Who has been to Newfoundland, Canada? I am going to study soon. Is there anything interesting there?

abstract

zone

physioclimate

history

socioeconomics

Travel and tourism

Newfoundland fishery

Newfoundland

English: Newfoundland, French: Terre-Neuve, which means "newly discovered land".

[Edit this paragraph] Overview

An Atlantic island off the east coast of the North American continent. It controls the estuary of St. Lawrence Bay in the west, faces Labrador Peninsula across Bell Island Strait in the north, faces cabot Strait across cape breton island in the southwest, and borders French Saint Pierre and Miquelon Islands in the south. Slightly triangular, a peninsula extends to the northwest and southeast into the sea. Area 1 1. 1 ten thousand square kilometers, population 466 172(2006 statistics 5438+0). The main body is a low plateau about 300 meters above sea level, with bare rocks and scattered lakes and swamps. Changling Mountain Range extends along the west coast in the map trend of Newfoundland in the northeast-southwest of China, with an altitude of 600 meters, and the highest point is Lewis Hills in the southwest of China, with an altitude of 8 14 meters. In addition to the long and narrow coastal plain in the west, the plateau terrain inclines to the northeast, and major rivers also flow into the Atlantic Ocean from the northeast. The low-lying east is the main agricultural area. The coast is very tortuous, with more than 60 meters of cliffs, bays and islands.

It belongs to the continental climate of the sub-cold zone, with the Labrador cold current heading south along the east coast, and Leng Xia is cool in winter. In winter, affected by the continental air mass, the average temperature in 65438+ 10 is -4 ~-9℃, and the weather is changeable. In summer, affected by the Atlantic air mass, the average temperature in July is 10 ~ 15℃, and the eastern coast is foggy. Humid, annual precipitation 1, 000 ~ 1, 500mm, even in all seasons. About 1/3 area is rich in water, with calcareous soil covering coniferous forests dominated by Chinese fir and pine trees. Plateau soil is barren and vegetation is sparse. Most wild animals are elk, reindeer and black bears. Located on the southeast coast, Newfoundland Shoal is 800 kilometers long, 320 kilometers wide and 100 meters deep. It is located at the intersection of Labrador cold current and North Atlantic warm current, and is one of the best fishing grounds in the world. It is rich in cod, sole, herring, salmon and other fish.

The original English meaning of Newfoundland is newly discovered land. Since the navigator cabot discovered this island inhabited by Indians and Inuit in 1497, Britain and France fought for its sovereignty for a long time and became a British colony in 1824. 1949 joined the Canadian Federation and formed Newfoundland Province with Labrador Peninsula in Northeast China.

[Edit this paragraph] Terrain

Originally a continuation of Appalachian highlands in North America, it sank into an island. The main body is a low plateau about 300 meters above sea level, eroded by Quaternary glaciers, but the rocks in grand banks, Newfoundland are exposed, and lakes and swamps are dotted. The Changling Mountains, composed of Precambrian rocks, extend in the northeast-southwest direction along the west coast, with an altitude of 600 meters, and the highest point is Mount Lewis with an altitude of 865,438+04 meters in the southwest. In addition to the long and narrow coastal plain in the west, the plateau terrain inclines to the northeast, and major rivers also flow into the Atlantic Ocean from the northeast. The eastern part with low terrain and deep modern sedimentation is the main farming area. The coast is very tortuous, with more than 60 meters of cliffs, bays and islands.

[Edit this paragraph] Natural climate

It belongs to the continental climate of the sub-cold zone, with the Labrador cold current heading south along the east coast, and Leng Xia is cool in winter. In winter, affected by the continental air mass, the average temperature in 65438+ 10 is -4 ~-9℃, and the weather is changeable. In summer, affected by the Atlantic air mass, the average temperature in July is 10 ~ 15℃, and the eastern coast is foggy. Humid, annual precipitation 1, 000 ~ 1, 500mm, even in all seasons. About 1/3 area is rich in water, with calcareous soil covering coniferous forests dominated by Chinese fir and pine trees. Plateau soil is barren and vegetation is sparse. Most wild animals are elk, reindeer and black bears. Newfoundland's beautiful iceberg, 800 kilometers long along the southeast coast, is melting the Newfoundland Shoal with a width of 320 kilometers and an average depth of 100 meter. It is located at the intersection of Labrador cold current and North Atlantic warm current, and it is one of the best fishing grounds in the world. It is rich in cod, sole, herring, salmon and other fish.

