After reading Chinese Expeditionary Force, I admire Han Shaogong. I wonder if there is such a person in the history of China?

Han Shaogong, the hero of the hit TV series China Expeditionary Force. Played by Huang Zhizhong, he is a colonel officer who has experienced various battles and a representative of the combat hero of the Expeditionary Force.

The TV series of the Expeditionary Force has been misread. The army is not a group of people, but there is something hidden behind the defeat.

Looking for the prototype 200 division without Han Shaogong

Trace the origin of the army

This expedition is not another expedition.

The title of "Chinese Expeditionary Force" comes from the collective name of China's troops fighting the Japanese in Myanmar and western Yunnan. However, judging from the formation of China's army at that time, it is impossible for the film to cover all the participating troops.

After the outbreak of the Pacific War, China, the United States and Britain began to put the Chinese expeditionary force into Myanmar on the official agenda. However, at the beginning, all parties used more words to enter the Burmese army. 1942 March 12, the first general headquarters of Chinese Expeditionary Force was formally established, and "Chinese Expeditionary Force" became the official name of our army.

General Dai Anlan's 200th division belongs to the 5th Army, the main force of the Expeditionary Force. General Sun Liren's new 38th Division belongs to the 66th Army.

After our army failed for the first time in Myanmar, our troops withdrew to India and China respectively. The troops evacuated to India were later reorganized into China's troops stationed in India. After injecting new troops, they were organized into two armies.

The troops stationed in India are the main force of our army's counterattack against northern Myanmar. Among them, only the new 38th Division and the new 22nd Division participated in the first operation in Myanmar. These two troops were the absolute main force of our army in the subsequent counter-offensive in northern Myanmar, sweeping across northern Myanmar and being unstoppable.

Counterattacking North Myanmar is actually a "force stationed in India".

The 200 th Division where Han Shaogong, the hero of the TV series, is located, was placed under the command of the newly formed Chinese Expeditionary Force. After reorganization, the Expeditionary Force was expanded into five armies, 16 division, which was the main force of 1944 counter-offensive in western Yunnan.

However, the 200 th Division failed to reproduce its former glory in the counterattack in western Yunnan, nor did it participate in the famous Songshan Campaign. According to the statistics of "Overview of the Various Ministries of the Expeditionary Force", the 200 th Division mainly participated in the battle to recover Longling in the counter-offensive in western Yunnan, with little loss. Up to 1944, 12, 3 1, the 200th division suffered more than 3,200 casualties, not too many in the participating troops.

Therefore, judging from the establishment of the Chinese army at that time, the expeditionary force refers to the troops that participated in the first Burma war or the counterattack in western Yunnan. To tell the story of North Myanmar's counterattack, it would be more accurate to use the word "troops stationed in India".

Docking prototype

None of the three heads of the 200 Division is Han Shaogong.

According to the war history of the Expeditionary Force, the 200th Division that entered Myanmar had three main regiments, namely Zheng Tingyi, head of the 598th Regiment, Liu, head of the 599th Regiment, and head of the 600th Regiment.

On the way back to China, the expeditionary force led the 599th regiment as a defender, and was ambushed by the Japanese army and killed. Zheng Tinglai, head of the 598th regiment, was also the commander of the division and infantry regiment at that time. After Dai Anlan's sacrifice, he served as the teacher in June 1942. Liu Shaofeng later served as the deputy commander of the 200 th Division. Therefore, from the resume, people who hold important positions in the 200 th Division and the 38 th Division like Han Shaogong do not exist.

However, the transformation from the 200th Division to the new 38th Division coincides with the shift of the focus of China's military operations in Myanmar. The first time we fought in Burma, the 200th Division was the protagonist of two major events: the Tonggu War and savage mountain's retreat. In the second operation in Myanmar, the experience of the 200 th Division was relatively simple, while the new 38 th Division brought into play the power of China's army, which was undoubtedly the focus of Myanmar's operations. Therefore, the TV series designed such a legendary resume for Han Shaogong, more to fully and completely show the combat experience of China's army entering Myanmar twice.

