Two research reports on rural economic development

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Our Huazhuang Village is a remote village in Yuduo Town, about 12 kilometers away from the town. Our village is located at the junction of three counties and cities. The agricultural population of the village is 2358, and the non-agricultural population 104. The cultivated land area is more than 4000 mu, and the valley area is more than 3000 mu. Village collective income180,000 yuan, gross output value of three industries. The per capita net income is 6480 yuan, and there are 6 private enterprises, 1 gas station and 1 dairy farm in the area where the village is located. The main industries are processing plush toys, petroleum machinery, forging, furniture manufacturing and special breeding. According to my recent investigation, there are many factors that restrict the development of modern agriculture in our village.

First, the outstanding problems in the development of modern agriculture in our village

(A) weak agricultural infrastructure, it is difficult to strengthen the foundation of modern agricultural development.

The agricultural production in our village is restricted by the low level of material technology and equipment and the slow process of industrialization, and the production has never jumped out of the strange circle of small-scale, low-level and traditional extensive management. The level of agricultural mechanization is low, and the actual mechanical sowing and electromechanical irrigation rate is not high.

Is there such a sentence? If you want to get rich, build roads? Now Xingtai Highway is fully open to traffic, but the village roads in our village are still underdeveloped. Many places in the west and south of the village are brick roads, and some places even have dangerous bridges. Without good transportation, no one will invest and start a business, and agricultural and sideline products will not be competitive in the market.

(2) Farmers' low quality and poor adaptability make it difficult to shoulder the heavy responsibility of developing modern agriculture.

At present, the average length of education in our village is 7 or 9 years, and junior high school education is not enough. What is the human capital of farmers in the process of non-agricultural flow of rural labor force? Adverse selection? Phenomenon: The rural areas that are in their prime of life and receive more education are basically flowing out of non-agricultural industries? Elite? Children, women and the elderly who are mainly engaged in agricultural production stay behind, further reducing the overall quality of the left-behind farmers engaged in agricultural production. Undoubtedly, farmers, as the main force of developing modern agriculture, have low quality and are difficult to shoulder the heavy responsibility of developing modern agriculture.

(3) The backward concept is still the biggest obstacle for farmers to enter the market.

The farmers in our village still follow the habits under the planned economy system in the past, and their ideas are conservative. They want the government to help them find projects and capital investments. Wait, shit, want it? Thoughts are often quite serious. A considerable number of villagers stick to the concept of survival and the goal of food and clothing, and their psychological expectations of getting rid of poverty and becoming rich are not high. Restricted by the inherent concept, the development and utilization of resources and business model are still at the primary level.

(4) In the process of economic development? Short-sighted psychology? As a result, the collective strength is weakening, and there are misunderstandings in supporting the family economy. Here? Short-sighted psychology? It refers to the unhealthy tendency of some village cadres and the masses to emphasize short-term interests, ignore long-term interests, emphasize personal interests and ignore the interests of the masses, hedonism, putting on airs and so on. Due to the weak foundation of village collective economy and the one-sided view of developing family economy, most village cadres do not have great expectations for the development of collective economy, which leads to the slow development trend of village collective economic strength in China in recent years.

From this point of view, due to the existence of economic foundation and natural conditions, in order to speed up the pace of building a new countryside in our village and narrow the gap of getting rich in rural areas, we should take reasonable planning and effective measures to curb the slow trend of farmers getting rich in our village.

Second, multi-pronged comprehensive promotion.

Developing modern agriculture, prospering rural economy and increasing farmers' income is the primary task of building a new countryside and an indispensable part of the whole economic and social modernization. Therefore, we must take innovative agricultural development concept as the premise, improve the level of agricultural equipment as the basis, improve the quality of farmers as the basis, support the popularization of science and technology, and increase investment as the guarantee to comprehensively promote the development of modern agriculture and accelerate the pace of new rural construction in our village.

(1) Leading agriculture with advanced ideas.

