General knowledge of geography in Shaanxi province

1. Geographical knowledge of northern Shaanxi, Guanzhong and southern Shaanxi. The site selection mainly covers northern Shaanxi, Guanzhong and southern Shaanxi.

As the name implies, the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi, the mountainous areas in southern Shaanxi, the Qinling-Bashan Mountains, the Guanzhong in Shaanxi, and the Weihe River alluvial plain at the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi is located in the inland mid-latitude zone, forming a remarkable continental monsoon climate.

From north to south, it spans three climatic zones: temperate zone, warm temperate zone and north subtropical zone. Winter is dry and cold, with little rain and snow; Summer is hot and humid, with more rain; Spring drought; There are many floods in autumn.

The annual average temperature is 8.9- 12.3 degrees Celsius, showing a decreasing trend from southeast to northwest. The annual average precipitation is between 555.8 and 709.3mm. ..

It belongs to temperate semi-arid area, and it is loess yellow cinnamon soil with sparse vegetation, mostly drought-tolerant plants. Abundant coal resources have spawned many resource-based cities.

Traffic is relatively developed, and railways are networked. In recent years, due to the exploitation of mineral resources by the state, resources are in short supply and cities are shrinking.

The environment is deteriorating, and the contradiction between man and land is prominent.

2. What are the geomorphological features of Shaanxi Province?

The general characteristics of Shaanxi topography are high in the north and south, low in the middle, and obviously inclined from west to east. Beishan and Qinling divide Shaanxi into three natural regions: the northern Shaanxi Plateau, the central Guanzhong Plain and the southern Qinba Mountain area.

The loess plateau in northern Shaanxi is 800 meters above sea level? 1300m, accounting for about 45% of the total area of the province. Its northern part is a sandstorm area, and its southern part is a hilly and gully area.

After 50 years of construction, the shelter forest system, ecological agriculture and desert oasis in northern Shaanxi have made remarkable achievements. Animal husbandry is relatively developed, with abundant reserves of coal, oil and natural gas.

The Guanzhong Plain starts from Baoji in the west and reaches Tongguan in the east, with an average elevation of 520 meters. It is 360 kilometers long from east to west, accounting for 19% of the total land area of the province.

The basic landform types are river terraces and loess tablelands. The Weihe River passes through the basin and flows into the Yellow River. The passage is low, with an altitude of 326? 600 meters.

From the Weihe River to the south, north and south, the terrain is asymmetrical and stepped, from the alluvial terrace of the first and second rivers to 200 meters higher than the Weihe River. A 500-meter first or second loess plateau. Terraces are distributed continuously on the north bank and incomplete on the south bank.

The main tributaries of Weihe River also have corresponding multilevel terraces. The broad terrace plain is the most fertile area in Guanzhong.

Between the second terrace on the north bank of Weihe River and the northern Shaanxi Plateau, there is a Weibei loess plateau extending from east to west, with a wide surface and an elevation of 460? 800 meters, it is the main grain-producing area in Guanzhong. The loess plateau on the south side of Weihe River is intermittently distributed, about 250? Higher than Weihe River. 400 meters, stepped or inclined shield-shaped, slowly inclining from the northern foot of Qinling Mountains to Weihe Plain.

Qinba mountain area in southern Shaanxi includes Qinling, Bashan and Hanjiang river basins, accounting for about 36% of the total land area of the province. The Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi Province are 400~500 kilometers long from east to west and about 300 kilometers wide from north to south, with an altitude of 1500? 2000 meters.

Qinba Mountain area is a treasure house of forest products, and the Hanjiang River basin is rich in soil and products. The complex and diverse landforms in Shaanxi have bred thousands of species and world treasures. It can be called a natural museum and known as "Little China".

3. Knowledge of Shaanxi Province

Shaanxi is located in the hinterland of China, in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, with a latitude of 3 1 degree 43 minutes -39 degrees 34 minutes north latitude, 29 minutes east longitude-1 1 degree 14 minutes, and a latitude span of 7 degrees 5 1 minute. It is about 870 kilometers long from north to south and 200-500 kilometers wide from east to west. It looks like a bag, covering an area of 205,603 square kilometers, accounting for about 2. 14% of the total land area of China. Xi, the provincial capital, covers an area of 9983 square kilometers, including 88 1 square kilometers in the urban area.