Evaluate allies

The fleeing British army is really "not strong"

There is such a plot in the TV series "Chinese Expeditionary Force". Xie, who was in Chongqing, found it really hard for the British to count on it. Because of people's selfishness and national interests, our army should make plans early. But Xie's suggestion was laughed at by his boss and colleagues.

Britain's performance in the Burma campaign was really amazing. On the one hand, the British-Burmese army with advanced equipment was driven away by the Japanese army everywhere, and on the other hand, it tried every means to prevent the China army from entering Myanmar for the war of resistance. After having to ask for reinforcements from China, it planned for itself everywhere, at the expense of our army to save itself.

However, for the British allies' lack of strength, in fact, the senior officials of the China government and the army had learned a lesson long before Myanmar entered the war. Instead of what is said in the play, Xie is high and low.

In a meeting with the British side at the end of February 194 1, Xie's "big boss" and then Minister of National Defense even turned red with the British side, saying that "China is willing to return all the materials leased in Myanmar to the United States and stop the cooperation between China, Britain and Myanmar". Chiang Kai-shek also ordered the mobilized fifth and sixth legions not to enter Myanmar for the time being.

China's dissatisfaction with this ally is evident. In fact, due to the British's non-cooperation, after three mobilizations, our army was able to gradually enter Myanmar for more than two months after the war, that is, in February and March of 1942.

Asking China for help is actually abandoning Myanmar and protecting India.

Materials are still a minor problem, and the British side is more worried that turning to China's army for help will affect Britain's continued rule over Myanmar after the war. Therefore, while seeking China's help, Britain decided on the strategy of "abandoning Myanmar and protecting India".

China was asked to send troops not so much to defend Myanmar as to cover the British withdrawal to India. The so-called bystander is clear. At this point, the Japanese see the British very clearly. The History of the Great East Asian War compiled by the Japanese army pointed out that "the wily Britain is only a consumable with the Chongqing Army and Indian soldiers in Malaysia and Hong Kong."

After the first defeat in Myanmar, Lin Wei, head of the Staff Committee of the Expeditionary Force, wrote a report entitled "The Course of the Burma War and the Causes of Failure", in which he painstakingly described the adverse influence of the British side on our army in the Burma War.

Lin Wei pointed out that there are three main reasons for the defeat of our expeditionary force, namely: the main forces of the 5 th and 6 th armies entered Myanmar too slowly, so that they missed the fighters; The British side has no overall planning and operational plan, and it also requires our army to use troops one after another and cannot concentrate its troops; Britain's reckless command of our army. The report pointed out that the three reasons for the defeat were all related to the British.

Click on the Japanese army

How come Makiko Tanaka, who has a bad temper, has no temper?

The Japanese Army 18 Division is the old rival of our army in the previous two Burma operations. Known as the "king of jungle warfare", this unit had its footprint when it landed in Yangon and occupied Mandalay. After the fall of the whole territory of Myanmar, 18 division was responsible for the defense of northern Myanmar, which happened to confront our troops stationed in India.

Xinyi Tanaka, head of the 18 division, is also considered a "cow" in the Japanese army. Before coming to Myanmar, Makiko Tanaka served as the Minister of Operations in the General Staff of the Central Organ of Japan. This man has a bad temper and often fights with his colleagues. Even because of the requisition of civilian ships, I had a big fight with tojo hideki, then Japanese Prime Minister and Minister of the Army. At that time, Tanaka was in a hurry and swore at Tojo, calling it "myna Yalu River" and was rushed to Myanmar the next day.

It is such a cow that dares to scold the Prime Minister, who was beaten out of the water by General Sun Liren's army in the battle of Hukang River basin. In the Battle of Mengguan, the 18 division lost more than 10,000 people, and Shinichi Tanaka himself was driven into savage mountain by our army, and he escaped after suffering enough. The seal of the 18 division headquarters was also seized by our armored forces. This time, the grumpy Tanaka got angry. According to statistics, the 18 Division fought in Myanmar for four years and lost more than 30,000 troops, most of which were wiped out by our troops stationed in India.