To develop modern agriculture, we must first establish new concepts. We should establish the concept of promoting agricultural development with modern industry. It is necessary to run agriculture in the way of running industry, break the dual structure of urban and rural areas, coordinate urban and rural economic and social development, implement intensive management, enterprise management, regional layout and market-oriented operation, and gradually realize rural industrialization, migrant workers industrialization and agricultural modernization. We should establish the concept of participating in the new round of market division and cooperation according to the principle of comparison. Through constant comparison, adjustment, improvement and improvement, we will strive to build competitive brand-name products, cultivate competitive pillar industries, strengthen and expand leading agricultural enterprises, and gradually form farmers' follow-up industries? Leading? Go ahead. Leading? Follow the benign development track of the market. It is necessary to establish the concept that grasping agriculture is to guide farmers to the market. It is necessary to guide farmers to enter the market and change their identity from product producers to commodity producers by solving the problems of unfair treatment of farmers, invalid information and inaccurate market grasp.

(2) Promote agricultural development with modern equipment.

Improving agricultural facilities and equipment is an important part of developing modern agriculture. Next year, the road traffic in our village will be improved. Our village has been supported by superiors to carry out land consolidation and build rural roads and bridges. Next year, the country will lay fallow on the Luting River, a national V-class waterway that passes through our village.

Our village should vigorously promote the construction of farmland water conservancy, implement fertile soil projects, take encouraging farmers to develop green manure, returning straw to fields and applying farmyard manure as a breakthrough, accelerate the pace of comprehensive agricultural development, and effectively improve the quality of cultivated land. Recently, our village held a straw returning meeting, which not only affirmed the straw burning ban in our village some time ago, but also put forward higher requirements for our next stage of work. Want to? One pool and three changes? As a breakthrough, all-round promotion? Liu Tong, Liu You and Liu Hua? Infrastructure construction will continuously improve the living environment of farmers and promote the development of modern agriculture.

(3) according to the actual situation of the village, adjust measures to local conditions, develop characteristic agriculture, realize agricultural modernization, promote agriculture through science and technology, and strengthen the village and enrich the people.

My village is Yuduo Town, which is a big water injection farming village. Give full play to its own industrial characteristics, enlarge and strengthen the aquaculture industry, unite farmers for large-scale production and sales, set up rural economic cooperatives, reduce market risks, build brands and improve the market competitiveness of products. In order to strengthen investment attraction, our village has introduced four projects this year, one of which is greenhouse mushroom cultivation. In the future production process, it is necessary to expand the scale, build an edible mushroom production base and a processing factory, and provide one-stop services of production, processing, sales, brand management, packaging and export, so as to strive for products with strong market competitiveness.

To build a well-off society in an all-round way and accelerate socialist modernization, we must speed up the development of modern agriculture, pay more attention to the countryside, care for farmers and support agriculture, put agriculture, countryside and farmers as the top priority of the whole party's work, and put them in a more prominent position, and strive to create a new situation in agriculture and rural work. I believe that in the near future, the rural economy of Huazhuang Village will surely step onto a new level and run towards a well-off society.

Investigation report on rural economic development II

How to go with the provincial party Committee? Grasp earthquake relief on the one hand and economic and social development on the other? It is required to thoroughly implement Scientific Outlook on Development, promote post-disaster recovery and reconstruction and economic and social development as a whole, and promote the healthy development of rural economy in Heishui County? To this end, the author went deep into more than 20 villages such as Changde Village in Shashi Township and related township enterprises and agriculture-related departments to conduct special investigations, and conducted some research and discussion through investigation and discussion.

First, the current situation of rural economic development in Heishui County

Heishui County is located in the northwest of Sichuan Province, in the middle of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, with an area of 4,356 square kilometers. The lowest elevation in the county is 1.790 meters, and the highest elevation is 5286 meters. The county has a total population of more than 58,000 people, of which the Tibetan population accounts for more than 92% and the agricultural population reaches 50,000. Due to the constraints of history, geography, transportation and other unfavorable factors, Heishui County's economic and social development, especially rural economic development, lags behind, and it is a key poverty alleviation and development county focusing on agriculture in the new stage of the country. In recent years, under the correct leadership of the state committee and government, Heishui County has made new achievements in economic and social development. The county's estimated GDP is 390 million yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 28.9%. It is estimated that the per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen is 2 192 yuan, an increase of 276 yuan over the previous year; The total grain output is expected to be 15207 tons, 783 tons less than planned. In the long run, the rural economy of Heishui County is restricted by weak agricultural infrastructure, low overall quality of farmers and herdsmen, unstable income channels, insufficient adjustment of industrial structure and other factors. The task of rural work faced by Heishui County in the new period is still very arduous.