Administrative division: Xi 'an, the provincial capital. By the end of 1994, there were 5 regions, 5 prefecture-level cities, 8 county-level cities and 84 counties in the whole province. (Note: See "Administrative Divisions and Changes in Shaanxi Province" for details)

Shaanxi is located in the mid-latitude zone of China, spanning the temperate zone, warm temperate zone and north subtropical zone, and is the most complicated province in China's natural zone. Geographically, Shaanxi is a province to the east and south of the middle reaches of the Yellow River. More than 60% is located in the Yellow River basin, so Shaanxi has always been considered as one of the provinces in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. The geographical location of Shaanxi is inland, which makes Shaanxi play the role of transition zone in China from southeast humid area to northwest arid area, from eastern forest area to northwest grassland desert area, and from eastern agricultural area to northwest agricultural and pastoral area.

With the strategic focus of China's economic development gradually shifting from east to west, Shaanxi will be in an important position as a link between the east and the west.

The general characteristics of Shaanxi landform are high in the south and low in the north, and low in the middle. There are Qinling Mountains and Qiao Shan Mountains in the whole province, which cross the east and west, and divide the territory into three natural regions: northern Shaanxi, Guanzhong and southern Shaanxi. From south to north, it is composed of mountains, rivers and platforms in turn, with obvious geomorphological divisions and complex types. The famous northern Shaanxi Plateau is located in the north of Fengxiang, Tongchuan and Hancheng, covered with loess, with an altitude of 800- 1300m, accounting for about 45% of the total land area of the province. The basic landform types are loess plateau, beam, headland, ditch, gully, rocky mountain and river valley, and the north of the Great Wall is sandy landform, which belongs to Mu Us desert and coal resources. Guanzhong Plain starts from Tongguan in the east and reaches Baoji in the west. It is about 300 kilometers long from east to west, 30-80 kilometers wide and generally 325-800 meters above sea level, accounting for 19% of the total land area of the province. Known as "800 Li Qinchuan", the soil is fertile and the agricultural products are rich. The basic landform types are river terraces and loess tablelands. Southern Shaanxi includes Qinling Mountains, Daba Mountain and Hanshui River Basin sandwiched between the two mountains. The altitude is generally between1200-2500m, accounting for about 36% of the total land area of the province. It is a treasure house of Shaanxi agricultural and forestry specialties and mineral resources. Qinling Mountain is the main watershed between the Yellow River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin, and the main dividing line between the north and the south of China. The main peak is Taibai Mountain, and there are many hot springs on the north slope, including the famous Lishan Spring, Qianzu on the cliff and the majestic and steep Xiyue Huashan Mountain. Daba Mountain is the dividing line between Hanzhong Basin and Sichuan Basin. The basic landform types are various mountain and valley landforms and numerous intermountain tectonic basins.

The mountains in Shaanxi can be divided into two types according to the strike: east-west strike and north-south strike. Among them, the east-west mountains are the main ones, including Hengshan Mountain, Qinling Mountain and Daba Mountain. The north-south mountains are mainly distributed on the Loess Plateau north of Guanzhong Plain, including Ziwuling, Huanglong Mountain and Longshan Mountain. There are many famous peaks in the Qinling Mountains, such as Huashan, Taibai Mountain, Zhong Nanshan and Mount Li.

Taibai Mountain is located at the junction of Taibai and Zhouzhi counties, with an altitude of 3,767 meters, which is the highest peak in the province. Huashan Mountain is located in the south of Huayin County, beside the Weihe River, with an altitude of 2160m. The peaks are tall and straight, and the dangers are endless. It is the highest mountain among the "Five Mountains" in China, and it is also called Xiyue Huashan.

