Descendants of Shen Wansan.

There is no one in old Nanjing who doesn't know that there is a Shen Wansan in Nanjing. According to folklore, relying on the cornucopia, Shen Wansan invested and Daming regime built the Ming City Wall in Nanjing, which was finally envied by Zhu Yuanzhang and the whole family was sent to Yunnan. In the following decades, the Shen Wansan clan was washed several times and finally disappeared in the long river of history. Due to the lack of historical data, where Shen Wansan's descendants are has become an unsolved case. This super-rich man, who is well-known in official history, unofficial history and even legends, has undoubtedly become another fortune. Zhouzhuang, Jiangsu, Lijiang, Yunnan and other places have been competing to claim that "descendants of Shen Wansan" are within their geographical scope. What Shen Wansan earns is the tourism economy. But where are the real descendants of Shen Wansan? Are Zhouzhuang and Lijiang the final destination of Shen Wansan and his family? What kind of life do these descendants live?

A Nanjing photographer, who spent five years traveling around five provinces, made textual research and concluded a bold conclusion in June 20 12: the descendants of Shen Wansan lived in seclusion in the mountainous areas of Guizhou, and continued the complete clan system of the Shen Shi family and the living habits of the Ming Dynasty. The photographer's name is Tashi Liu, a senior photographer of Oriental Culture Weekly. As an old Nanjing, Zhaxiliu has been devoted to researching and excavating the traditional folk culture of Nanjing, and began to look for Shen Wansan's footprints, which began in 2007 as an accidental clue. Since then, Tashiliu has been spending time in consulting historical documents and constant field investigations. 20 13 May, Cha threw out the views of Shen Wansan's descendants in Guizhou according to the information he visited. He described to reporters the reasons why Shen Wansan's descendants stayed in Guizhou. Speaking of how this conclusion was reached, Tashiliu can only describe it as "a long story".

Investigation on "Nanjing adherents"

At that time, when Zha Xiliu was traveling in Taihang Mountain area of Henan Province, he learned that there were many descendants of Nanjing people there. After investigation, he found that the ancestors of these "Nanjing adherents" were sent here at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty. In later interviews, Cha found that the descendants of Nanjing adherents have traveled all over Fujian, Jiangxi, Yunnan, Sichuan and Henan, among which the descendants of Nanjing adherents found in Guizhou in 2000 were the most amazing, and many descendants of Nanjing adherents even retained their dress customs more than 600 years ago. At that time, Za Liu Xi had a bold idea: Are there any great people among the ancestors of these Indonesians? Like Shen Wansan.

Many years later, when Tashi Liu officially started looking for Shen Wansan's footprints, he seemed to have forgotten this almost intuitive idea. At that time, Cha was studying the customs of Menxi area, and Shen Wansan became an unavoidable research object. I didn't expect the research on Shen Wansan to get out of hand, and the more research, the more interesting it becomes. For example, Madao Street is the place where Shen Wansan raises horses, and Tiehuantong Lane is the place where Shen Wansan lives. The origin of carpenter camp is because Shen Wansan likes carpentry, and the cornucopia is originally a toilet ... All kinds of legends, true or false, make Shen Wansan's story confusing. Looking up a lot of materials, I found that there are many records about Shen Wansan's life and deeds in the official history and unofficial history, but they were not recorded after they were sent. Shen Wansan has a rich history and a huge family. His descendants will never disappear. So, where did these descendants of Shen Shi go?

Zhouzhuang is a descendant of Ponzi in Shen Wansan.

At first, Tashi Liu turned his attention to Zhouzhuang, Jiangsu. At that time, with the signboards of Shen Wansan's former residence and later generations, Zhouzhuang quickly became the most popular tourist destination in East China. People who travel to Zhouzhuang will definitely go to Shenting, where Shen Wansan is said to have lived, and try the "Sanma" named after it. After several twists and turns, Tashi Liu thinks it is unlikely that Shen Wansan's descendants will live in Zhouzhuang. Zhaxi Liu's textual research and historical records prove that Shen Wansan has always regarded Zhouzhuang as a place for establishing a career, developing land and real estate and overseas trade, and once lived here. But in the early Ming Dynasty, Shen Wansan was forced to move his family to Nanjing until he was sent to Yunnan. Shen Wansan's younger brother Shen Gui (known as Shen in the world) stayed in Zhouzhuang, and he is a descendant of Shen Shi in Zhouzhuang. As for the rest of Shen Shi's descendants, in the 19th year of Hongwu (A.D. 1386) and the 31st year of Hongwu (A.D. 1398), they were implicated by the court twice, their property was copied, their grandchildren were imprisoned and died, their great-grandchildren and son-in-law were copied, and Shen Shi was greatly weakened (as recorded in Zhouzhuang Town Records). Tashiliu speculated that Shen Wansan in history was not only an extremely rich businessman, but also made friends with the princes and ministers of North Korea, which would certainly keep the family blood. The question is, what means did he use? Where did you hide your offspring?

