How do meteorological satellites track typhoons?

Meteorological satellites are divided into solar orbit meteorological satellites and geostationary orbit meteorological satellites according to different orbits. The meteorological satellite tracking the typhoon is a geostationary orbit meteorological satellite, which belongs to fixed-point photography and only needs to photograph the movement of the typhoon.

Various meteorological remote sensors carried by satellites receive and measure visible light, infrared and microwave radiation of the earth and its atmosphere, as well as electromagnetic waves reflected by satellite navigation systems. And convert it into an electrical signal and transmit it to the ground station. The ground station recovers the electrical signal from the satellite and maps it into various clouds, wind speeds and directions. Further processing and calculation of sea surface and sea surface images are carried out to obtain various meteorological data.

Extended data

Structure of typhoon:

Typhoon Eye Area: It's strange that the wind here is very light and the weather is sunny, with an average diameter of 40 kilometers. The sailors who participated in it humorously called Typhoon Eye "Xanadu".

Cloud wall area: the cloud wall area with a width of tens of kilometers and a height of more than ten kilometers around the typhoon eye, also called eye wall. The cloud wall is towering here, the wind is howling, the rain is pouring, the sea is churning, and the weather is the worst.

Spiral rain belt area: Outside the cloud wall, there are spiral rain belts, and several rain (cloud) belts gather spirally around the eye wall. The rain is tens to hundreds of kilometers wide and several Qian Qian meters long. There will be showers and windy weather where the rain belt passes.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Typhoon

Baidu Encyclopedia-Meteorological Satellite