In addition to the Yellow River flowing through the eastern part of the province, the rivers in Shaanxi mainly include Weihe River, Hanshui River, Jinghe River, Luohe River, Yanhe River, Wuding River, Jialing River, Danjiang River and Yaodong River. There are 583 rivers with a basin area of 100 square kilometers in the whole province. Weihe River is the largest tributary of the Yellow River, with a total length of 757 kilometers, and it is also the main river in the province. Originated in Bird and Rat Mountain, Weiyuan County, Gansu Province, it flows through Guanzhong Plain to Tongguan and joins the Yellow River. Hanshui River is the largest tributary of the Yangtze River, with a total length of 1.532 km. Ningqiang county, which originates from both ends of Micang Mountain in this province, flows through Qinba Mountain and joins the Yangtze River in Wuhan City, Hubei Province.

There are few lakes in Shaanxi. There are more than 300 Haizi in the sandy beach area of northern Shaanxi, with a water surface of nearly 90 square kilometers, the largest of which is Hongjiannao in Shenmu County, with an area of nearly 67 square kilometers and a water depth of 8- 10 meter.

4. The geographical location and topographical features of Shaanxi Province and Hukou Waterfall should be concise, not too long.

It is located between east longitude105 29' and north latitude1015', and between north latitude 3142' and 39 35'. It is long from north to south and narrow from east to west. It is about 880 kilometers long from north to south and about 15' wide from east to west. It is the center of the Asian section of the Second Eurasian Continental Bridge and the gateway to northwest, southwest, north and central China of China. It is bordered by eight provinces and cities of Shanxi, Henan, Hubei, Sichuan, Chongqing, Gansu, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia. It is the province with the largest number of neighboring provinces in China, with the geographical convenience of connecting the east with the west and connecting the north with the south. Shaanxi Province is the only province in China that truly spans north and south. The general characteristics of Shaanxi topography. The feature that the terrain inclines from west to east is also obvious. The loess plateau in northern Shaanxi is 800 ~1300m above sea level, accounting for about 45% of the total area of the province. The northern part is a sandstorm area, and the southern part is a hilly and gully area. The complex and diverse climate features and landforms have bred thousands of species and world treasures, and it can be called a natural museum. Hukou Waterfall, known as "Little China", is a famous waterfall on the Yellow River in China. It is located on the hillside of Nancun in the west of Jixian County, Shanxi Province. Since then, the stone walls on both sides of the Yellow River have stood, and the estuary is as narrow as hukou, hence the name. The waterfall falls 9 meters and is rich in hydraulic resources. Hukou Waterfall is a natural waterfall formed when the middle reaches of the Yellow River flows through the Shanxi-Shaanxi Grand Canyon. It borders Yichuan County, Shaanxi Province in the west, and Jixian County, Shanxi Province in the east, about southwest of Jixian County, Shanxi Province.

5. The human geography and historical knowledge of Xi in Shaanxi.

Xi 'an is located in Guanzhong Basin in the middle of Weihe River Basin, bordering Weihe River and Loess Plateau in the north and Qinling Mountains in the south. Linghe and Yuanqiu Mountain are in the east, and Taibai Mountain and Qinghai Loess Plateau are in the west. The area under its jurisdiction is about 204 kilometers long from east to west and about 1 16 kilometers wide from north to south. As of 20 16, the area of Xi city is 9983 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 1066 square kilometers.

The geological structure of Xi 'an is divided into two units: Qinling geosyncline fold belt and North China platform. The great fault at the northern foot of Qinling Mountains occurred during the Yanshan Movement 654.38+300 million years ago. Since the Neogene about 3 million years ago, the neotectonic movement in the Qinling geosyncline fold belt south of the great fault has been extremely active, and the mountains have fallen sharply from north to south, creating the Qinling Mountains.

The altitude difference in Xi 'an ranks first among the cities in China. The Qinling Mountains, with its steep and beautiful peaks, and the wide and flat Weihe Plain have clear boundaries, which constitute the main landforms of Xi 'an.

Shaanxi Opera, which is popular in Shaanxi and Northwest China, is also called "Bangzi Opera". It is the oldest, richest and largest vocal cavity system among the four major vocal cavities of China Opera. Nuo dance and Zhong Kui dance, which spread in the hometown of Zhong Kui in Huxian County, are living fossils of China opera dance, and Nuo dance is the originator of traditional Chinese medicine.