Located at 46 37 ′ ~ 565 438+0 38 ′ north latitude, close to the mainland, Labrador cold current goes south along the east coast. In winter, affected by the continental air mass, the average temperature in 65438+ 10 is -4 ~-9℃, with frequent cyclone activities and changeable weather. In summer, affected by the Atlantic air mass, the average temperature in July is 10 ~ 15℃, and the eastern coast is foggy. The annual precipitation is about 1000 ~ 1500mm, which is evenly distributed in seasons and slightly more in summer. There is a lot of snowfall in the north. About13 of the whole island is covered by coniferous forests, which are mainly distributed in the west and river valleys with good drainage and calcareous soil development. The dominant tree species are eucalyptus and spruce. The central plateau has poor soil, poor drainage and sparse vegetation. Wild animals are mainly elk, reindeer and black bears. Newfoundland Shoal on the southeast coast, where the Labrador cold current meets the North Atlantic warm current, is one of the largest fishing grounds in the world, rich in cod, flounder, herring, salmon and other fish.

[Edit this paragraph] History

Originally inhabited by Indians and Inuit. /kloc-at the end of 0/00 century, the vikings sailed here from Greenland, and they tried to build a settlement on the island, but in 1006, they were resisted by the islanders and were forced to retreat. Northwest European countries naturally envy profitable empires such as Spain and Portugal. However, for a long time, they refrained from violating the scope of activities of these empires, not out of respect for the Pope's instructions, but because they were afraid of Iberian forces. Therefore, the British and French turned to the North Atlantic outside Iberian activities. 1496, that is, the year when Columbus returned to the west for the second time, the Englishman henry vii sent john cabot to sail in the direction of the North Atlantic. By 1497, the island was rediscovered and named by Italian navigator John Capote. 1583, Britain declared Newfoundland as its colony, but it has never been able to establish effective rule over it, and France once controlled the southern and western coasts of the island. According to the 1763 Paris Treaty, France withdrew from Newfoundland, leaving only two small islands, St. Pierre and Miquelon, at the mouth of the St. Lawrence River, and Britain established its rule over the island. 19 17 became a dominion. 1927 Labrador was placed under its jurisdiction. 1949 In March, Newfoundland and the northeast of Labrador Peninsula formed Canada 10 province.

During World War I, Newfoundland troops suffered heavy losses in France. It is estimated that the island lost a quarter of its young and middle-aged men in the fighting. This caused the island's economy to collapse frequently after the war. Newfoundland once became an independent country after World War I, and it was not until 1949 that it gave up its independent status and joined Canada. As the youngest province in Canada, Newfoundland presents completely different characteristics in culture.

[Edit this paragraph] Social economy

The population is mainly distributed in coastal areas, with unique cultural and artistic styles, and is known as the living archives of folk art, with the Avalon Peninsula in the southeast being the most dense; St. John is the capital of Newfoundland province, located at the northeast end of the peninsula, and was built in 1888. It is the largest city in the province, a natural harbor, a fishing and manufacturing center.

The country's economy is famous for its fishing. Since the 20th century, the economy has become diversified. About13 of the population on the island is directly or indirectly related to fishery production. The annual fishing capacity is more than 500,000 tons, there are hundreds of processing enterprises, and the production is increasingly modernized. The wood processing industry ranks first, and Konbrook and Great Falls are the centers of pulp and paper industry. The mining industry is dominated by zinc, lead, silver, copper in Backens in the midwest and asbestos mines near weir te in the north bank, and it is also an important economic sector. Abundant submarine oil and gas have been discovered in Newfoundland Shoal. Energy mainly depends on hydropower, and the power station is close to the wood processing industry and mining center. The whole island of expressway is about 9,600 kilometers, and the railway is 840 kilometers. There are regular ferries connecting with the mainland through cabot Strait and Bell Island Strait. Gander International Airport in the northeast is the northwest Atlantic aviation center. St. John, the capital, is located at the northeast end of Avalon Peninsula, with a population of 84,000, and the urban area is155,000 (198 1). It is the largest city in Newfoundland, a natural port, fishing and manufacturing center.

Newfoundland Shoal is rich in oil and natural gas. The traffic between North America and Europe is very important and developed. In the west, there is an 840-kilometer railway from Basque Port to St. John in the east, a 9600-kilometer expressway connecting the main towns of the island, regular ferries connecting the mainland with the South and North Straits, and domestic and international routes taking Gander in the northeast as the aviation center of the Northwest Atlantic.

