Cultivation techniques of Lentinus edodes in summer

Lentinus edodes is the second largest edible fungus in the world and one of the famous edible fungi in China. So how do you grow mushrooms in summer? The following are the summer mushroom cultivation techniques I have carefully arranged for you. Let's have a look.

Cultivation techniques of summer mushroom 1, differences between summer mushroom and winter mushroom in production: The differences between summer mushroom cultivation and winter mushroom cultivation can be summarized as follows: apart from seasonal differences, it is more important to choose simple shed type to reduce costs, choose suitable varieties to adapt to high temperature environment, improve placement form and set cooling irrigation ditches. The mushroom bed surface is buried underground, which reduces the risk of cultivation. The function of greenhouse has changed from the heating and insulation facilities of mushrooms in winter to the cooling and shading facilities.

2. Arrangement of cultivation season: During the cultivation season, materials such as sawdust, bran, strains and fungus bags should be mastered. It should have been planned before the first year of freezing. Rod-making began in mid-March, and after more than two months of fungus growth, mushrooms can be grown on the bed in early June.

3, greenhouse buildings and related facilities:

① Determining a reasonable shed type is the key to the success or failure of mushroom production in summer, because summer mushrooms grow in high temperature season, and heat preservation is not the main factor, but the main purpose is to cool down. Practice has proved that the simple cold shed has good ventilation conditions and convenient ventilation around it, which has stronger advantages than the solar greenhouse. First of all, it is easy to build, use local materials, reduce costs, and is widely used by mushroom producers.

② Length-width ratio: the length can be 30-50m according to local conditions; It is too long. Because the transportation of raw materials is inconvenient, it is recommended not to take too long. The width is generally 6- 10 meter, which is too wide to cover grass. Note: aprons that can be opened and closed for ventilation must be set around the greenhouse.

(3) Straw curtain: In order to reduce the cost, we advocate covering the mushroom shed with straw curtain for shading and cooling, which is more conducive to obtaining a dark mushroom environment.

(4) sunshade net, except the grass curtain for mushroom production shed mentioned above, all mushroom production sheds need sunshade net for shading, which greatly reduces the investment; Sunshade nets should also be hung at both ends of the greenhouse vent and greenhouse, and the awnings at both ends should cover more than 1.5 meters to block the strong direct sunlight in the morning and afternoon.

⑤ Irrigation canal, another facility for mushroom production in summer is irrigation canal. On the one hand, the function of irrigation canal provides a humid environment suitable for mushroom growth in greenhouse, on the other hand, irrigation reduces the temperature and creates a good microclimate in the field. Irrigation canals can be built on walkways, and irrigation and mushroom picking share a channel.

⑥ Sprinkler facilities: In addition to irrigation canals, sprinkler irrigation facilities should be set on mushroom beds to replenish water for mushroom sticks in production. At present, there is a plug-in sprinkler irrigation equipment which is practical and can be used by everyone.

4. Variety selection. The most important thing for the success of summer mushroom is variety selection. Summer mushroom should adopt high temperature or wide temperature varieties. At present, the more successful varieties are: Xiagu 288, which has high temperature resistance, good mushroom shape and high commodity value.

5. Formula of cultivation materials. At present, there are many raw materials for producing mushrooms. You can use local materials according to specific conditions and master them flexibly. Here are only two commonly used formulas for you:

① sawdust 1800kg, wheat bran 200kg, calcium superphosphate 20kg, urea 3kg, lime powder 20kg and gypsum powder 10kg. Lentinus edodes special additive 1 kg.

② Take 1000 as an example: sawdust 1500 kg, wheat bran 200 kg, nutrients 10 bag of gypsum powder 12 kg.

6, bag size: bag size: generally can choose to fold the diameter of 20cm? 42 cm polyethylene bag.

7. Mushroom bed form: A safe way to produce mushrooms in summer is to bury them in a single layer. It is best to put three rows in each mushroom bed, which is about 1.5 meters wide, because people on both sides can reach them when picking mushrooms.

8. make the bed: make the bed according to the above method: three rows are the width of a mushroom bed. Before the mushroom sticks go to bed, loosen the soil of the mushroom bed about 10cm, then pour enough water into the bed ditch, and then snuggle the taken mushroom sticks in the soil one by one, so that the soil can fill the gap and help to keep water.

9. Water resources management. The biggest difference between cultivating mushrooms in summer and winter is water management. After making the bed, always irrigate the bed ditch. Its purpose is to adjust the temperature and humidity in the shed to achieve the effect of cooling and humidifying. Generally, it is necessary to master less watering or no watering on cloudy days. When the temperature is high on a sunny day, it is necessary to water running water more than twice, and it is usually enough to water once a day or two. In addition to irrigating the bed ditch water, it is also necessary to spray water on the fungus stick every day to keep moisture. Attention should be paid when spraying water: spray less after mushroom, and it is not advisable to spray too much water for too long at a time, and the time can be controlled at about two minutes.

The key points of mushroom cultivation in summer are that the mushroom growth period is in the high temperature season, which is not conducive to the growth and development of fruiting bodies. Poor management is prone to bud withering and mushroom rot.

When the temperature in the shed rises in summer, the shade shed should be covered with thatch and branches to avoid direct sunlight. The light source only depends on the weak light passing through the gap of the grass curtain around the shed wall, which is generally controlled in? One yin and nine yang? So that the whole mushroom planting greenhouse is in a dark state.

No matter what kind of culture method. Summer mushrooms enter the fruiting body growth period, and the film covering the bed in the early stage should not be tightly covered. In the case of 1 shed or 2-3 shed, the surrounding membrane must be rolled away from the bed surface by more than 30 cm to make the air between beds unobstructed.

In summer, the growth speed of Lentinus edodes is relatively fast, from mushroom bud to fruiting is generally 1-2 days, and it is completed in half a day when the temperature is high. Therefore, 1 day is 1 time, and the flowering period is 1 time in the morning and evening, and the fresh-keeping exported mushrooms are harvested four times a day. If it takes a few hours to open the umbrella, it does not meet the export standards for preservation, which is very different from the conventional one.