This edition/Reporter Zheng Yang Cartography/Zhou Liming Wen Jian

Qiu Shanshan, a deputy to the National People's Congress, suggested at the two sessions of the National People's Congress a few days ago to search for the remains of the Chinese expeditionary force's anti-Japanese war martyrs and welcome the undead to return home. Qiu Shanshan said that the expeditionary force made great sacrifices for the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, and the country should not forget it. Today, this newspaper launched seven editions of planning to show you the story behind the expeditionary force.

People who like watching Chinese expeditionary forces often have some questions. Does "Colonel Company Commander" Han Shaogong really exist? How could the British empire, which is known as the sun never sets, collapse in front of the Japanese army? Where did the Japanese army against the expeditionary force come from?

In order to restore these histories, the reporter recently came to China's Second Historical Archives on Zhongshan East Road in Nanjing. It used to be the former site of Nanjing National Government, just a few miles from the Presidential Palace. It is the place with the richest collection of historical archives in China during the Republic of China.

Here, the reporter consulted a lot of precious historical materials about China's military actions in Myanmar, and also found many historical facts that were omitted or misread in TV dramas.

Sequence of Chinese Expeditionary Force's First Entry into Myanmar

Commander, sir

Wei (agent du)

The Fifth Army of Yu Ming

Liao Yaoxiang, the new 22nd division.

Yu Shao, 96th Division.

Dai Anlan 200 Division

Ganli Chu, 6th Army

49 Shi Peng Bi Sheng

93 rd division Lu

Chen, the 55th division.

Zhang Ke 66th Army

New 28th Division Liu Bolong New 29th Division Ma Xin 38th Division

Zhang Ke

Ganli' ao

Wei Li Huang

Du Yu Ming

Edit this "combination of reality and reality" to restore the group image of the expeditionary force.

As many as 300,000 people went to the expeditionary force one after another. How to embody the soldiers who fought bloody battles in a TV series? Qiu's approach is "the combination of reality and reality". Chief of General Staff Stilwell, commander of the fifth army of Du, commander of the 200th division, and commander of the newly compiled 38th division, all these objectively existing generals in history, Qiu recorded them truthfully. Those unknown veterans who can't even find their bodies are concentrated on Han Shaogong, Daqin, Yao Erlin and carpenters in the form of group images.

Real people

Sun Liren (Zhang Fengyi)

Degree of reduction: ★★★★★

According to historical records, yenangyaung's triumph made Sun Liren famous and won the trust and respect of British and American generals. However, it was later suspected to be a "pro-American faction" and was eventually banned. Liu Ye, one of the heroes of the battle of Ren 'anqiang and the captain of the team, was dissatisfied with his chief. Since then, the credit for yenangyaung's victory has been claimed by others, making this period of history chaotic. Only in recent years, after re-excavation and research, the truth of this history can be reproduced.

Playback: Du He's dialogue in Expeditionary Force. Du warned that going to China would humiliate Indian soldiers, but said that this would never happen. The TV series designed a classic line: "Dignity is in your heart, and others can't take it away." In a word, Sun Liren's character not only showed, but also touched the audience. Sun Liren, played by ZhangFeng yi, is the second role after Han Shaogong. The play highlights his calmness and courage in the war, his keenness and boldness in tactics, and his cleverness and self-esteem in dealing with problems. In yenangyaung's victory, the series repositioned Yenangyaung as a rational person who made decisions through intelligence and assessment of the situation, rather than an emotional general who was desperate to save lives.