[Edit this paragraph] Travel

Complementing the natural landscape formed in 65.438+0.2 billion years is the human landscape in Newfoundland for nearly 5,000 years. Before Columbus discovered America, Newfoundland was already the gateway for Europeans to explore the new continent. Newfoundland was once an independent country and decided to join the Canadian Federation by referendum in 1949. This decision makes it the youngest province in Canada and brings Canada the longest history in the New World of North America.

Grossmo National Park, located on the west coast of Newfoundland, combines the natural beauty of Newfoundland. The peculiar terrain here strongly confirms the theory of continental plate drift, provides rare scientific basis and teaching materials for the international geological community, and also shows people the magnificent wonders of the earth. This is an ideal destination for geologists, archaeologists and biologists, field travelers, nature lovers and photographers.

Newfoundland covers an area of 400,000 square kilometers and has only 500,000 residents. In addition, the island is one of the four famous fishing grounds in the world, and thousands of kilometers of coastline are dotted with fishing villages. Away from the pollution and destruction of modern industry, Newfoundland's charming natural beauty makes countless people relaxed and happy. In the past fifteen years, the government of Newfoundland has continuously invested in developing the province's tourism industry and built a large number of infrastructure.

The scenery in the west of Newfoundland is particularly beautiful. Cedar Valley is located in the west of Newfoundland, Canada. This valley has a landscape of Yuan Ye, where wild animals live. The air is fresh and pleasant, and the river is clean and clear. The cedar river flows through it, and the river flows into the beautiful deer lake, a 20-kilometer-long freshwater lake, and then into the Atlantic Ocean.

In order to attract and facilitate tourists, with the approval of the Newfoundland provincial government, a 2 1 century forest resort will be built on about 320 hectares of virgin forest land along the coast of Land Rover Lake in Xiangbai Valley. The resort consists of several luxurious Swiss-style holiday villas, a 18-hole golf course, hiking trails, ski trails, lakeside beach areas, yacht parking centers, swimming pools, tennis courts and other recreational facilities. Each holiday villa covers an area of about one mu (4,050 square meters), and the building area is about 1.70 square meters, all of which are made of spruce or partition buildings, which fully embodies the quiet and comfortable life of Canadian style.

Some glaciers in Newfoundland are over 65,438+05,000 years old. These glaciers are 20 stories high and may weigh more than 654.38+million tons.

[Edit this paragraph] Newfoundland Fishing Ground

Newfoundland fishing ground is known as "you can walk ashore by stepping on the back of cod in the water". 1496, that is, the year when Columbus returned to the west for the second time, henry vii of England sent john cabot to sail in the direction of the North Atlantic. Cabot, a cod in Newfoundland, discovered a resource that proved to be more valuable than Spanish silver mine: he discovered fish. The waters around Newfoundland are rich in fish, which may be the most important commodity in European trade in 15 and 16 centuries, and it is the main support of people in winter, and it is also the food stipulated in the fasting day all the year round. It is as famous as Hokkaido Fishing Ground in Japan, Beihai Fishing Ground in Europe and Peru Fishing Ground.

Cause of formation: Located at the intersection of the Gulf Warm Current and the Labrador Cold Current, seawater disturbance led to the flooding of nutrients, which provided rich bait for fish, and fish multiplied here, thus forming.

However, in 1950s and 1960s, large mechanized trawlers sailed into Newfoundland Bay in droves, and the fishing grounds were destroyed immediately. Their huge fishing net sweeps across the bottom of the sea. No matter where they go, it is difficult for fish, turtles, shrimps and crabs to escape from this net. This time, they don't need to transport the "victory" back to the shore for processing, because the wide fishing boat that goes out to sea can work on the spot, and the ship is equipped with modern freezing technology, and the one-stop operation mode can quickly freeze and keep fresh the caught fresh fish. By the 1990s, the number of cod had dropped to 2% 20 years ago, reaching an all-time low. In this way, the world-famous Newfoundland fishing ground was erased forever. This is a disaster caused by human greed. As the fishing ground with the richest cod resources, this fishing ground suddenly became history.

About Titanic:

The Titanic sank near Newfoundland.

The latitude and longitude are 42 37' 4.05 "north latitude and 48 23'1.64" west longitude.