(1) The rural natural conditions are harsh, the foundation of agriculture and animal husbandry is fragile, and the production and living conditions are harsh.

Heishui county suffers from natural disasters such as hail, debris flow, drought and flood every year, among which drought is the most serious, and spring drought, summer drought and summer drought often occur alternately. The ability of agricultural production in this county to resist natural disasters is weak. In addition, because rural land is mostly concentrated in high mountain areas, the mountains are steep, the soil is barren and the fertility is low. Although the transformation of 5000 mu of basic farmland has been completed, the agricultural production conditions are still poor. Through the vigorous implementation of the traffic smoothness project, 55 roads with 496 kilometers have been built in Tongcun, and the rural traffic conditions have been greatly improved. Affected by earthquake damage, the unobstructed ability of some rural tractor-ploughed roads is poor, and there are great security risks. The number of rural infrastructure is small, supporting facilities are not perfect, water conservancy facilities are seriously damaged, and drinking water for people and livestock and agricultural irrigation water in some areas has not been completely solved.

(B) The overall quality of the rural population is low, and the sense of development is not strong.

Limited by geographical conditions and cultural level, small wealth means security? 、? Small progress is full? 、? Wait, shit, want it? Inertia mentality still exists, lack of pioneering and innovative ability and adventurous spirit, and weak sense of innovation and development. The ability to accept science and technology is poor, the scientific and technological content of agricultural products is extremely low, and the traditional agricultural planting and management methods are basically maintained. There is a lack of practical talents in rural areas, and there are few science and technology demonstration households and large professional households. Farmers and herdsmen have a weak sense of science and technology and weak ability to accept new technologies and varieties.

(C) the slow development of social undertakings in rural areas makes it difficult to coordinate urban and rural development.

The level of rural education can no longer meet the needs of farmers and herdsmen for high-quality educational resources, which is manifested in the lack of high-quality educational resources and excellent teachers in rural areas, and the allocation of teachers' resources is seriously unbalanced. Rural medical and health construction is slow. The construction of rural public health system lags behind, and the rural disease prevention and control, maternal and child health care, health service and emergency system of public health emergencies are still not perfect. The rural social security system needs to be further improved.

(D) Rural areas lack vitality and motivation, and farmers and herdsmen have few channels to increase their income.

In order to actively broaden the channels for farmers and herdsmen to increase their income, Heishui County has been exploring new ways, measures and ideas to adjust the industrial structure and help farmers increase their income, and has successively guided farmers and herdsmen to engage in base construction, scientific and technological demonstration, off-season vegetables, special fruits and labor development, and achieved certain results. For example, there are 39 farmers in Changde Village, Shashi Township, with a population of 1, 7 1 and a per capita net income of 1, 805 yuan. With the full help of the State Party History Office, the village has implemented the aid? Change toilets, fences, water, roads, kitchens, solar energy, dams and garbage disposal points? Gaobanshan is a pilot project to get rid of poverty and become rich and well-off, and the rural infrastructure environment and sanitary conditions have been greatly improved. At the same time, we will intensify the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure, and guide villagers to plant 60 mu of lotus white, 22 mu of rhubarb, 0/00 mu of radix aucklandiae/kloc, 0.5 mu of Gentiana macrophylla, 2 mu of Bupleurum chinense and 60 mu of early-bearing walnuts; In addition, actively strive for more than 50 thousand yuan to build a village activity room, which provides a reliable guarantee for strengthening the construction of village-level positions and enriching the cultural life of the masses. In that year, the per capita net income of the village increased by 260 yuan, and the income of farmers and herdsmen increased significantly. At the same time, the Chinese cabbage in Simeigou Village and the green onions in Hongyan Township enjoy a high reputation in Chengdu, Nanchong and other markets. However, the scale of characteristic bases in the county is not large, and the current structural adjustment is generally limited to the level and level of scale expansion, variety renewal and layout adjustment. The popularization and application of agricultural practical technology needs to be further strengthened, and the scientific and technological content is not high. Farmers lack new planting techniques for new varieties, especially advanced concepts in product packaging and transportation. Some cadres and the masses can't grasp the marketing information, and farmers and other lotus flowers and onions are finally unsalable.

