What was the process of starting an army in Taiyuan, Li Shimin? Why did this war lay the foundation for overthrowing the Sui Dynasty and establishing the Tang Dynasty?

At the end of the Sui Dynasty, peasant uprisings surged all over the country, which greatly shook the ruling foundation of the Sui Dynasty, and the collapse of the Sui Dynasty was a foregone conclusion. However, the fruits of the victory of the peasant uprising were used by the landlord group headed by Li Yuan, thus laying the foundation for rebuilding the feudal regime.

In the 11th year of Great Cause (AD 6 15), Yang Di appointed Tang Guogong Li Yuan as the envoy of Hedong Xuanwei, stationed in Taiyuan, and went to Shanxi to suppress the peasant uprising. Li Yuan was born in Longxi (now northwest of Qin 'an, Gansu). He was born in a big noble family, and his grandfather Li Hu helped Yu Wentai to establish political power in Guanzhong. He was one of the Eight Pillars countries in the Western Wei Dynasty and the Northern Zhou Dynasty, and posthumous title Tang Guogong. When Li Yuan was 8 years old, he was knighted with Tang Guogong. After Tang gaozu was promoted to stay in Taiyuan, some children of Guandong imperial clan took refuge in Tang gaozu in order to escape military service in Liaodong. Some officials in Hedong saw that the Sui Dynasty was gone, and they broke away from the rulers of the Sui Dynasty one after another, constantly persuading Li Yuan to take the opportunity to arise and establish a new dynasty.

Li Shimin, the second son of Tang Gaozu, was the main planner of Taiyuan Uprising. Liu Wenjing, the magistrate of Jinyang County, analyzed the situation at that time and said to Li Shimin, "Now Yang Di is far away in Jianghuai, and Shi Mi is besieging Luoyang, and there are tens of thousands of rebels everywhere. In this case, it would be a piece of cake if someone stood up and called for help. Today, taking advantage of the virtual entry into the customs and ordering the world can achieve the imperial industry. " Therefore, Li Shimin began to secretly prepare his troops.

At that time, Tang Gaozu failed to fight against the Turks, and Yang Di prepared to recruit him to Jiangdu (now Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province) for punishment. Li Shimin took the opportunity to persuade Tang Gaozu to arise. "Now the emperor Yang Di is dissolute, and the people are trapped and poor. Outside Taiyuan, smoke is already rolling. If you only know loyalty to the Sui Dynasty, you are worried that you will not be able to quell the peasant uprising, and you will be punished by Yang Di. I'm afraid there will be a catastrophe. It is better to follow the will of the people, and Xingyi soldiers can turn disasters into fun. " After listening to the opinions of the people and the persuasion of other counselors, Li Yuan gradually strengthened his determination to fight against Sui. In June of 6 17, Li Yuan ordered Liu Wenjing to forge the imperial edict of Yang Di, falsely claiming that he had surrendered Taiyuan, Xihe (now Fenyang County, Shanxi Province) and Yanmen (now Daixian County, Shanxi Province), and sent Li Shimin and Liu Wenjing to recruit soldiers everywhere, gathering more than 10000 people. On the other hand, Yang Di's eastward expedition to Korea caused people's panic and deepened their resistance to the Sui Dynasty.

The two left-behind envoys in Taiyuan were actually the eyes and ears of Yang Di who was sent to Taiyuan to monitor the actions of Tang Yuan and others. Now that I see Tang Gaozu recruiting, I have questions and am ready to report them. It happened that there was a drought in Taiyuan this year. One day, Li Yuan went to Jinci to beg for rain for the people. So when the two left-behind deputies were ready to borrow the Jinci Temple to pray for rain, they arrested Li Yuan and his son and their cronies. Unexpectedly, self-defeating, Tang gaozu pre-empted, pretending that the two secretly colluded with the Turks. As a result, they became unjust people, known in history as "Jinyang Incident". This incident was the beginning of Tang Gaozu Group's open war. Then, they joined forces with Turkic forces and relied on the strength of the landlord groups in Guanlong and Hedong. They supported Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty to call Yang Di the emperor's father, and made You Yang the guardian of Chang 'an and became the emperor. Tang Gaozu made the eldest son the commander-in-chief, and the second the commander-in-chief of the right army. He led the recruited "Volunteers" to set out from Taiyuan and marched into Chang 'an, and the fourth son Yuanji stayed in Taiyuan.