Xi is the first batch of excellent tourist cities in China, and its cultural remains are characterized by high resource density, good preservation and high level. In China 155 basic types of tourism resources, Xi tourism resources account for 89.

Around Xi 'an, there are 72 imperial tombs, including Qin Shihuang Mausoleum, Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang Capital Ruins, Western Han1mausoleum, Tang1mausoleum, and more than 700 ancient buildings, such as Wild Goose Pagoda, Bell and Drum Tower and ancient city walls.

Extended data:

Xi is one of the important birthplaces of Chinese civilization and the Chinese nation, where more than ten dynasties established their capitals in history. Fenghao Capital, Qin Epang Palace, Terracotta Warriors, Han Weiyang Palace, Changle Palace, Sui Daxing City, Tang Daming Palace, Xingqing Palace, etc. Outline the "Chang' an Complex".

Xi is the best tourist destination in China and one of the cities with the most international image in China. There are two of the six heritages listed in the World Heritage List, namely, the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang and Terracotta Warriors, Wild Goose Pagoda, Small Wild Goose Pagoda, Daming Palace Site in Chang 'an City in Tang Dynasty, Weiyang Palace Site in Chang 'an City in Han Dynasty and Xingjiao Temple Tower.

There are also Xi 'an City Wall, Bell and Drum Tower, Huaqing Pool, Zhong Nanshan, Datang Furong Garden, Shaanxi History Museum, Forest of Steles and other scenic spots.