Second, suggestions to accelerate the development of rural economy in Heishui County

(A) clear the guiding ideology and objectives and tasks of rural economic development under the new situation.

According to the deployment of the Seventh Plenary Session of the Ninth CPC Central Committee, our county proposed? Maintaining stability, grasping reconstruction, strengthening agriculture, countryside and farmers, strengthening pillars, promoting development and creating brilliance? Overall working ideas, using Scientific Outlook on Development? Work on agriculture, countryside and farmers, in? Grasp reconstruction? And then what? Strong agriculture, countryside and farmers? Focusing on the goal of increasing production and efficiency of agriculture and animal husbandry and increasing the income of farmers and herdsmen, we will seize the opportunities of post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction, national project to enrich the people and benefit the people, poverty alleviation and development, comprehensive prevention and treatment of Kaschin-Beck disease, settlement of herdsmen, and construction of new socialist countryside, and determine the rural work goal of xx: the total agricultural output value of the county will reach 1.8 1 100 million yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 4%; The total sown area of grain in the whole year was stable at more than 654.38+10,000 mu, and the total grain output was stable at more than10.5 million tons. The output value of animal husbandry reached 57.52 million yuan, with an average annual increase of 4%; The per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen has increased by more than 10% annually. The rural economic system is more sound, the construction of modern agriculture and animal husbandry has made remarkable progress, the comprehensive benefits have been significantly improved, the construction of rural grassroots organizations has been further strengthened, social undertakings have been more complete, and the capacity for sustainable development has been continuously enhanced.

(B) to deepen rural reform as an opportunity to strengthen the basic system of rural development.

First, stabilize and improve the rural basic management system. Adhere to the two-tier management system based on household contract management and combining unified management with separate management, endow farmers and herdsmen with more adequate and secure land and grassland contract management rights, and keep the existing land and grassland contract relationship stable for a long time. Efforts should be made to promote the innovation of agricultural and animal husbandry management system and mechanism, and accelerate the transformation of agricultural and animal husbandry management mode. Actively develop a new collective economy, vigorously cultivate new cooperative organizations, establish and improve the socialized service system for agriculture and animal husbandry, strive to improve the degree of organization, promote unified management and develop joint cooperation between farmers and herdsmen, and form a diversified, multi-level and multi-form management service system.

The second is to establish and improve the rural land management system. In accordance with the principles of clear property rights, use control, economy and intensive management, we will further improve the rural land and grassland management system and ensure 96,000 mu of cultivated land in the county. The third is to establish and improve the support and protection system for agriculture and animal husbandry. Increase investment in rural infrastructure construction and social development, and increase investment in rural public welfare construction projects. Broaden the sources of investment in agriculture and animal husbandry, integrate agricultural (animal husbandry) investment projects and funds, strengthen the use and supervision of funds, and improve the efficiency of fund use. The fourth is to establish a modern rural financial service system. Strengthen the construction of rural financial system. We will increase support for rural financial policies, broaden financing channels, and guide credit funds and social funds to invest in rural areas. Increase investment in agriculture and animal husbandry credit, guide financial institutions to expand the scale of agriculture and animal husbandry credit, increase the proportion of agriculture and animal husbandry credit, and increase financial service products. Give strong support to the restoration and reconstruction of agriculture and animal husbandry from the aspects of total credit, guarantee, interest rate, term and service. Relax the guarantee conditions and expand the scope of effective collateral in rural areas.

