Geographical location characteristics of Tianshan Mountain

The geographical features of Tianshan Mountain are as follows:

1, Geology In geological history, Tianshan geosyncline was formed in Late Sinian. After the Caledonian movement, especially the Variscan movement, the geosyncline returned in an all-round way and folded and uplifted to form the ancient Tianshan Mountains.

The main rocks that make up the mountains are Paleozoic metamorphic rocks, pyroclastic rocks and Variscan intrusive rocks. From Mesozoic to the end of Eogene, the ancient Tianshan Mountains were denuded and leveled into a quasi-plain. In the Late Tertiary, especially after Pliocene, the fault block uplift occurred in the quasi-plain, forming a multi-level mountain planation plane. After the alternation of glaciers and flowing water, it became the modern Tianshan Mountains.

2. Climate and water. Mountain climate is obviously divided into cold and warm seasons in the middle of the year. How sunny it is in the cold season. The mountains, basins and valleys below 3000 meters are covered with deep snow, foggy and frosty. In warm season, the altitude is more than 3000 meters, which is rainy and snowy. The climate is cool below 3000 meters. The difference of humidity in different places is controlled by altitude. In the mountainous area of Tianshan Mountain, especially in the west of Tianshan Mountain, obvious inversion stratification often occurs in winter.

meaning

Tianshan Mountain spans China, Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan from east to west, with a total length of 2,500 kilometers, an average width of 250-350 kilometers from north to south, and its widest point is over 800 kilometers. Tomur Peak, the highest peak (7443 meters above sea level, located in Xinjiang, China), is a huge international mountain system.

Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang refers to the East Tianshan Mountain in China, with a total length of 1.760 km, accounting for more than 2/3 of the total length of Tianshan Mountain. It spans the whole territory of Xinjiang and passes through 9 prefectures and cities, namely Kashgar, Aksu, Yili, Bortala, Bayinguoleng, Changji, Urumqi, Turpan and Hami. It is the natural geographical boundary between Junggar basin and Tarim basin, and it is also a unique symbol of Xinjiang's geography.

Formation and evolution

Tianshan mountain range is an ancient and young mountain system with complex geological development and evolution history. As early as the Sinian, the distribution of land and sea had a relatively obvious outline. The Sinian system is well developed in Tianshan area. From the distribution of marine strata, the northern margin of the sea area reaches Junggar ancient land, and the southern margin of the sea area reaches Tarim ancient land, with a very wide range. Only the uplift zone formed by the pre-Sinian system is exposed in the middle Tianshan area.

However, the formation of the modern Tianshan Mountains was formed by strong tectonic movements from the late Neogene to the Quaternary and from the Paleozoic to the Mesozoic to the late Cenozoic in the early Pleistocene. This reflects the complexity of the geological development and evolution history of Tianshan Mountain, and also shows its ancient and young nature.