Sogou encyclopedia -Xi' an

6. Sorting out the knowledge of regional geography (China geography) in senior high school.

I. Geographical Location of China (1) Hemisphere Geographical Location: Eastern Hemisphere and Northern Hemisphere Land and Sea Geographical Location: East Asia, West Coast of the Pacific Ocean (2) North of the territory: The center line of the main channel of Heilongjiang River north of Mohe River spans nearly 50 degrees latitude. South: Zengmu shoal in Nansha Islands, with a distance of 5,500 kilometers between north and south. East: the intersection of the main channel center of Heilongjiang and Wusuli River, spanning more than 60 degrees of longitude. West: Pamir Plateau, Xinjiang, 5000 kilometers apart, 5 time zones. Land area: 9.6 million square kilometers. After Russia and Canada, it ranks third in the world among five zones: most of them are in temperate zone, a few are in tropical zone, and there is no frigid zone. The Tropic of Cancer passes through Taiwan Province, Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan provinces, and its advantages: latitude position and climate difference between north and south provide conditions for the development of various agricultural economies. (3) Offshore North → South: Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea, South China Sea and Pacific Ocean territorial waters: coastal baseline to 65438. Inland Sea: The coastline of Bohai Sea and Qiongzhou Strait is18,000km long. The advantages of more than 6,000 land and sea islands, such as Taiwan Province Island, Haitian Island, Zhoushan Islands and South China Sea Islands, from Yalu River Estuary (the border river between China and North Korea) to Beilun River Estuary (the border river between China and Vietnam) are as follows: the east is deeply affected by monsoon, which is beneficial to agricultural production, and the coastal areas are convenient for developing marine undertakings and overseas exchanges. The land transportation in the west can directly communicate with Central Asia. (4) Land boundary and adjacent land boundary: 20,000 kilometers long. East: North Korea: Russia, Northwest Mongolia: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, West Tajikistan: Afghanistan, Southwest Pakistan: India, Nepal, South Bhutan: Myanmar, Laos, East Vietnam: South Korea, Southeast Japan: South Philippines: Malaysia, Indonesia. Special Administrative Region: Attached to Hong Kong and Macao 1: Memories of China's neighboring countries 15 Neighboring countries: Lu Shanghuan, North Korea, Russia, Mongolia, Hajita, Afghanistan, India, Nepal, Myanmar, six countries across the sea, all Indonesia, Ma Wenfei, Japan and South Korea Attached 2: Name, abbreviation and administrative center of China provincial administrative center (please fill in the blanks yourself). The name of the administrative center area is abbreviated as the name of the administrative center area. The name of the administrative center area is abbreviated as the name of the administrative center area in Black Northeast China, Hunan, Central South China, Hebei, Hubei, Liaoning, Jin and North China, Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Qiongjinchuan or southwest Sichuan, Jiyun or Yunnan, Shanghai, East China, Guangxi or Guizhou, Jiangsu, Tibet, Zhejiang, Chongqing, Jiangxi, Shaanxi or Northwest China, or Longwan, Fujian, Qingdao and Taiwan Province, Taipei, Hong Kong and Macao. Attachment 3: China provincial administrative region rhymes North China, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Hebei outside Beijing and Tianjin; Shanghai, six provinces in East China and Fujian-Taiwan Island in Sanjiang; Five central and southern provinces plus one district, two lakes and two guangnan; Southwest three provinces, one district and one city, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Tibet and Chongqing; Three provinces in the northwest plus two districts, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and Xinjiang are all good. Iii. Population Distribution and Ethnic Groups in China (1) In 2000, the total population of China was129.5 billion, and the average population density was 135 people /Km? (2) The population distribution is very uneven. There are many people in the east and the population density is relatively high. The western region has a small population and a low population density. The population density line runs from Heihe in Heilongjiang to Tengchong in Yunnan. The population density line is in the southeast-the area accounts for 43% and the population accounts for 94%. (3) The proportion of rural population is large, while the proportion of urban population is small. Urban development policy: strictly control the scale of big cities, rationally develop small and medium-sized cities, build new towns, and organically combine large and small cities. Rational distribution of urban and rural population. (4) Overseas Chinese (China nationality or dual nationality) and hometown of overseas Chinese: Guangdong and Fujian. (5) The basic national policy: population control, and the necessity of family planning in China to improve the quality of the population. Ethnic distribution in China (1): China ethnic groups are mainly distributed in southwest, northwest and northeast. Yunnan Province, Guizhou Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Xinjiang Autonomous Region are provinces where ethnic minorities live in concentrated communities. (2) Distribution characteristics: small settlements and mixed ethnic minorities; (3) The largest population: the Zhuang people with a population of more than 4 million are Manchu, Hui, Miao, Yi, Tujia, Mongolian and Tibetan. (4) Ethnic festivals: Dai-Songkran Festival, peacock dance Mongolian-Nadam Congress, Wrestling V, Terrain 1. The distribution of the three steps is stepped. Three-step situation: elevation (m) is the main terrain type. The height of the first step is over 4000 meters. Original boundary: Kunlun Mountain-Qilian Mountain-Hengduan Mountain, second step 1000 ~ 2000m plateau, basin boundary: Daxing 'anling-Taihang Mountain-Wushan-Xuefeng Mountain, and the third step is less than 500m plain. Hills ① Note: Steps ② Hydropower station at the junction of three steps in German terrain: from south to north-Alps, Bavarian Plateau and northern plain of Germany ③ Topographic profiles of China along different latitudes and longitudes: 30 N, 38 N and 45° N；; Along the latitude: 90 E, 100 e,10. Most of the East China Sea (the widest part) and a part of the South China Sea are conducive to the infiltration of humid air into the interior to form precipitation, which makes many rivers flowing eastward and connecting things flow from the upper steps to the lower steps, resulting in huge hydropower. (2) The terrain is diverse and the mountains are vast. The five basic landforms are complete: it provides conditions for developing diversified businesses according to local conditions. The mountainous area is vast: two thirds is not conducive to the development of planting. It has advantages in forestry, animal husbandry, mining and tourism. 2. Topographic distribution (1) The main mountains-constitute the topographic skeleton and become the dividing line of the topographic region. East-west trend: North: Tianshan-Yinshan; Middle: Kunlun Mountain-Qinling Mountains; South: Nanling northeast-southwest trend: East: Taiwan Province Mountain; English: Changbai Mountain-Wuyishan; West: Daxing 'anling-Taihang Mountain-Wushan-Xuefeng Mountain arc mountain range: Himalayas is the most majestic mountain in the world, and the main peak, Mount Everest, is located on the border between China and Nepal, with an altitude of 8,848 meters. Other trends: northwest-southeast: Altai Mountain and Qilian Mountain; North-south trend: Hengduan Mountain and Helan Mountain Note: Qinling Mountain, a mountain spanning three steps; Mountains located on the third step: Changbai Mountain, Nanling Mountain, Wuyishan Mountain and Taiwan Province Mountain. Mountains near the provincial boundaries: Taihang Mountain (Shanxi and Hebei), Helan Mountain (Inner Mongolia and Ningxia), Wuyishan (Jiangxi and Fujian), Nanling (Hunan and Guangdong), Daba Mountain (Sichuan and Shaanxi), Wushan Mountain (Chongqing and Hubei) and Qilian Mountain (Qilian Mountain).

