and greenhouse plants. Jasmine is one of the common damaged flowers. The damaged leaves were yellow and white spots at first, and then gradually turned red and spread to the whole leaves, causing the leaves to curl and fall off. This kind of snail develops rapidly and does serious harm, which affects the growth and flowering of flowers and trees. Prevention and control methods: weeding, cleaning and watering the garden in winter can eliminate the source of overwintering insects. During the damage period of red spider, 40% triclosan EC (or 50% triclosan wettable powder or 40% triclosan wettable powder 1500-2000 times) can be used.