(3) Take the road of development of agriculture and animal husbandry with modern characteristics with the help of intensive drive.

Follow? High yield, high quality, high efficiency and ecological security? Accelerate the transformation of the development mode of agriculture and animal husbandry, build a modern agricultural and animal husbandry industrial system, improve the land output rate, resource utilization rate, labor productivity and commercialization rate of agricultural and animal products, promote agricultural and animal husbandry efficiency and increase farmers' income, and promote the leap from traditional agriculture and animal husbandry to modern agriculture and animal husbandry. First, vigorously develop agriculture and animal husbandry with characteristic benefits. Using the unique natural advantages and climatic conditions of Heishui, adjust the structure according to local conditions and develop characteristic industries. Vigorously develop virus-free potatoes, high-quality pigs and other characteristic industries, as well as anti-season vegetables, extra-early walnuts, high-quality late-maturing peaches, bean potatoes and buckwheat, native chickens, authentic Chinese herbal medicines and so on. And create a number of fine agriculture and animal husbandry and the formation of well-known brands? One township, one industry, one village and one product? Characteristic economy. Develop 2,000 mu of characteristic fruits and 20,000 mu of green pollution-free vegetables in suitable areas; Popularize high-quality wheat/kloc-0.5 million mu, high-quality highland barley 20,000 mu, high-quality corn/kloc-0.0 million mu, high-quality beans 20,000 mu, high-quality virus-free potato 20,000 mu, high-quality buckwheat/kloc-0.0 million mu and other food crops in suitable grain producing areas; We will develop 10,000 mu of authentic Chinese herbal medicines, mainly Radix Aucklandiae, Radix Bupleuri, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei and Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae, in the high mountain areas, and open up new financial resources for farmers to get rich. Accelerate the development of characteristic aquaculture, focus on building a pig industry, vigorously develop captive goats and small livestock and poultry, improve the commodity rate of livestock and poultry, and slaughter 85,000 livestock and poultry. Actively develop characteristic forest industry, focusing on the development of 4000 mu of extra-early walnut, and accelerate the development of follow-up industries.

The second is to accelerate the development of secondary and tertiary industries. Develop in Shashiduo Township, Lu Hua Town, Selugu Township, Zhimulin Township, Kalong Town and along the tourist route? Farmhouse? 、? Tibetan music? More than 50 companies have opened up fields (orchards), Tibetan and Qiang restaurants, photography, shopping and other sightseeing experiences. A number of ecological, folk-custom, red and leisure tourism projects will be built to promote the development of tourism-related industries such as processing and sales of agricultural and sideline products with agricultural (Tibetan) music, and the per capita tourism income will be more than 100 yuan. At the same time, promote the development of catering, entertainment, sightseeing and shopping, transportation and logistics, and broaden the channels for farmers to increase their income. The third is to establish and improve a new socialized service system for agriculture and animal husbandry. Gradually establish and improve village-level service stations, and build a diversified grass-roots technical service system and production and operation service system of agriculture and animal husbandry, which is led by agricultural and animal husbandry technology extension institutions and based on rural cooperative economic organizations, with the extensive participation of agricultural and animal husbandry scientific research, demonstration education, supply and marketing cooperatives, large professional households and agriculture-related (animal husbandry) enterprises. Take the road of production, supply and marketing, integration of production and marketing, company+base+professional organization+farmers, and constantly improve the degree of organization and marketization of agricultural and animal husbandry production.

(four) to restore and rebuild as a link, increase and improve rural infrastructure construction.

Focus on the restoration and reconstruction of the infrastructure damaged by the Wenchuan earthquake, further increase investment, mobilize the masses to do a good job in the reconstruction of agricultural and animal husbandry production facilities, restore agricultural and animal husbandry production and rural economy as soon as possible, continuously improve production conditions and improve people's living standards.