7. Ask for the geographical introduction of Shaanxi.

1. Location, adjacent area and area:

Shaanxi Province is located in the hinterland of China, between east longitude105 29 ′-1kloc-0/5 ′ and north latitude 3142 ′-39 35 ′. It borders Shanxi and Henan in the east, Ningxia and Gansu in the west, Sichuan, Chongqing and Hubei in the south and Inner Mongolia in the north, occupying an important position connecting the eastern and central parts of China with the northwest and southwest. The origin of China is Yongle Town, Jingyang County, Shaanxi Province. The total area of the province is 205,800 square kilometers.

2. Terrain:

Shaanxi is a long and narrow area with high terrain in the north and low terrain in the south. There are many landforms such as plateaus, mountains, plains and basins. Qinling Mountains, as the climate dividing line between north and south of China, runs through the whole province. It is about 870 kilometers long from north to south and 200 to 500 kilometers wide from east to west. From north to south, it can be divided into three geomorphic areas: northern Shaanxi Plateau, Guanzhong Plain and Qinba Mountain. Among them, the plateau is 9.26 million hectares, the mountainous area is 74 1 10,000 hectares, and the plain is 39 1 10,000 hectares. The main mountain ranges are Qinling and Daba Mountain. Qinling Mountain has many famous peaks in Shaanxi, such as Huashan, Taibai Mountain, Zhong Nanshan and Mount Li.

3. Rivers and lakes:

North of Qinling Mountains is the Yellow River system, and its main tributaries are Kuye River, Wuding River, Yanhe River, Luohe River, Jinghe River (tributary of Weihe River) and Weihe River from north to south. South of Qinling belongs to the Yangtze River system, including Jialing River, Hanjiang River and Danjiang River.

In addition to the Yellow River flowing through the eastern part of the province, the rivers in Shaanxi mainly include Weihe River, Hanshui River, Jinghe River, Luohe River, Yanhe River, Wuding River, Jialing River, Danjiang River and Yaodong River. There are 583 rivers with a basin area of 100 square kilometers in the whole province. Weihe River is the largest tributary of the Yellow River, with a total length of 757 kilometers, and it is also the main river in the province. Originated in Bird and Rat Mountain, Weiyuan County, Gansu Province, it flows through Guanzhong Plain to Tongguan and joins the Yellow River. Hanshui River is the largest tributary of the Yangtze River, with a total length of 1.532 km. Ningqiang county, which originates from both ends of Micang Mountain in this province, flows through Qinba Mountain and joins the Yangtze River in Wuhan City, Hubei Province.

There are few lakes in Shaanxi. There are more than 300 Haizi in the sandy beach area of northern Shaanxi, with a water surface of nearly 90 square kilometers, the largest of which is Hongjiannao in Shenmu County, with an area of nearly 67 square kilometers and a water depth of 8- 10 meter.