Dai Anlan (Yongge Xu)

Reduction degree: ★★★★★★★

Historical Records: Dai Anlan's deeds are rarely recorded in historical records, and his people are even less known. Known as "Whampoa English, a national hero", Dai Anlan graduated from the third phase of Whampoa Military Academy and is famous for his bravery. 1May, 942 16, when Dai Anlan retreated, he was seriously injured in the fierce battle with the Japanese army and fell into a coma. One day, Dai Anlan woke up from a coma and muttered, "Fight back! Fight back! " Another way of saying it is that he pointed to the direction of the motherland and shouted "long live the motherland". From then on, the anti-Japanese star fell, only 38 years old.

Replay: In the play, Yongge Xu shows Dai Anlan's three aspects: tender feelings of loving soldiers like children, wisdom of using soldiers like gods, and loyalty after death. These characteristics, set off by the tragic ending of the first battle in Myanmar, are even more tragic-the sacrifice of General Dai Anlan, including injury, serious illness and the regrettable death of his finger in the north, has become the biggest emotional tear point of the play. If Sun Liren is the representative of the new American soldiers of the Chinese Expeditionary Force, then General Dai Anlan is the representative of the Huangpu soldiers. This TV play not only emphasizes Dai Anlan's loyalty and blood, but also shows his brilliant side from his suicide note and poems to his wife.

Stilwell (Zubolenko Nikolai)

Reduction degree: ★★★★★★★

Historical records: General Joseph Warren Stilwell (1883— 1946), American general. 1904 graduated from West Point Military Academy. He served in the US military stationed in the Philippines, and then served as an instructor in the West Point Military Academy. During this period, he first came to China on 19 1 1. Participated in the first world war. During the period of 1920- 1939, he came to China for many times and served as the battalion commander of the 15 infantry regiment of the US Army in Tianjin and the military attache of the China Embassy. Because of his straightforward attitude and sharp words, he was nicknamed "Vlnegar Joe".

Replay: Stilwell is much gentler in the play, and his vitriolic character is not shown much. Although he also said the famous saying that General China was hopeless in the play, it was more manifested as an image of a mediocre foreign military commander who didn't understand China soldiers and China politics. He trusted the British army too much, underestimated the war situation, and clashed with Sun Liren in the appointment of officers. His way of thinking based entirely on his own interests is almost a villain in the eyes of the audience. However, the TV series also shows his love and appreciation for junior officers in China, his approachable personality and his spare no effort to praise the soldiers of the national army, which also shows a comprehensive performance.

the man in the moon

Xie (Liu)

Compared with Han Shaogong's purity, Liu's Xie represents some soldiers who have lost their essence. This is the exposure of the dark side of the Kuomintang army in TV series. When soldiers began to care about the gains and losses of interests and tried to walk sideways, they deviated from the normal track as soldiers. Compared with Han Shaogong, Xie's character is more complicated and contradictory. His opposite play with Han Shaogong and the collision of two different ideas constitute one of the highlights of the play. Liu played this role delicately and credibly, with full personality.

Wen Yang (Hao Baijie)

A fictional character brings out a big historical event, which is one of the story features of Chinese Expeditionary Force. Like Qin Daling, Wen Yang, a survivor of the Nanjing Massacre, has the same northeast identity, which is a sign that the drama tries to cover all the anti-Japanese people in China. He was a witness to the despicable use of poison gas by the Japanese army in the Burma War, and also to the elimination of almost all female soldiers in savage mountain's retreat.

Qin Daling (Zheng Hao)

The Qin Mausoleum can be regarded as a watershed for officers and men. The position is not high or low, deputy company commander; A northeast accent reminds people of the Northeast Army soldiers in the Expeditionary Force. As Han Shaogong's right-hand man, Daqin is a qualified grass-roots officer, rude and upright, with a little comedy. Perhaps in order to highlight the characteristics of Northeast China, his Northeast dialect seems a bit "overexert", but the role is made very cute and likable.

Yao Erlin (Xie Mengwei)

Yao Erlin represented some soldiers in the expeditionary army who had never been on the battlefield and had no military soul. They didn't fight for faith or passion, so they didn't fit in with real soldiers on the battlefield, and even almost got shot for desertion. But they grew up step by step in the war. Such characters make the story of the expeditionary force more credible and more human.