What medicine is longan spraying yellow leaves?

Precious fruit. Cultivated in China.

Bit, and our region is a dragon.

One of the main producing areas of eyes. Since 1980s, longan production in our region has developed rapidly, reaching 1997.

The planting area is 3.3 million mu, and the total output is 6.5438+0.375 million tons. To 654.38+0998, with an area of more than 3.7 million mu and output.

It has reached 165900 tons. Both area and output exceed Fujian and Guangdong provinces, ranking first in the country. But our district

There are many problems in longan production, the first of which is

Very low, generally mu.

The yield is about150kg, which is 680kg lower than the highest yield of more than 830kg per mu in Fujian Province and higher than that in Tongan, Xiamen.

Area1985-1995, with an average yield of 220kg, 70kg lower. Main reasons for low yield of longan in our region

Reason: In addition to operators losing confidence in their business and stepping into a vicious circle of low input and low efficiency, there have also been bumps.

In addition to pipeline failure, it is mainly affected by global temperature rise and China temperature rise.

The increase in the number of years makes

longan

Out of balance with reproductive growth. Specific performance in winter, spring and female.

The proportion of flowers is low. In view of these problems, I have been working in the front line of longan production since 1996.

In this paper, the cultivation and management techniques for high and stable yield of longan were discussed, and a set of successful cultivation and management experiences were mastered.

Experiment, especially for longan.

Have a clearer understanding of theory and practice, and define "winter control"

The growth of new shoots promotes the transformation of winter buds into

Pull out, lift

Technical measures to improve the proportion,

invent

Organic nutrition regulator for flowering plants of fruit trees-

Technical collocation of series products

Party, and applied for a patent. In order to translate this achievement into as soon as possible

, mention

eye

,

Achieve high and stable yields every year and make greater contributions to increasing farmers' production and income. Now introduce the richness of longan.

Cultivation and management techniques for high and stable yield.

First, fertilization

Fertilization is the main content of soil management of adult fruit trees, which is to increase and stabilize production and overcome

result

The basic measure of this phenomenon should be based on

When growing, apply sufficient fertilizer in stages at the right time for full filling.

Enough for it to grow and bear fruit. Adult trees can grow according to the tree body when the fertilizer source is sufficient.

In the past, the change of flowering and fruiting required fertilization 4~5 times a year. I think the next three rhizosphere fertilization.

That's enough.

(1) rhizosphere fertilization

1, fertilization before flowering (extension

) was applied at the end of 12 to the middle and late period of 1 to promote the health of the ear.

Strong,

The official transport is developed. Fertilization amount: according to the fruit yield per plant 100 kg, apply fertilizer per plant.

1-2 kg,

Duiluo

about

More than 50- 100 kg

Powder 1 kg.

Apply in the rain or after rain.

and

Sprinkle powder on the rhizosphere

Nearby. If we can find a way

About 50 centimeters.

Deep annular groove together with

It is ideal to apply fertilizer together, and the fertilization period should be determined according to the tree potential and leaf color depth.

And rainwater. If the trees are lush, the leaves are greener or the weather gets warmer early.

Or there is a lot of rain, which is generally not suitable for early application. On the other hand, weak trees or cold weather or too much hormone control, then

Fertilize early.

2. The fertilizer for strong flowers and fruits should be applied after the formation of the ear skeleton and before the second physiological fruit drop.

The purpose is to supplement the nutrition of the tree in the late flowering period in time and ensure the nutrients needed for the growth and development of young fruits.

Reduce secondary physiological fruit drop, promote fruit growth and improve the yield of the year. In order to shoot autumn shoots after harvest,

Cultivate the fruiting mother branches and lay the foundation. Fertilization amount: per plant (calculated by fruit yield 100 kg).

Organic fertilizer 50- 100 kg (if fertilizer has been applied before flowering, it can be applied less when the fertilizer source is insufficient),

1 - 2

Kim,

2-3 Jin,

2-3 Jin,

2-3 Jin of powder,

0.3

-0.5 kg, evenly spread on

Under, and timely covered with straw and water.

At this time, less or no chemical fertilizer can be applied according to the tree potential and leaf color.

3, before (after) fruit fertilizer is generally quick-acting.

Mainly, it is especially necessary to avoid applying slow-release fertilizer or granular fertilizer.

A substance, such as an insoluble substance

, unfavorable

Trees absorb early. The function of this fertilizer is to increase the yield.

Quantity, reduce late fruit drop, restore tree vigor, reduce fallen leaves after fruit picking, promote autumn shoot growth, and cultivate in time.

Improve good fruiting mother branches and reduce

In this way, it is very effective to achieve high and stable yield every year.

Before fruit picking 10- 15 days.