4. Climate:

Shaanxi spans three climatic zones, and the climate between north and south is quite different. Southern Shaanxi has a tropical climate in North Asia, Guanzhong and northern Shaanxi have a warm temperate climate, and northern Shaanxi has a temperate climate along the Great Wall. Its general characteristics are: warm and dry in spring, less precipitation, rapid and unstable temperature rise, windy and dusty weather; Summer is hot and rainy, with occasional summer drought; Autumn is cool and humid, and the temperature drops rapidly; Winter is cold and dry, with low temperature and scarce rain and snow. The annual average temperature of the whole province 13.7℃ decreases from south to north and from east to west: 7℃- 12℃ in northern Shaanxi, 0/2℃-14℃ in Guanzhong, and 0/4℃ in southern Shaanxi. 65438+ 10 monthly average temperature-1℃-3.5℃, July average temperature 2 1℃-28℃, frost-free period 160-250 days, extreme minimum temperature-32.7. The annual average precipitation is 340-1240mm. There is more precipitation in the south and less precipitation in the north. Southern Shaanxi is a humid area, Guanzhong is a semi-humid area and northern Shaanxi is a semi-arid area.

8. What are the geomorphological features of Shaanxi?

Shaanxi is located in the hinterland of China and the middle reaches of the Yellow River. It is about 870 kilometers long from north to south and 200 meters wide from east to west. 500 kilometers, bag-shaped, with an area of about 2 1 000 square kilometers, accounting for about 2% of the country's total land area.

14%。 The general feature of Shaanxi topography is that it is high in the north and low in the middle.

At the same time, the terrain is inclined from west to east. There are Qinling Mountains and Qiao Shan Mountains across the province, which divide the territory into three natural regions: northern Shaanxi, Guanzhong and southern Shaanxi.

The loess plateau in northern Shaanxi is 800 meters above sea level? 1300m, accounting for about 45% of the total area of the province, located in the north of Fengxiang, Tongchuan and Hancheng. Its northern part is a sandstorm area, and its southern part is a hilly and gully area.

After 50 years of construction, the shelter forest system, ecological agriculture and desert oasis in northern Shaanxi have made remarkable achievements. Animal husbandry is relatively developed, with abundant reserves of coal, oil and natural gas.

The Guanzhong Plain starts from Baoji in the west and reaches Tongguan in the east, with an average elevation of 520 meters, a length of 360 kilometers from east to west and a width of 30? 80,000 meters, accounting for about 19% of the total land area of the province. The basic landform types are river terraces and loess tablelands. Here, with flat terrain, convenient transportation, mild climate, rich products and developed economy, the grain and oil output and gross national product account for about two-thirds of the province's total, which is the essence of the province and is known as "Qinchuan in 800 Li".

Qinba mountain area in southern Shaanxi includes Qinling, Bashan and Hanjiang river basins, accounting for about 36% of the total land area of the province. Qinling Mountain is the main watershed between the Yellow River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin, and the main dividing line between the north and the south of China. The province is 400 meters long from east to west. 500 kilometers, about 300 kilometers wide from north to south, altitude 1 500? 2000 meters.

Qinba Mountain area is a treasure house of agricultural and forestry specialties and mineral resources in Shaanxi.