First, strengthen the capital construction of farmland water conservancy. Efforts will be made to reorganize and rebuild the farmland damaged by the earthquake and the irrigation canal system of the damaged farmland, so as to restore high and stable yield farmland as soon as possible. Heishui will restore and transform the damaged land 1.5 million mu. Construction of diversion irrigation project, restoration and new effective irrigation area of 7000 mu. Actively carry out the transformation of low-yield fields and the construction of supporting infrastructure such as permanent rural drinking water safety projects.

The second is to speed up the restoration and reconstruction of rural transportation and communication. On the basis of scientific planning for post-disaster recovery and reconstruction, priority should be given to the recovery and reconstruction of rural roads, and the recovery and reconstruction of damaged roads, tractor roads, grazing roads and forest roads in the village should be completed. Vigorously strengthen the restoration and reconstruction of communication trunk networks and mobile base stations, give priority to the construction of rural public communication networks and emergency communication capabilities, promote the construction of networked comprehensive service platforms, improve rural communication service levels and emergency preparedness capabilities, and gradually realize urban and rural network information sharing.

The third is to improve the ability of rural disaster prediction, disposal and self-help. Strengthen the monitoring and early warning of earthquake disasters, disastrous weather and geological disasters, and improve the monitoring level. Publicity and popularization of disaster prevention and mitigation knowledge, improve the disposal plan, enhance the ability of disaster disposal and the ability of farmers and herdsmen to avoid disasters and save themselves. Strengthen the construction of flood control and drought relief facilities and monitoring and early warning capabilities, improve the disaster-resistant support capabilities of rural roads, power supply, water supply and communication facilities, improve the construction quality of public facilities such as rural schools and hospitals, and implement safety standards and responsibilities.

(5) Focusing on promoting rural public utilities and promoting the harmonious development of rural society.

Adhere to the overall development of urban and rural social undertakings in a more prominent position, gradually expand the coverage of public finance in rural areas, increase investment, innovate mechanisms, and strive to promote the equalization of urban and rural public services, so that the majority of farmers and herdsmen can learn to teach, earn income from their work, get medical care, provide for their old age and live.

The first is to develop rural education. Improve and implement the funding guarantee mechanism for rural compulsory education, improve the conditions for running rural compulsory education, improve the quality of rural compulsory education, and promote the balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education. Vigorously develop rural boarding schools and gradually raise the standard of living allowance for boarders. Further optimize the layout and structure of rural primary and secondary schools, and rationally allocate and make full use of existing educational resources. Actively promote the reform of the education and personnel system, and implement the appointment system for all primary and secondary school teachers, the system of teacher qualification access, the system of competitive appointment, the contract system for newly hired teachers, and the system of urban schools and teachers supporting rural schools.

The second is to strengthen rural medical and health undertakings. Pay close attention to the reconstruction of medical and health institutions after the disaster, focusing on accelerating the restoration and reconstruction of infrastructure such as township hospitals and village clinics and the construction of supporting facilities. Gradually establish and improve the rural three-level medical and health service system led by county health and medical institutions. Improve the supervision and management mechanism of rural public health, realize the safety of rural public health, and consolidate the achievements of new rural cooperative medical care.

The third is to promote rural cultural construction. In-depth implementation of culture to benefit the people? Project, to further increase support for rural cultural industries, to dig? Drifting? Represented by national culture and red culture, we will actively carry out rural cultural and sports activities and advocate a healthy, civilized and progressive new way of rural life.

The fourth is to build a rural social security system. Accelerate the establishment and improvement of rural social security system and establish a new rural social endowment insurance system. Further improve the rural minimum living security system, be foolproof, and gradually improve the level of security. Improve rural five-guarantee households and three orphans? Personnel support and assistance system, promote centralized support, and constantly improve the level of support. We will implement preferential policies for the families of martyrs and disabled retired soldiers and actively do a good job in the cause of the elderly and the disabled in rural areas.

Fifth, strengthen rural grassroots democratic construction and social management. Actively explore effective ways of democratic management, improve the mechanism of villagers' autonomy, and fully protect villagers' right to vote, know, participate, make decisions and supervise. Further improve? One thing and one discussion? System, the implementation of village affairs, government affairs and financial disclosure, and promote the institutionalization, standardization and proceduralization of the villagers' self-government system.