The weather forecast can predict the weather in 15 days. What does it rely on?

The weather forecast we see is a forecast that meteorologists collect a large amount of data such as atmosphere, wind direction and atmospheric water content through meteorological radar and meteorological satellites, and then calculate by supercomputer according to the atmospheric equation in meteorology. Therefore, people can predict the weather for half a month or even a month based on their understanding of atmospheric principles, but the accuracy has not reached 100% due to the limited understanding at present.

0 1. Weather radar

If you browse the weather forecast websites such as official website, you will find a radar map, and the tool used is the weather radar. Meteorological radar uses radio waves to detect the atmospheric conditions in the farthest distance of 100 km. It has four bands, which can detect the weather in a short time and judge whether it is sunny, precipitation, rainstorm or hail. Weather radar is the most important means to detect whether there is bad weather in a short time, such as heavy precipitation and typhoon.

02. Meteorological satellites

There must be a satellite map in the weather forecast, and its source is the meteorological satellite around the earth. As a new science and technology, meteorological satellite has powerful functions, which can observe the operation of the earth's atmosphere from the outside and judge the weather changes from a more overall position. Moreover, meteorological satellite can take hundreds of meteorological pictures in just one second, which greatly enriches meteorological data and accurately predicts the results. It is one of the most dependent tools in contemporary meteorology.

China leads the world in meteorological satellites, especially? Fengyun family? , namely Fengyun No.1 to Fengyun No.4, not only provide meteorological data for China, but also serve the world. Among them, Fengyun-1 and Fengyun-2 are semi-retired, and the meteorological cloud pictures we saw mainly come from the most advanced Chang 'e-4.

03. Meteorological equation

It is not enough to have data, but also to use these data to draw conclusions. At this time, it is time for mathematics to show its talents. Meteorologists have discovered the laws of atmospheric operation in long-term research and summed them up by mathematical means such as equations. Then with the emergence of supercomputers that can perform hundreds of millions of operations in one second, meteorologists use them to process these data and get a relatively high-precision forecast result, which is the weather forecast we see.