Ten extremely cold places: the village of Oymyakon, Russia

For friends in the south, it may be that they can't stand the zero-degree cold. In fact, compared with extremely cold places, it is really nine Niu Yi hairs. It's normal to have tens of degrees below zero in winter here. Then this issue of urban culture will be analyzed for you.

brief introduction

Oymyakon is located in the Saha Republic of Eastern Siberia, 800 kilometers east of the capital Yakutsk, with an area of 422 square kilometers. It is one of the "cold poles" in the upper reaches of the Indigilka River in the northern hemisphere. Oymyakon is one of the coldest permanent settlements in the world, where 500 villagers live all the year round. In mid-October of 2065438+2008/kloc-0, the extremely cold weather of minus 67 degrees Celsius was measured in Oymyakang village, which almost equaled the record of minus 67.7 degrees Celsius measured in February of 1933.

Cold cause

High latitude will lead to less solar radiation per unit area. The approximate location of Oymyakon is 63 north latitude and 0/43 east longitude, which belongs to a relatively northerly area. Every winter solstice, the daytime at this latitude is only 3.5 hours. At this time, it is also in the polar night period of the Arctic Circle. Because it is close to the Arctic Circle, the sunshine time in this area is not much longer than that in the Arctic. But they also live inland, far away from any marine water body that has a moderate impact on the local weather. Besides, Oymyakon is located in the valley surrounded by Chersky Mountains and Vilho Yansk Mountains in the east, west and south, and has basin topography. Warm air from the south is blocked out, while cold air from the north can drive in directly, stagnate and accumulate in the valley, surrounded by mountains, and the cold air flows down the hillside to the basin bottom, making the basin bottom even colder.

Climatic characteristics

Oymyakon is located in the climate zone of eastern Siberia, which makes it have the most remarkable continental climate characteristics, characterized by huge temperature difference between winter and summer and between day and night. Winter is long and cold, with the average temperature below -40℃ in three months of the year, the coldest month is 65438+1October, and the average temperature in 65438+1October is about -47℃. Summer is cool but short. The average temperature in July is 13 ~ 16℃, and the average annual temperature is about-16℃. The annual rainfall in Oymyakon is between 200 and 240mm, and almost 60% of the rainfall is in June and August. Although Oymyakon is neither in the Arctic nor in the Arctic Circle, it is one of the coldest places in the northern hemisphere in winter (colder than the Arctic). At the same time, it is also the place with the highest annual temperature difference in the world, with an absolute temperature of 105℃.