Recently, my house is suddenly filled with a kind of black bugs, which makes me feel numb. I want to ask what kind of bugs they are. (There is a picture)

This insect is "millipede"

Millipede, also called millipede. Millipedes belong to the phylum Myriapoda, subclass Diplopodia, phylum Arthropods. It occurs in all parts of the country. In addition to lawns, the affected plants also include cyclamen, cineraria, orchids, maidenhair ferns, crabapples, bell crabapples, asparagus and other flowering plants.

Arthropoda (Arthropoda) Diplopoda (Diplopoda) animals.

Distributed worldwide, Diplopods and other animals of several classes are often collectively called Myriapods. There are about 10,000 species of millipedes, which live on and feed on decaying plants. Some are also harmful to plants, and a few are predators or carrion eaters. It is characterized by two pairs of body segments (double body segment). Except for the head segment which has no legs and the three body segments after the head segment have one pair of legs each, the other body segments have 2 pairs of legs per segment, and the total number of legs can be as many as 200. right.

Except for the first 4 segments, each pair of somites contains 2 pairs of internal organs: 2 pairs of ganglia and 2 pairs of cardiac arteries. The scolex contains antennae, a single eye and a pair of large and small palates. The number of body segments varies, from 11 to more than 100, and the body length is 2 to 280 mm (0.08 to 11 inches). All millipedes except one order have calcareous back plates.

When defending themselves, millipedes do not bite. Instead, they curl up their bodies with their heads inside and their exoskeleton on the outside. Many species may have side glands that secrete an irritating venom or gas to defend against predators.

The class Diplopoda includes species commonly found in many gardens, such as Julus terrestris (sometimes called Iulus terrestris), which is 25 mm (1 inch) long. It is native to Europe and has been introduced to North America. ; The smooth-bodied species are commonly known as wireworms.

Some millipedes are eyeless and brightly colored, such as the 25-mm-long greenhouse millipede (Oxidus gracilis). One of the most striking and common species is the American beetle (Narceus americanus) in the forests of the southeastern United States. It is 10 centimeters (4 inches) long and comes in black and red colors.

Biological characteristics: Malus likes dampness and dampness. They generally live on the surface of lawn soil, under clods of soil, squares, or in cracks in the soil. They lurk during the day and are active and harmful at night. When the millipede is touched, it will curl its body into a ring shape, appearing in a "state of suspended animation". After a period of time, it will resume activity.

Millipeda generally damages the young roots, young seedlings, tender stems and leaves of plants. The eggs of millipedes are laid on the surface of lawn soil. The eggs are laid in piles. There is a layer of transparent sticky substance outside the eggs. Each head can lay about 300 eggs. At a suitable temperature, the eggs hatch into larvae in about 20 days and mature after a few months. Millipedes reproduce once a year and can live for more than a year.

Extended information

Ecological role

1. Millipeda is an important decomposer in the forest ecosystem, and millipede’s food intake increases with the increase of temperature. According to preliminary estimates, the amount of litter decomposed by millipedes accounts for about 21% of the average annual litter amount in the area. Millipedes consume different amounts of leaves of the same species with different levels of decomposition. The amount of food consumed by half-decomposed litter is greater than that of undecomposed leaves. Litter intake.

2. Under different temperature conditions. Millipedes have different feeding efficiencies, and their assimilation efficiency decreases as temperature increases. Fecal excretion increases with temperature, and the number of individuals is unevenly distributed in different forest types. Generally, the vertical distribution of broad-leaved forests, mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests, and coniferous forests in the soil has obvious surface aggregation. The number of individual millipedes changes obviously seasonally, with the highest number in late summer and the lowest number in late winter.

3. Soil animals are important decomposers in the material cycle of the ecosystem. Millipedes are a common group of soil animals. They mainly feed on plant residues such as litter and dead wood and are responsible for the decomposition of ecosystem materials. One of the original processors.

4. Research on the feeding of large soil animals has been reported at home and abroad, but research on millipedes has not yet been seen in China; through research on the ecological distribution and food intake of millipedes, we have discussed and Reveal the function of this taxon in the decomposition process of forest ecosystem materials.

5. Millipedes are not born with so many legs. The born larvae has only 7 segments, which increases to 11 segments and 7 pairs of legs after one molt; after the second molt, it increases to 15 segments and has 15 pairs of legs; after several metamorphoses, the body segments gradually increase, and the legs gradually increase. increase.

6. Of course, there are many other types of millipedes. Some have smaller bodies, only 2 millimeters long; compared with the mainland, their legs are much smaller.

Relevant common sense

1. Toxicity

Although millipedes have no poisonous jaws, there are odor glands on the body segments of the millipede, which can secrete a poisonous odor that has an unpleasant smell. , making poultry and birds afraid to peck at it, and humans accidentally eating millipedes can cause allergic edema of the lips.

2. Terrestrial life

There is a giant landus in the Panama Valley in North America. It has 175 segments in its body and a total of 690 legs. It can be said to be the most leggy in the world. Arthropods.

3. Epidemic prevention

Millipedes like moisture and can easily bring bacteria. Sprinkling quicklime on the places where millipedes often hang out will dry out the humid growing environment and prevent millipedes from breeding. You can also use "triazophos" spray, but people with skin allergies are best not to use it.

4. Treatment of stings

Millipedes do not bite, but when touched and handled, they can secrete toxins that can cause local irritation. In severe cases, they can cause obvious erythema, herpes and Necrosis. Toxic millipede secretions from the skin should be washed away with plenty of soap and water, but never alcohol. If a skin reaction occurs, topical corticosteroids can be applied. People with eye injuries should rinse immediately and apply corticosteroid eye drops or ointments.

5. Millipedes and centipedes

Some citizens may mistake millipedes for centipedes. In fact, they are two branches of arthropods. The body of the millipede is round and elongated, composed of black and yellow body segments. There is a pair of antennae on the head, and each pair of body segments has two pairs of slender black legs.

Reference information: Baidu Encyclopedia - Malu