Yunnan-Guizhou is the last place where Shen Wansan stayed.

After searching for clues in Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi and Guangdong, Cha Liuxi finally decided to go to Yunnan. According to the Biography of Ma Hou in Ming Taizu, Shen Wansan was stationed in Yunnan in the sixth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (AD 1373). However, the deeds since then have not been recorded in the Ming history. After three trips to Yunnan, I followed Shen Wansan's footsteps and visited many local scholars in Kunming, Dali and Lijiang, and finally found clues in two local documents. According to Yi San's Essays and Zhang Sanfeng's Collected Works, Shen Wansan was sent to Yunnan with the help of Mu Ying, who was guarding Yunnan. Mu Ying and Wan San were friends, so Zhu Yuanzhang was furious. Mu Ying asked Shen Wansan to enter Yunnan on the grounds of "managing money for West Road". In fact, Shen Wansan and his descendants spared no effort to help Jia Mu build Yunnan. Finally, in the 26th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1393), Shen Wansan traveled to Zhang Sanfeng, Yunnan Province as his teacher and lived in seclusion in Xishan near Dali. But these history books still don't explain where Shen Wansan's descendants are. At that time, another Shenjia village was found in Lijiang, Yunnan, which is said to be a descendant of Shen Shi sent to Yunnan. Tashiliu ran to Yunnan again after hearing the news. Although everyone in the village was surnamed Shen, no further evidence was found. Check and study folk customs. He knows that it is not enough to rely solely on the words of historians to prove the problems left over by history. The most direct and powerful evidence is genealogy or ancestral hall.

20 1 1 Before the Spring Festival, a friend's reminder made Tashi Liu suddenly enlightened. As early as 2000, Zhaxiliu interviewed a group of descendants of Nanjing adherents in Tunpu, Guizhou, and the time when their ancestors moved was roughly consistent with the time when the Shen Wansan family sent them to Yunnan. A friend said: Aren't Yunnan and Guizhou the same? Indeed, Zhaxiliu carefully studied and found that the establishment of Guizhou Province was just after the government sent troops to Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau on a large scale in the early Ming Dynasty. Prior to this, Guizhou and Yunnan were collectively referred to as "Yunnan". Shen Wansan's entry into Yunnan may be a big geographical concept. On the second day of this breakthrough inference, Zhaxiliu bought a plane ticket to Guizhou and plunged into the Tunpu area of Pingba County, Anshun City. Tunpu is a gathering place of Nanjing adherents, which was reported many times not long ago. According to historical records, in the second year of Hongwu (A.D. 1369), General Tang He and General Mu Ying led 200,000 troops south here and finally settled down. There are still many small towns left here. Will the descendants of Shen Wansan be here?

Genealogy left by ancestors

"Found it! Descendants of Shen Wansan ",when Tashi Liu visited Tunpu towns, he accidentally heard that Tianlong Town here has four surnames: Chen, Zheng, Shen and Zhang. Among them, the Shen family has various customs different from other families, such as doing business for generations, offering sacrifices to the god of wealth every year, and offering sacrifices to ancestors in the northeast, that is, Nanjing every year. Zhaxiliu visited several influential local people in Shen Shi successively: Shen Keru, the headmaster of Tianlong Town School, Shen, the cadre of Pingba County Committee, and Shen Xiangdong, the head of Shen Shi clan who still lives in the old house, and learned a lot of interesting things about Shen family. These things make Tashi Liu feel that Shen Shi is probably a descendant of Shen Wansan.

Inference conclusion of Zhaxiliu According to these findings, Zhaxiliu speculated this possibility. In order to protect his offspring, Shen Wansan wrapped them in Mu Ying's army and went south to Yunnan and Guizhou. Under the care of officers such as Chen and Zheng sent by Mu Ying, Shen Wansan's descendants and their huge family lived in Tunpu in anonymity. (Shen Wansan's descendants may be the second son Shen Mao, because the eldest son Wang Shen and his descendants have been counted by the court, but there is no record of Shen Mao in history. )

In order to protect the blood of the family, the Shen family has been anonymous, but in order to show that they don't forget their ancestors. The Shen family set some ancestral teachings: for example, live in a tunpu forever; Sacrifice to the god of wealth, namely "Shen Wansan"; Sort by genealogy with hidden codes; Doing business for generations and so on. In order to protect other members of the family from being implicated, the Shenyang family did not intermarry with the other three ethnic groups; As for the fourth surname of the four families-Zhang, it may be a descendant of Zhang Shicheng, because historical records show that Shen Wansan and Zhang Shicheng are close friends and have always sheltered the descendants of Zhang. Perhaps the worries of the ancestors of Shen family were right. 100 (just about five dynasties), it was robbed several times before and after Shen Shi in the south of the Yangtze River, and Shen Shi gradually declined. This one, which continues in Guizhou, is still intact. Even today, they dress, talk and act with the habits of more than 500 years ago.