The reason of large temperature difference between north and south in China.

The reasons for the large temperature difference between north and south in China are as follows.

I. Geographical factors

1, latitude difference:

China has a great latitude span from north to south, ranging from 4 degrees north latitude to 53 degrees north latitude, with a total of 54 latitudes. This has caused obvious differences in solar radiation intensity and sunshine time between the north and the south.

The northern region is close to the North Pole, with high latitude, short sunshine time and small solar altitude angle, so the solar radiation energy obtained is relatively less and the temperature is lower. The southern latitude is lower, the solar altitude angle is larger, the sunshine time is longer, the solar radiation energy is relatively more, and the temperature is higher.

2. Terrain:

The topography of the south and the north of China is quite different. There are many plateaus, mountains and hills in the northern region, and the surface is bare and the vegetation coverage rate is low, which makes the heat radiated by the sun in the northern region unable to be effectively stored or transmitted during the day. However, there are many plains and basins in the south, where the surface is relatively flat and the vegetation coverage is high, which is conducive to storing and transferring heat.

Second, climate factors.

1, monsoon climate:

China is located in the East Asian monsoon region, with a remarkable monsoon climate. In winter, the northern region is controlled by Mongolian high pressure, and cold and dry air blows from the mainland to the ocean, resulting in low temperature in the northern region.

However, the southern region is less affected by the winter wind and the temperature is relatively high. In summer, the southern region is greatly influenced by the summer monsoon, and humid air blows from the ocean to the land, bringing abundant precipitation to the southern region. However, the northern region is less affected by the dry summer monsoon, with less precipitation and relatively high temperature.

2. Climate change:

In recent years, global warming has aroused widespread concern. The climate in our country is also changing. According to the National Climate Center, the average temperature in China has increased by 1.38 degrees Celsius since 195 1.

This climate change has an impact on the temperature difference between north and south. On the one hand, global warming causes the temperature rise in the northern region to be greater than that in the southern region, which narrows the temperature difference between the north and the south. On the other hand, global warming has also led to an increase in extreme weather events such as cold wave and high temperature, which has an impact on the temperature difference between north and south.

Third, human factors.

1, energy consumption:

With the development of economy and the improvement of people's living standards, China's energy consumption is increasing year by year. Due to the heavy industry and high energy consumption of heating in winter in the northern region, the greenhouse gas emissions in the northern region are high. The emission of greenhouse gases will lead to global warming and affect the temperature difference between north and south.

2. Urban heat island effect;

Urban heat island effect refers to the effect that the temperature in the center of the city is higher than that in the surrounding areas. With the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous expansion of city scale, the urban heat island effect is gradually enhanced. The high temperature in the city center makes the temperature drop in the surrounding areas of the city smaller, narrowing the temperature difference between the north and the south.

Four. conclusion

The large temperature difference between north and south in China is mainly due to the interaction of geographical factors, climate factors and human factors. Among them, latitude difference, topography and monsoon climate are the main natural factors, while energy consumption and urban heat island effect are the main human factors. These factors interact and influence each other, making the temperature difference between north and south complex and changeable.

Under the background of global warming, the change of temperature difference between north and south has also attracted widespread attention. On the one hand, global warming causes the temperature difference between north and south to decrease; On the other hand, the increase of extreme weather events also makes the temperature difference between north and south uncertain.

Therefore, in order to better understand the reasons for the large temperature difference between north and south and its future trend, it is necessary to strengthen research work in related fields, improve the quality and accuracy of observation data, and strengthen cooperation and exchanges between different fields.