Fire safety knowledge of the unit in summer

In summer, the climate is hot, there are many thunderstorms and the air humidity is high, which is the high incidence period of all kinds of fire accidents. Therefore, according to the characteristics of summer fires, we should pay close attention to the prevention of high temperature, spontaneous combustion, explosion, electrical fire and lightning strike in our daily life and work to prevent all kinds of fire accidents and effectively protect the lives and property of production equipment, employees and their families. Now let's introduce some summer fire safety knowledge for your reference.

First, the characteristics of summer fires

1, hot and hot, easy to cause fire.

With the arrival of high temperature weather, air conditioners, refrigerators, electric fans and other electrical equipment. Greatly increased, electrical equipment lines are overloaded, power insulation skin is damaged, resulting in short circuit and fire, or electrical motors are wet by water, insulation strength is reduced, resulting in short circuit burning motors, and the temperature of production equipment is increased. Entering summer is also a frequent period of car fires. In addition, under the condition of high temperature, a slight negligence in the production, transportation and storage of dangerous chemicals will lead to a fire.

2, high temperature, rapid spread, easy to form three-dimensional or large-area combustion.

High temperature weather is easy to form strong convective weather, which increases the speed of fire development and spread. In summer, the sunshine is long, the temperature is hot, the precipitation is low, the evaporation is large, the air is dry, the ignition point is low, and it is easy to burn when it meets an open flame. Under the action of radiant heat, the fire will spread to adjacent buildings, forming a three-dimensional or large-scale fire.

3. It is prone to lightning fire.

Thunderstorm weather increases in high temperature season, and the strong lightning generated by lightning is easy to cause fires in buildings, combustible gases, forests and so on.

4. It is difficult to put out the fire, which is easy to cause casualties.

The weather is hot, and the rescued people are easily agitated, which is easy to happen if they are not rescued in time.

Jump off a building, etc , causing casualties.

Second, the fire safety precautions at work

1, maintenance or hygiene rags and flammable items should be recycled in time. If it is placed at random under high temperature, it is easy to cause fire.

2. High-risk articles should be preserved and stored in accordance with safety regulations, checked and cleaned regularly, the fire source cut off, and ventilated in time as required.

3. Check the aging wires, cables and machinery that may cause fire and explosion on time, resolutely replace the equipment to be replaced, and keep flammable items away from wires and cables.

4, strengthen the safety management of fire control facilities, improve the fire control facilities maintenance, patrol inspection system, to ensure that fire control facilities are in good condition.

5. Conduct special inspection on fire safety in summer for office area, installation area and cargo storage area in time.

6, strictly implement the hot work safety management procedures.

7. Lightning activities are frequent in summer, and special lightning protection activities should be regularly inspected to ensure that major hazard sources, equipment and building grounding facilities are in good condition and effectively prevent the impact of lightning.

Three. Precautions for fire prevention outside work

(A), family fire prevention measures

1. Teach children not to play with fire and electrical equipment.

2, don't throw cigarette butts, don't smoke in bed.

3. Don't connect wires randomly, and don't replace circuit fuses with copper and iron wires.

4. Don't leave people when lighting with naked flame, and don't look for things with naked flame.

5. Before leaving home or going to bed, check whether the electrical appliances are cut off, whether the gas valve is closed and whether the open flame is extinguished.

Put out.

6. In case of gas leakage, quickly close the gas source valve, open the doors and windows for ventilation, do not touch the electrical switch and use naked flame, and promptly notify the professional maintenance department for handling.

7. Don't dump liquefied residual liquid at will.

8. Don't store more than 0.5 liters of gasoline, alcohol, banana oil and other inflammable and explosive articles at home.

9, don't pile up sundry in the corridor, stairs, etc., to ensure the smooth passage and exit.

10, all chargers can't be used for a long time. Even if no one is here, let the chargers still work.

1 1. Learn fire safety knowledge, learn to use fire extinguishers, and save yourself and others in case of fire.

(2) Common sense of fire prevention in summer

1, the decoration materials should be carefully selected, and the paint should be kept away from fire sources.

Non-combustible or flame-retardant materials should be used for interior decoration, and the electrical wiring should be laid reasonably. When painting, doors and windows should be opened in time to discharge combustible gas. Don't smoke or use fire in the paint room. The exposed power cord should be wrapped with insulating tape to avoid leakage or short circuit.

2. Fire fighting equipment is a treasure, and motor vehicles are indispensable.

Automobile spontaneous combustion is generally caused by short circuit or oil leakage of wires in the car, and the short circuit of wires in the car is mostly caused by man. For example, the wiring harness in the car is baked at high temperature for a long time, and the temperature rises in summer, which accelerates the aging, hardening and falling off of the wiring harness insulator, causing the wiring harness to be exposed and easily leading to short circuit. In addition, the aging of the automobile oil inlet pipe, the aging of the electric gasoline pump harness and the failure of the relay can also easily lead to automobile spontaneous combustion. In hot summer, motor vehicles are overloaded for a long time, and the engine is seriously polluted by engine oil. In addition, due to the rising temperature, hot weather and poor ventilation in summer, spontaneous combustion occurs from time to time. Therefore, we should pay attention to the normal maintenance and repair of vehicles, equip them with special fire extinguishers, and do not put gas lighters and clean air on the dashboard.