Range spraying 1 time

Peanut bran water or manure water 20

0-300 kg or more

1-2kg, soluble compound fertilizer1.5-3kg,

30-50g, such as

If the fertilizer cannot be applied on time, it must be applied within seven days after the fruit is picked and replaced with fertilizer.

flower

200-300 kg of raw bran water or manure water is added.

2-3 Jin,

2 Jin,

1 —

2 Jin,

30-50g

If the climate is dry, it must be watered thoroughly or irrigated in time to ensure that the autumn shoots are pulled out in time after fruit picking.

It is very necessary to apply fertilizer for the above three times, especially for the first and third time, and it must be implemented as required.

(2)

You can add more every time you spray the medicine.

. Recommend adoption

Organic nutrition series products

Products, use as little inorganic fertilizer as possible.

Second, shaping and pruning

( 1)

prune

The purpose of plastic pruning is to cultivate trees with high and stable yield. Plastic surgery should be

from start to finish

Planting begins. Fixed stem: leave the trunk 50-70 cm high when planting, and put it on the trunk after planting.

Choose 2-3 main branches with vigorous growth and reasonable orientation as the first-class branches, and the length of the first-class branches is 50 cm.

When it is 40 centimeters.

Similarly, choose 2-3 branches on the first-level branch as the second-level branch.

The sample method leaves three branches and four branches. Make branches at all levels spread evenly around to form an open branch.

circle

Crown.

(2) Pruning of adult trees

The purpose of pruning adult trees is to maintain vigorous tree vigor and cultivate good fruiting mother branches. Trim pass

Often in spring, summer and autumn. Spring pruning is mainly to cut off branches that are too dense, too weak and sick and combine them.

Turn off the flowers Prune in summer from June to July, and cut off dense branches, pests and diseases, thin and drooping branches and knot them.

Turn off the fruit. Autumn pruning is mainly carried out after fruit picking, which belongs to fine pruning, mainly pruning.

Dead branches, branches of pests,

Branches and over-dense branches, and cut off some over-dense summer and autumn branches.

Cut 1-2 branches with vigorous growth and reasonable distribution from each base branch to concentrate nutrients and promote

As a result, the mother branches grew in large numbers.

Third, pest control.

(a) longan "ghost broom disease", also known as baldness,

、

Illness, etc.

Crystal

A virus spread by grafting or insect pests. After the tender branches of diseased plants are damaged, the tender leaves become narrow, curved and curled.

Qu, can't be unfolded, the leaves are light green. The diseased leaves are deformed and easy to fall off. The leaves at the tip of the disease dry and fall off.

Fall behind and become bald. Sometimes, new buds appear and internodes are shortened, showing that

Shape. Damaged spike node

Shorten, cluster or

The ear of flowers can't bear fruit normally, the diseased trees are weak and the yield is reduced.

Finally, the whole tree died.

Prevention and control methods:

1, give priority to prevention, strengthen cultivation management, especially water and fertilizer management, and increase application.

in time

Prevention and treatment

, midges, white moth wax cicada, etc.

.

2. Cut off diseased branches in time and burn and spray.

800- 1000 times,

Spray twice in a row.

(2)

、

Harm longan seedlings and leaves, causing defoliation.

Prevention and control methods:

1, strengthen cultivation management and enhance tree potential.

2. Clear the garden in winter, focusing on burning litter and whole garden.

Reduce the source of germs.

3, ward onset even spray 0.5%.

Or 70%

800- 1000 times liquid 2

-3 times, with an interval of 10- 15 days.

(3) Phytophthora infestans are mainly flowers and fruits.

Prevention and control methods:

1. Spray 40% before the flowers bloom and at the early stage of fruit damage.

300 times liquid or

800 times the liquid.

2. Xie Hua should arrange artificial flower shaking and shake off dead flowers in time. Otherwise, it will go out in rainy days.

Now "retting flowers"

3. Yu

Qihe

Stop, spray it once.

1000 times liquid or

600 times the liquid.

(4) smelly bug, smelly bug.

Adults suck the juice of buds, branches, ears and young fruits of longan.

Liquid. Brown spots appeared on the injured part, causing serious flower drop and fruit drop. The scales of smelly bedbugs often secrete smelly liquids.

Health, resulting in buds, leaves, ears and young fruits stained with smelly liquid burning and falling off.

Prevention and control methods:

1. When the temperature drops obviously in winter, use the characteristics of suspended animation of adults to shake trees and make them grow in leaves.

The adult smelly bedbugs and scale insects that overwintered on their backs were frightened and fell to the ground, and then they were swept away and killed.

Step 2 use

800- 1000 times solution, before and after the adult lays eggs and

Spray when it happens 1 time.

The first time is about mid-March, and the second time is about the end of April to the beginning of May.

(5) Borer (formerly called Lepidoptera) is the main pest of fruits, leaves and branches.

ask

. Harmful: Leaves, from childhood.