9. Interesting geographical knowledge

World Geography 1 The world's largest and highest continent, the world's lowest continent Antarctica, Europe, the world's largest ocean, the Pacific Ocean's smallest Arctic Ocean, the world's longest mountain range, Mount Everest, the highest mountain range in the Andes, the highest plateau in the Himalayas and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Indonesia, the largest archipelagic country in East Asia, has the most remarkable monsoon in the world. Indonesia, the country with the most volcanoes in the world, is called "Volcano Country". 8. Southeast Asia is the world's largest producer of tropical cash crops, such as natural rubber, oil palm, coconut and banana hemp. 9. Oceania, the largest continent in the world and the smallest continent in Asia, 10, the largest continent in the world and the smallest continent in Asia and Europe, Australia, 1 1. The largest country in the world, the most populous country, Russian (1 China, 2 Indian, 3 American) 12, the region with the largest oil reserves (output and output) in the world, Middle East 13, the continent with the largest natural population growth rate in the world (28‰) and the continent with the smallest population growth rate in Europe (3 ‰). Most parts of Europe; The frigid zone of eastern North America, tundra zone and the ice sheet zone, are the four most sparsely populated areas in the world.15; Subhard coniferous forest belt; Undeveloped tropical rain forest belt; Arid desert area. 16, Chinese, the most spoken language in the world, 17, the two largest and longest mountain systems in the world, the Alps and Himalayas and the Cordillera Mountains, and Japan, the largest importer of raw materials in the world. Thailand, the largest Buddhist country in the world, 19, Southeast Asia, the area where Chinese and overseas Chinese are most concentrated, Antarctica, the continent with the richest freshwater resources in the world, 2 1, the continent with the largest number of countries and regions in the world, Africa 22, (Japan) often ranks first and 23rd in the world, and Japan is the highest: A, the largest island, Honshu. The United States 24, the highest in East Asia: A, the largest peninsula, Korean Peninsula B, the largest archipelago, Japanese Archipelago C, the only landlocked country, Mongolia 25, the highest in Southeast Asia: A, the largest plain, Mekong River B, Mekong River C, the largest and most populous country, Indonesia D, the only landlocked country, Laos 26, English 27, the most widely used language in the world, World Environment Day: June 5 every year, calling on all countries in the world to protect it. World Forestry Festival: March 2 1, World Water Day: March 22, World Earth Day: April 22, World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought: June 17, International Day to Protect the Ozone Layer: September 16, World Animal Day: June 65438+April 4 and 28. Kloc-0/ 16558 marine water accounts for 96%H, and now people only use 7/65438+100000 I of the global total water reserves, and now people only use 0.3% of the global total fresh water reserves. 29. Important geographical formula: g, natural population growth rate (‰) = population birth rate (‰)-population mortality rate (‰)K, population density (per capita) The land area of this area is (km2)L, and the temperature drops by 0.6 degrees every elevation 100 m, that is, (-0.6℃//kloc-). Confusable concepts: m, contour line: on the map, connect points with the same altitude, that is, contour line n, isotherm: on the map, connect points with the same air pressure value at the same time, that is, isobar p and isobar; on the map, connect points with the same depth in the ocean, that is, isobar q and isobar; On the map, lines are used to connect points with the same precipitation, that is, isobar 3 1, important geographical boundary (world) 1:R, tropical and isobar. Tropical and (South) temperate (South) Tropic of Cancer S, (North) frigid zone and (North) temperate (North) polar circle, (South) frigid zone and (South) temperate (South) polar circle T, Urals Mountain, ural river Mountain, Grand Caucasus Mountain, Turkish Strait U in Asia and Europe, Suez Canal in Asia and Africa, and Red Sea in Asia and North America. The dividing line between Europe and Africa, the Gibraltar Strait, the Mediterranean Z, Antarctica and South America: Drake Strait 32, the important geographical dividing line (China) 2:a, the dividing line between the first and second terrain steps: Kunlun Mountain-Qilian Mountain-Hengduan Mountain B, the dividing line between the second and third terrain steps: Daxinganling-Taihang Mountain-Wushan-Xuefeng Mountain C, and the dividing line between monsoon area and non-monsoon area: Daxinganling-Yinfeng Mountain. The dividing line between the outflow area and the inflow area: the north-south dividing line between Daxing 'anling and China: Qinling-Huaihe 33. A. To measure whether the population distribution of a country or an area is reasonable and the population density is appropriate depends on the degree of combination and utilization of natural resources and population resources under certain social and historical conditions. C. reflect the abundance and shortage of water resources in a country or region. Usually, the average annual runoff (R) is the main index. Outflowing rivers: P-E-R=△S Inland rivers: P-E=△SD, Chinese, English, Russian, French, Spanish and Arabic are the working languages of the United Nations. 34. The world's largest lake is the Caspian Sea, the world's largest inland lake. Caspian Sea, the largest saltwater lake in the world. Russia, the largest country in the world, and Vatican, the smallest country in the world. 36. Kazakhstan, the largest landlocked country in the world, and Ethiopia, the most populous landlocked country in the world. 37. The Nile, the longest river in the world, is 6600 kilometers long (the Amazon is 6400 kilometers long; ; The Yangtze river is 6300km；; The Mississippi River is 6200 kilometers long. Amazon River, the largest river with the widest basin in the world, has the largest number of cattle in the world.