New chemicals, mosquito killers and other items that are easy to explode and cause fire after being heated and expanded.

3. Don't panic when the electrical appliance is on fire. Turn off the power first and then put out the fire.

In summer, domestic electricity consumption increased sharply. If the TV, induction cooker and other household appliances catch fire, don't splash water on them. Turn off the power first, and then put out the fire with dry powder fire extinguisher or carbon dioxide fire extinguisher. In case of emergency, you can also cover the appliance with soaked bedding to achieve the purpose of suffocation and fire extinguishing.

4, wire laying to safety, private pull disorderly pick up disaster.

There are many kinds of electrical lines and complicated laying, so no one should pull the wires at will. If the line needs to be maintained or modified, a professional electrician with professional qualifications should be found to operate it. When laying electrical pipelines, the wires should be protected by fire pipes, and the exposed parts of the wires should be wrapped with insulating tape to prevent fire.

5. Check the power supply line frequently, and turn on the switch if there is a short circuit or fire.

It is hot and rainy in summer, so it is necessary to regularly check the power cord, power connector and switch in the production and living quarters, and replace or fasten them in time if they are exposed, loose or hot. Once the power cord is short-circuited and caught fire, pull down the switch to cut off the power supply and then put out the fire.

6, refueling flammable, mobile phone should be turned off.

Don't use mobile phones and other communication tools in flammable and explosive places such as liquefied gas stations and gas stations, because the connection of mobile phone signals will interfere with the tanker and lead to inaccurate measurement. More seriously, the mobile phone signal vibrates with the electronic oil transportation equipment, and the sparks generated by electronic friction and static electricity can easily detonate volatile oil and gas.

7. Plastic barrels are prone to static electricity, and it is very dangerous to fill gasoline.

When filling up cars at gas stations, some drivers often prepare an extra plastic bucket to hold gasoline, which is very dangerous and strictly prohibited. Because the plastic bucket is insulated, it is easy to generate static electricity when rubbing with gasoline, which will lead to electric sparks and fires.

8, mosquito-repellent incense ignition temperature is high, a little careless easy to catch fire.

On summer nights, more and more people light mosquito-repellent incense to repel mosquitoes. When mosquito-repellent incense is smoldering, the highest temperature of the ignition point can reach 700 ~ 800℃, and the high temperature around the ignition point can reach 130℃, which is enough to ignite mosquito nets, clothes and paper with low ignition point. Therefore, when repelling mosquitoes, people should pay attention to putting the lit mosquito-repellent incense on the metal bracket and putting the bracket in a nonflammable box, and don't get close to flammable materials such as mosquito nets, sheets and clothes. Be careful when using electric mosquito-repellent incense, and pay attention to the power-on time to prevent the electric heater from burning out for too long and causing fire accidents.

Most of the causes of family fires are careless use of household fires and household appliances or improper use of flammable and combustible materials.

Reasons for electrical fire prevention: 1. Choose safe and qualified electrical fire prevention products, and use and operate them correctly.

1, electrical short circuit: due to the damage of the insulation layer of the line, the short circuit of the conductor produces strong sparks, which leads to the ignition of combustible materials.

2. Overload: Because the electricity consumption of the electrical appliances turned on at the same time exceeds the safe value of the conductor, the conductor will heat up and cause a fire.

3. Leakage: Leakage will generate sparks and cause fire.

4, poor line contact, fever or lighter, causing a fire.

Mention:

In case of electrical fire or electric shock accident, emergency rescue should be implemented immediately:

1, turn off the power switch and cut off the power supply;

2. Use fine soil, sandy soil, carbon tetrachloride or 12 1 1 fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire. Do not use water to put out electrical fires, so as to avoid electric shock accidents.

Fires that water can't put out are:

1, alkali metals cannot be extinguished with water. Because water will decompose after reacting with alkali metals (such as potassium and sodium).

Hydrogen is produced and a lot of heat is released, which is easy to cause explosion.

2, alkali metal carbide, alkali metal hydride can't be preserved with water. For example, potassium carbide, sodium carbide, aluminum carbide and calcium carbide, potassium hydride and magnesium hydride react with water, releasing a lot of heat, which may cause fire and explosion.

3, lighter than water and insoluble in water ethylene liquid, in principle, can't be put out with water.

4. Hot metal and molten steel can't be put out with water, because the temperature of hot metal and molten steel is about 1600 degrees Celsius, and when water vapor is above 1000 degrees Celsius, it will decompose hydrogen and oxygen, which may cause explosion.

5, three acids (sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid) can't use concentrated water, spray water can be used when necessary.

6, high voltage electrical equipment on fire, in the case of equipment without good grounding or cut off the current, generally can't use water.