Eat by eating, because

, fallen leaves; Pat (Haimai)

Moth), to

Young branches and spikes are eaten, forming tunnels, and the growing points of branches are damaged, forming clumps.

Fruit, adults lay eggs

Solid base or

Open after hatching

In other words, it invades the young fruit from under the egg and eats it away.

Eating drupe will cause the fruit to fall off.

Prevention and control methods:

1, control winter shoots and reduce overwintering insect sources.

2. During the germination of new buds, check the buds every 2-3 days.

And the number of eggs laid on leaves, when the egg ratio is high.

This medicine is needed when it is not very important. The agents are: high efficiency and low efficiency.

Inhale insecticides for oral administration, or use mibek.

3000 times solution, 40.7% Robam 1000 times solution, 2.5%

3,000 times liquid equal spray.

3, fruit tree prevention 40 days before fruit picking, check the egg rate on the fruit, when the egg rate reaches 65438 0%, start spraying.

Drug control.

Fourth, control winter shoots and promote flowering.

Under normal climatic conditions, that is, under the condition of proper low temperature and dryness in winter, as long as planting

As long as the cultivation and management measures are proper, longan can bloom normally. But with

More and more frequent and warm

In winter,

With the continuous emergence of longan, ordinary cultivation measures alone can no longer guarantee the normal opening of longan every year.

Flowers,

Therefore, it is difficult to effectively overcome this phenomenon. In normal years, temperature, humidity, light

Normally, it meets the needs of longan flowering.

Low temperature and moderate drought,

internal

Various nutrients, protein and hormones and their ratio can meet the needs of longan flowering.

But when the weather is abnormal, the normal growth of trees is disrupted, and all kinds of nutrients and hormones needed for flowering are needed.

And it's out of proportion, in winter

It's too busy. Therefore, in this case, it must be passed.

Artificial regulation

At present, most people mainly promote flower growth through chemical regulation (such as

spray

、

wait for

) and supplemented by cultivation measures to reduce the number of dragon eyes.

The consumption of required nutrients (mainly organic nutrients) and the maintenance of hormone balance make longan smooth.

Dicong

Change to reproductive growth to offset the negative impact of abnormal weather on longan flowering.

What is the winter tip?

The winter shoot means 1 1 ending to the next year 1 beginning to harvest.

. longan

Hehuasuo

The nutrition needed mainly depends on autumn.

The accumulated nutrients, while the winter buds germinate and disappear.

Intake of a lot of nutrients will inevitably decrease.

Form the required nutritional foundation and inhibit it.

score

, affecting flowering and fruiting. Not picking winter bamboo shoots is the key factor for longan to blossom, and any interference is broken.

The method of bad growth point cell metabolism can control the germination and growth of new shoots and achieve the purpose of controlling new shoots.

The more destructive this interference is, the more obvious the effect of shooting control and killing will be. Therefore, it is longan that controls the germination of winter buds.

High-yield cultivation is an important measure.

How to control winter buds? Methods of controlling winter shoots in the past:

(1) Deep hoeing and root cutting are more vigorous for trees, and the buds are full, which may lead to winter shoots.

tree

Hoe 20 cm deep, or dig an annular ditch 30-40 cm deep around the crown and cut it.

flat

,

Let it air-dry in the sun for 30-40 days, and then replenish it when the leaf color begins to fade from Huangshi.

, topsoil, garbage

Cover the back with soil.

②

Strong branches mature for the last time, as deep as wood.

③

After controlling the maturity of the last autumn bud, use

Bijiu,

, cutting-edge control

Flower-promoting hormone and other drugs.

Or kill Dongya. Especially when winter buds appear and tender leaves are not unfolded, spray 0.2.

- 0.3‰

Kill the tip.

These drugs such as

The dosage is not enough, the effect is not obvious, and proper control cannot be achieved.

Shoots can promote flowering, but the concentration is too high, and it is often inhibited when it encounters high temperature and dry weather.

Degree, it is difficult to become a flower. Ethephon can induce

But at the same time, it is a stripping agent. If you don't use it,

When the dosage is too large, especially in bud stage, it is easy to lead to falling flowers and old leaves.

Five, inhibit (kill) spring seedlings, improve

proportion

The appearance of spring shoots is not conducive to flowering, and the flower buds of litchi and longan are mostly buds and buds

about

(mixed

), if

If the growth is too strong, the flower buds will be inhibited, or the flower buds will degenerate or form.

Flowers fall and fruit fall, affecting flower quality and reducing

Rate. Therefore, it should be suppressed as soon as possible in production.

Hit a target/mark

. Manual demolition is often arranged in production. This method is simple, but the workload is large and it is not suitable for large scale.