In July of the same year, Li Yuan and his eldest son were built, and the second son Shimin led 30,000 troops and went south along the Fenshui Valley to Huoyi (now Huoxian County, Shanxi Province). The army had to stop because of the heavy rain. According to the report of the spies, Emperor Yang Di has sent Tiger Tooth Lang to lead the twenty thousand soldiers of Song Laosheng to guard the fire city, and sent General Qu Tutong of Zuo Wuhou to stop Tang Jun's advance. At this point, there are rumors in the army, saying that Liu Wuzhou of Sui Dynasty colluded with the Turks, taking advantage of the emptiness of Taiyuan and trying to sneak attack.

Tang Gaozu was troubled by these vicious letters and was in a dilemma, so he hurriedly called people to discuss countermeasures. Long Shi Peiji suggested: "General, it seems that we are going to withdraw." However, Cheng Jian and Shimin are firmly opposed. Li Yuan couldn't make up his mind at the moment. He frowned and waved his hand and said, "Then go home. This matter should be discussed in the long run. " Two days later, the China army issued an order: first evacuate to Taiyuan, Zuo Jun, and the right army will follow after two hours. So, in desperation, I had to prepare to lead the troops to withdraw Li.

Li Shimin looked at these listless soldiers, thinking about the future, and couldn't help crying. The crying alarmed Tang Gaozu, and Shimin carefully analyzed Tang Gaozu's interests and reassured him step by step. Li Shimin means, now is the harvest season, why worry about food shortage; HuoYi ShouJiang is just a warrior, foolhardy, needless to say; If you don't capture Chang 'an and sleep as soon as possible, more and more people will try to capture Chang 'an, and there will be no such opportunity in the future. Hearing the cry of Shimin, Tang Gaozu also suddenly realized and decided to continue fighting.

In early August, the weather cleared up and the canteen arrived. Tang gaozu personally led the troops close to the fire wing city and challenged Song Laosheng. Sui generals guarding the city demanded to play in succession, but Song Laosheng couldn't make up his mind. And Huoyi county order advised him to take this as the best policy. Song Laosheng saw Li Shimin and a group of people bossing around the city wall. It seems that when discussing the siege countermeasures, he shouted at the county magistrate: "I will leave 1000 troops for you to' keep the best policy'. I want to capture Li Shimin alive! " The magistrate had no time to stop it, and Song Laosheng had rushed out of the city gate with 65438+ 10,000 troops. Unexpectedly, outside the city, Li Shimin disappeared.

When Li, who was guarding Tang Jun outside the city, saw Song Laosheng coming out of the city to fight, he led a large army and killed Song Laosheng. At the beginning of the war, they were defeated and retreated to the south of the city. At this time, Li Shimin has led a team and ambushed behind a high Tucheng in the south of the city. Seeing Song Laosheng's army chasing all the way, Li Shimin signaled an attack, so he cut off Sui Jun. The Sui army was in chaos, and Li, Li and Li were attacked by both sides, beating the water out of the water, and Song Laosheng died in battle. When the Sui army guarding the city saw that the master was dead, they immediately abandoned the city and fled. In this way, Tang Jun easily captured Huoyi. Then sweeping, continuous capture linfen, general, longmen.

Then he began to attack Hedong (now Yongji County, Shanxi Province). In Hedong, due to the solid defense of Sui General Qu Tutong, it was impossible to attack for a long time. Pei Ji believes that he should seize Hedong at all costs and then March into Guanzhong, while Li Shimin thinks that the soldiers are expensive and should go straight to Guanzhong. Both views make sense. If Qu Tutong is not eliminated, there may be Sui Jun in Chang 'an, Sui Jun in Qu Tutong, and Tang Gaozu will be caught between Scylla and Charybdis. If we have been besieging Hedong, Sui Jun in Guanzhong may be fully prepared, and Tang Gaozu will lose his soldiers. Weigh the two opinions, learn from each other's strengths, and divide the troops into two ways, leaving some soldiers to attack Hedong and contain Qu Tutong, while they led Li, Li and Li armies to capture Chang 'an.

165438+ 10 In June, more than 200,000 soldiers and horses joined forces with Li and Li to attack Chang 'an. Tang Gaozu ordered that the ancestral hall of the Sui Dynasty and the imperial clan of a generation of kings should not be violated, and all those who disobeyed orders should be eliminated. Soon, Chang 'an was conquered. In order to win over some local forces in the Sui Dynasty and reduce hostile forces, Li Yuan established Yang Zhao, the son of his eldest son, as the Duke of Sui. Emperor Gong acceded to the throne and changed his country name to Yi Ning. In addition, Yang Di who fled to Jiangdu from a distance was the emperor's father. This fully shows that Li Yuan has wily political experience. Because the establishment of Emperor Gong not only recognized the existence of the Sui Dynasty, but also abolished the legal status of the emperor. It laid the foundation for overthrowing the Sui Dynasty and establishing the Tang Dynasty.