(3), the use of various fire extinguishers:

1, foam extinguisher is used to put out fires caused by gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil and wood. Its use method is: hold the lifting ring in one hand and the bottom in the other, turn the fire extinguisher upside down and shake it a few times, and the foam will come out. Be careful not to spray the fire extinguisher on people, do not open the cylinder head, and do not spray with water.

2. Dry powder fire extinguisher is a general fire extinguishing equipment, which is used to put out the initial fire of petroleum and its products, combustible gas and electrical facilities. When in use, hold the nozzle with one hand, aim at the fire source, and lift the pull ring upward with the other hand, which will spray a thick powder mist, cover the burning area and put out the fire. Dry powder fire extinguishers should pay attention to moisture and sun protection to prevent air leakage. Check once every six months. Powder and air should be refilled after each use.

3. Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers are mainly used to put out the initial fires of expensive equipment, files, instruments, electrical equipment below 600 volts and oil. When using, first lift the fire extinguisher to the fire site, put it down, pull out the safety pin, hold the handle at the root of the horn in one hand and the pressure handle of the switch valve in the other. For carbon dioxide fire extinguishers without spray hose, the horn should be pulled up 70-90 degrees.

When using, you can't directly grasp the outer wall of the horn or the metal connecting pipe with your hands to prevent your hands from being frostbitten. When using carbon dioxide fire extinguishers outdoors, you should choose to spray in the upwind direction; If it is used in a narrow indoor space, the operator should leave quickly after fire fighting to prevent suffocation.

(4), fire emergency measures

1, in case of fire, don't panic. If the fire is not big, use simple fire extinguishing equipment quickly and take effective measures to control and put out the fire. If the fire is large, call the fire alarm number 1 19 quickly. When calling the police, it is necessary to explain the detailed address, fire location, fire substance, fire size, name and telephone number of the alarm person, and send someone to meet the fire truck at the intersection.

2. I usually think about several escape routes in different directions.

3. To escape in the thick smoke, try to put down your body and cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel.

4. Avoid fireworks, and don't drill in the attic, under the bed or in the wooden cabinet.

5. Make full use of the skylight, balcony, downspout and bamboo poles in the house to escape and save themselves.

6. If the escape route is blocked by fire, immediately return to the room, close the doors and windows, block the gap, and water the doors and windows conditionally.

7. Don't jump blindly. You can use ladders or tear sheets into strips to connect them and fix them on doors, windows or heavy objects for easy sliding down.

8. Don't cling to your things. Leave the fire as soon as possible. If you run away from the fire, don't come back.

9. If the upstairs is surrounded by fire, throw soft objects such as sofa cushions and pillows and other small items outdoors, and send out a distress signal with a flashlight at night.

10, if you are on fire, don't run, roll around and crush the flame.

1 1. If the fire is not big, don't make a decisive decision. Put on wet clothes or wet blankets and bedding and rush out bravely, but don't put on a plastic raincoat.

12. The oil pan is on fire, so you can't splash water to put out the fire. You should turn off the gas valve of the stove, cover it directly or cover it with a wet rag to suffocate the fire. You can also put the cut vegetables into the pot to cool and extinguish the fire.

13. When the gas tank is on fire, cover it with soaked bedding and clothes, and quickly close the valve.

14, household appliances or lines are on fire, first cut off the power supply, and then use dry powder or gas fire extinguisher to put out the fire. Don't throw water directly to put out the fire, in order to prevent electric shock or electric explosion from hurting people.

15, don't rush to open doors and windows when putting out the fire, so as to avoid air convection accelerating the spread of the fire.

Summer unit fire safety knowledge [2]

In summer, the climate is hot, there are many thunderstorms and the air humidity is high, which is the high incidence period of all kinds of fire accidents. Therefore, according to the characteristics of summer fire, we should pay close attention to the work of preventing high temperature, spontaneous combustion, explosion, electrical fire and lightning strike in our daily life and work, so as to prevent all kinds of fire accidents and effectively protect the lives and property of production devices and employees.

1, maintenance or hygiene rags and flammable items should be recycled in time. If it is placed at random under high temperature, it is easy to cause fire.

2. High-risk articles should be preserved and stored in accordance with safety regulations, checked and cleaned regularly, the fire source cut off, and ventilated in time as required.

3. Check the aging wires, cables and machinery that may cause fire and explosion on time, resolutely replace the equipment to be replaced, and keep flammable items away from wires and cables.

4, strengthen the safety management of fire control facilities, improve the fire control facilities maintenance, patrol inspection system, to ensure that fire control facilities are in good condition.

5. Conduct special inspection on fire safety in summer for office area, installation area and cargo storage area in time.

6, strictly implement the hot work safety management procedures.

7. Lightning activities are frequent in summer, so special lightning protection activities should be checked regularly to ensure that major hazard sources, equipment and buildings have complete and effective grounding facilities.

Prevent the influence of lightning.

2065438+June 24th, 2005