Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Weather inquiry - History of China's Science Development

History of China's Science Development

1. Satellite remote sensing.

Since the early 1970s, China has been using domestic and foreign remote sensing satellites to carry out research, development and popularization of satellite remote sensing application technology, which has been widely used in meteorology, geology and mineral resources, surveying and mapping, agriculture and forestry, water conservancy, ocean, earthquake and urban construction. At present, the National Remote Sensing Center, National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Resources Satellite Application Center, Satellite Ocean Application Center, China Remote Sensing Satellite Ground Receiving Station and other institutions have been established, as well as satellite remote sensing application research institutions of relevant ministries and commissions in the State Council, some provinces and cities and Chinese Academy of Sciences. Using remote sensing satellites at home and abroad, these professional institutions have carried out applied research work in many aspects and fields, such as meteorological forecast, land survey, crop yield estimation, forest survey, disaster monitoring, environmental protection, ocean forecast, urban planning, map mapping and so on. In particular, the operational operation of the satellite meteorological ground application system has greatly improved the accuracy of disastrous weather forecasting and significantly reduced the economic losses of the country and people.

2. Satellite communication.

Since the mid-1980s, China has used domestic and foreign communication satellites to develop satellite communication technology to meet the growing needs of communication, broadcasting and education. In terms of satellite fixed communication services, there are dozens of large and medium-sized satellite communication earth stations in China, and there are more than 27,000 international satellite communication channels connecting more than 80 countries and regions in the world. China has built a domestic public satellite communication network with more than 70,000 domestic satellite communication channels, which has initially solved the communication problems in remote areas. VSAT communication has developed rapidly in recent years. There are 30 VSAT communication divisions in China, serving 15000 small station users, including more than 6300 two-way small station users. At the same time, more than 80 special communication networks and tens of thousands of very small aperture terminals have been established in dozens of departments such as finance, meteorology, transportation, petroleum, water conservancy, civil aviation, electric power, health and news. In terms of satellite TV broadcasting services, China has built a satellite TV broadcasting system covering the whole world and a satellite TV education system covering the whole country. China began to transmit radio and television programs by satellite from 1985. At present, a satellite transmission coverage network occupying 33 communication satellite transponders has been formed, which is responsible for transmitting 47 sets of central and local TV programs, educational TV programs, 32 sets of domestic and foreign radio programs and nearly 40 sets of local radio programs. More than 30 million people have received education and training in universities and technical secondary schools since satellite educational television broadcasting was launched more than ten years ago. In recent years, China has built a satellite live broadcast experimental platform, which has brought TV programs transmitted by central and local satellites to vast rural areas that are not covered by wireless radio and television through digital compression, greatly improving the coverage of radio and television in China. There are about1890,000 satellite TV broadcasting receiving stations in China. On the experimental platform of satellite live broadcast, the broadband multimedia transmission network of China Education Satellite was established, which provided comprehensive services of distance education and information technology for the whole country.

3. Satellite navigation and positioning.

China began to use foreign navigation satellites to develop satellite navigation and positioning application technology in the early 1980s. At present, it has been widely used in geodesy, ship navigation, aircraft navigation, earthquake monitoring, geological disaster prevention and monitoring, forest fire prevention and extinguishing, urban traffic management and other industries. China joined COSPAS-SARSAT in 1992, and then established China Mission Control Center, which greatly improved the distress alarm service capabilities of ships, planes and vehicles.