Orchard adoption. At the same time, the proportion of female flowers cannot be increased. Another method, chemical control method, mainly

We should take advantage of the difference in shedding mechanism between young leaves and old leaves, and choose the one that only causes young leaves to shed without hurting old leaves.

The regulator can control and kill the young leaves in spring shoots within a certain period of time (3-7 days)

Slicing or mixing

Hit a target/mark

Inhibition of vegetative growth, protection and promotion

Develop and improve into

Flower forming rate and flower quality. At present, it is difficult to buy ideal drugs in the market by this method.

According to the actual production situation,

one kind

Efficient organic nutrition regulator for fruit tree flowering

-

Series products. This is a very feasible and effective method.

Six, longan

"two controls and two lifts" technology

The "two control and two promotion" technology of bud differentiation refers to:

Extend and promote the transformation of winter buds into flowers

Bud,

Growth promotes the increase of the proportion of female flowers. The technology adopts foliar spraying of Yuhualing series products,

Only winter buds and washed buds are controlled, and tender buds and buds are not killed, because the concentration used is too high or

Too much dosage will hurt old leaves. Therefore, it is convenient, safe, economical and efficient to use.

Due to the drought since autumn, longan trees

The absorption of water and fertilizer is blocked, leading to the last autumn shoots.

Maturity was delayed, and the last autumn shoot with mother branches could not germinate on time at the end of September and the beginning of June. And 10.

After that, it rained all over the country one after another, so that mature autumn shoots sprouted from the end of June of 10 to the beginning of June of 1 10.

Shoot in late autumn. However, longan plants with white leaves or insufficient maturity will germinate after 1 1.

New buds are called winter buds. These buds mature slowly because of the drop in temperature, and the temperature will be the same when they germinate again.

If it is too high, it will not be a flower in the second year. Therefore, ethephon or paclobutrazol is often used in production.

The main purpose of saving chemicals to kill buds or inhibit bud growth is to reduce the nutrient consumption of trees, which is beneficial.

Trees bloom, but if they are done by experienced people, the effect is ok, if not small.

Heart, because the branches are old and tender, or because the length and potential of the trees are different, or the varieties are different, or when to spray.

At different temperatures, although the same drug is used at the same concentration, the effect will be different, with winners and losers.

What's more, plants will go into deep dormancy due to high concentration or excessive spraying.

Delaying the budding time, the temperature has exceeded the low temperature required for the bud to bud again, leading to the formation of new shoots.

Cheng Wuhua.

Using our technology will not cause the above problems:

First, the technical product we produce-Yuhualing, the main raw material comes from plants, from

Flower-forming protein extracted from plant nutrition was applied to longan flower formation.

Second, the main purpose of applying Yuhualing is to inhibit the growth of winter shoots of longan and other fruit trees and regulate the tree body.

Hormone and nutrition balance; Provide flower nutrition for longan, increase the accumulation of tree nutrition,

carry

Body organic nutrition level, extraction

body

Concentration, enhance the synthesis energy of tree macromolecules.

Force, synthesize specific enzyme proteins needed for flower bud differentiation, thus starting the expression of flower bud differentiation genes,

Promote longan flowering.

Thirdly, Yuhualing is only a special enzyme protein necessary for fruit tree flowering, and it does not kill dendrimers by itself.

Vegetarian, so don't kill the buds (not to mention the old leaves) or the flowers. Instead, it can greatly improve the quality of flowers.

A high proportion of female flowers.

How to use Yuhualing:

1、

Autumn bud or autumn bud: that is, buds born before 10 year 10 are mature.

Please don't spray ethephon and paclobutrazol.

Preservatives inhibit its growth if it starts in 65438+February.

Continue to shoot winter bamboo shoots. When they grow to 5-6 cm, spray 1-2 times to lure them.

Guide it into a bud.

2. Late autumn buds: when they mature, they have entered the cold month of 1, so they should be picked before turning green.

Spray Yuhualing once, a bottle of Yuhualing No.2 with 105 Jin of water to moisten the leaves. So it can be used in

1differentiate into flowers at low temperature of 65438+ from late October to March. If longan appears red in the first half of February, if it comes out

Now that there are leaflets, spray them again to prevent them from "rushing to the top" due to the high temperature above 20℃.

Increase the proportion of female flowers.

3. For old trees and weak trees, their growth is weak, their growth speed is slow and their nutrient accumulation is slow.

Therefore, after the new shoots germinate in late autumn, the following treatment must be done: after the leaves of the new shoots unfold in late autumn, use Yuhualing every 7 days.

1 Bao 1 diluted with 15 kg water and sprayed on the leaf layer until the leaf surface is covered with fog spots, showing a sample that wants to drop but does not drop.

Spray continuously for 2-3 times. Spray yuhualing plus 15 kg water every time.

or

repeated

Hefei 25-30g. Spray Yuhualing No.2 when the winter buds are pulled out.