Geographical environment of Xichuan County

Xichuan belongs to the monsoon climate zone of transition from north subtropical zone to warm temperate zone. The four seasons are characterized by rapid recovery in spring (March-May), many southeast winds, violent temperature fluctuations, rainy days in April and frequent strong winds in May. In summer (June-August), rainfall is concentrated, with uneven drought and flood, with more drought in early summer and more rainfall in middle and late summer. Autumn (September-165438+1October) is cool and rainy, and the temperature and rainfall drop sharply in late autumn. In winter (65438+February-February), it is windy and dry in the northwest. Due to the natural barriers of Qinling Mountains and Funiu Mountain in the northwest and the two defense lines formed by the mountains in the northwest, the cold air mass in the north has been prevented from invading southward to some extent. The annual average temperature 15.8℃ is about 2℃ higher than that in the eastern part of the same latitude, and the frost-free period is about 228 days.

Xichuan is abundant in rainfall, with the annual rainfall ranging from 391.3—1.423.7mm, and the average rainfall for many years is 804.3mm. The first flood season is earlier and the second flood season is later in this area. The rainfall in flood season from June to September accounts for 58% of the whole year, and reaches 79.8% in some years, with uneven geographical distribution. It has the characteristics of more northwest and less southeast, with an average of 73 1.2-809.4 mm Monkey Mountain: located between Danjiang River and Qihe River, the main peak is 6 kilometers northeast of Jingziguan, with an altitude of 943.3 meters. The northern slope is steep and the southern slope is gentle, and the rock formation is limestone. Monkey Mountain is northwest-southeast, winding for more than ten miles. In the peak is the fahai temple built in the Tang Dynasty. The temples are towering, the bamboos are towering and the ancient trees are towering. It is quite famous in history and has been visited by tourists since then.

Xianglushan: Located between Qihe River and East Yellow River, the main peak is 5 kilometers north of Huang Xi Town, with an altitude of 849.9 meters.

Yuhuangding: Located in the east of the lower reaches of Qihe River and west of stork River, the main peak is located at the junction of Huang Xi, Vance and Maotang Town. It is 902 meters above sea level and is connected to Fengzi Mountain in Xixia in the north. Spreading from northwest to southeast to Henggou, the mountain suddenly became a hill. In Huangbaiguan, another branch has formed and re-emerged, with mountains above 700 meters above sea level, such as Fenghuang Village and Dazhai Village, and larger hills such as Wutai Mountain.

Jiaozishan: Located at the junction of Xichuan and Neixiang, distributed in the south of Madeng Town, the main peak is about 5 12.5 meters above sea level.

Ma Dengshan: Located in the northwest of Huang Zhuang, southeast of Gumadeng Town (submerged), surrounded by Shixian Mountain, Hushan Mountain and Taizi Mountain, with a distance of 100. In the sixth year of Song Shaoding (1233), Meng Gong defeated Hsien Wu in Yang Shun, and Hsien Wu retreated from the chariot to Madeng Mountain, so Yang Shun, Shenzhou and Tang and Zhou all surrendered to Meng Gong. The Ministry of Hsien Wu led Liu Yi to 200 strong men and reported the actual situation in Hsien Wu to Meng Gong. Meng Gong immediately sent troops to attack the enemy's stronghold, killing a large number of nomads. Meng Gong estimated that Wu Xian would climb to the top of Xiushan to observe the movement of Song Ying after being hit hard, so he ordered Fan to ambush in Xiushan. When Wu Xian arrived, he was ambushed and fled.

Zhulian Mountain (Sanjian Mountain, also known as Sanchan Mountain): Located in the south of Xianghua Town, the main peak is 499 meters above sea level.

Sifeng Mountain: distributed in Taohe Township, Cangfang Town and the south of Wansheng Town. The four main peaks stand side by side, and the highest peak is Paomaling, with an altitude of 1086 meters, which is the highest point in the county. Xichuan county has formed leading industries with local characteristics, such as pepper, pepper, fruit, mulberry, Chinese herbal medicine and aquatic products. According to relevant data, the planting area of fragrant flowers and small peppers is 654.38+10,000 mu, with an annual output of 56 million kilograms of dried peppers, which are exported to the United States, Japan, South Korea, Hong Kong and other countries and regions. In aquatic products, 1 10,000 cage fish culture bases and 1 100 million whitebait culture bases have been formed; The total area of forest fruit industry, mainly pepper and citrus, is 470 thousand mu; Gracilaria lemaneiformis has a planting area of 400,000 mu.

There are 1787 species of wild animals and plants in Xichuan County. Among them, there are 58 species of fungi in 23 families; 978 species of wild plants, belonging to 135 family; There are 184 families and 75 1 species of wild animals. The national key protected plants include Pteroceltis tatarinowii, Alpinia officinarum, Cercidiphyllum japonicum, Ginkgo biloba, Gastrodia elata, etc. 10. There are more than 20 species of national key protected animals such as leopard, eagle, antelope, musk deer, wild boar, civet, leopard cat, flying squirrel, muntjac, golden pheasant, pheasant, weasel badger, pig badger and dog badger. There are five rivers in the territory: Danjiang River, Guanhe River, Qihe River, Taohe River and Diaohe River, with an annual surface runoff of 560 million cubic meters and hydropower reserves of 63,000 kilowatts. Danjiang Reservoir, the largest artificial freshwater lake in Asia, covers an area of 400 square kilometers and has a storage capacity of 29 billion cubic meters. The main rivers in Xichuan are Danjiang, Stork, Qihe, Taohe and Diaohe. Xichuan County belongs to the Hanjiang River system in the Yangtze River basin, and the Danjiang River runs through the whole territory from northwest to southeast. The area of Danjiang River and its tributaries accounts for 93.5% of the county area. The main tributaries are Qihe River, Taohe River and Laogu River, which flow into the main stream of Danjiang River at Vance, Jinying and Madeng respectively, and the control basin area is above 1 10,000 square kilometers. Diaohe River belongs to Tangbaihe River system, with a drainage area of 182.5 square kilometers, accounting for 6.5% of the total area of the county. Its watershed involves Houpo, Xianghua and Jiuzhong, which are located in the west of Nanyang Basin, the east of Tang Dan Basin, the Houpo in the southeast of Xichuan County, and the boundary between the eastern edge of Jiuzhong Township and the western plain of Dengxian County. In addition, it is also distributed in the main tributaries of various rivers, with 8 river basins exceeding 100 square kilometers and 9 rivers exceeding 100 square kilometers.