Internal differences in Jinhua dialect

There are regional differences in Jinhua dialect (differences between urban dialects and township dialects) and age differences in urban dialects (differences in the speech of people of different ages). These differences are mainly reflected in pronunciation and vocabulary. . The characters with Guyang rhyme (nasal ending) in Bangmu and Duanmu are pronounced with stop consonants [p][t] (including the word "beat") in the city and Qiubin in the suburbs respectively. In Qiubin's Zhu Jitou, except for " Except for the [n] initial consonant in the word "Da", the characters Bang and Duanmu are pronounced with the stop consonant, and in most other areas, they are pronounced with the nasal [m][n] initial consonant. The Guyang consonant of the character Bangduanmu in Xiaohuang Village, Caozhai Town , when the final rhyme has a nasal final rhyme, it is read as the stop consonant, and when the final rhyme has a non-nasal final rhyme, it is pronounced as the nasal [m][n/?] initial consonant, but the two words "handle" and "da" The character is still pronounced with a nasal initial consonant.

With the exception of the urban and suburban areas such as Zhujitou, Huashan, and Zhuzhulin, as well as the Xiaoshun and Caozhai areas in the northeast, the dialects in most areas of Jinhua are not divided into jian and tuan. In the Jinhua urban dialect, the initial consonants of the Jing group are pronounced [?] when spelled together with the final consonants of the Jianxiao group. The pronunciation of the consonants of the Jianxiao group when spelled with the finals varies with age. For details, see "City" below Age Differences in Dialects.” The first-class characters for Xie She (such as "gai", "harm", "compensation", "right") are pronounced [?] in the city, [ai] in suburbs such as Qiubin, Duohu and Xianqiao, and [ai] in other areas. [a] or [ɑ].

The rhyme "Xiaoshe" is pronounced [ɑu][iɑu] in the city and its nearby places such as Zhujitou, Wangzhai, Nangan, Zelzhulin, Xiaohuang Village, etc., and in the east far away from the city It rhymes with [?][ie] in the western region. For example, "waist bag" is pronounced /iɑu pɑu/ in Jinhua City, while in some towns it is pronounced /ie p?/.

Liu She first-class characters (such as "Lotus Root", "Tou"), generally read [eu] (Lotus Root), [iu] (Head) in urban and eastern areas, and [e] in central areas. Or [ei], pronounced [ɑu] in the western region.

Gengshe’s second-class characters (such as “生” and “Struggle”) are pronounced in [ɑ?] rhyme in urban and central and southern areas, and are taken in the same way as in Danjiang; northeastern and northwest areas Pronounced as [?] rhyme or [an] rhyme, the same as in the photo taken by Xianshan. In the dialect of Jinhua City, the character Gu Zhuoshang belongs to Yin Shang, while in the dialect of Xiaohuang Village, Caozhai Town, the character Gu Zhuoshang belongs to Yin Ping.

The dialect in Jinhua City has 7 single-character tones, while the dialect in Xiaohuang Village has 9 single-character tones because Yinru and Yangru each have two tonal values. The tone values ??of single-character tone symbols in Xiaohuangcun dialect are Yinping 334 Yangping 313 Yin Shang 535 Yin Qu? 53 Yang Qu? 14 Yin into A? 4 Yin into B? 55 Yang into A 313 Yang into B 113 First person singular, city In most towns and villages, "I" /ɑ/ or "Wo Nong" /ɑ no?/ is used. In Xiaoshun, Caozhai and Lipu areas, /?iɑ/ is often used. In the northern region of Xiaoshun, /tsia/ or /?/ is used. In the first person plural form, in the city we say "我lang" /ɑ lɑ?/ or /ɑ?/, while in places such as Xiaoshun, Caozhai and Lipu, we often use /?iɑ lɑ?/ or /?iɑ liɑ?/. The second person plural is generally used in urban and northern areas as "Nonglang"/no? lɑ?/ or "ERlang"/n? nɑ?/ or /nɑ?/ (the consonant sound of "ERlang"), and in southern areas it is more commonly used. "Nonglang"/no? lɑ?/, towns such as Bailongqiao and Changshan in the west use "ERlang"/n? nɑ?/, and towns such as Yuandong and Shoetang in the northeast corner often use "Nongcu"/no? ho ?], Lipu, Yafan and other places only say "Nonglang"/no? lɑ?/ or "Nongliang"/no? liɑ?/. The third person is plural. In the city, it is said "qulang" /g? lɑ?/ or /gɑ?/, and in Lipu it is said "quliang" /g? liɑ?/.

For the demonstrative pronoun "this", the city and most towns say "case" /k?/, and some places in the countryside, such as Tangzhai in Qiubin Street, Luxiantang and Lingxia Town, say /? i?/. For the demonstrative pronoun "na", "mo" /m?/ is used in cities and most towns. In some places in the countryside, such as Tangzhai, Luxiantang and Lingxia Town in Qiubin Street, /do?/ is used, and in Luodian and other places, the demonstrative pronoun "na" is used. Say /go?/. The word "go" is pronounced /k?/ in the city and nearby areas. It is pronounced /k?i/ in the towns such as Yuandong, Xietang, Xiaoshun and Fucun in the northeast corner and Bailongqiao in the west. When choosing to live in neighboring villages, it is pronounced /k?i/ in the south. Pronounced /k?/.

"人" is pronounced as "人" /?in/ in cities and most villages and towns, while "人" /no?/ is spoken in the eastern areas adjacent to Yiwu. The initial consonants of Jing group and Jian group are spelled together with the initial consonants of "Jing" and "Jing". All the elderly and some middle-aged people distinguish the jian group and pronounce [?] initial consonant and [?] initial consonant respectively; some middle-aged people All young people, regardless of their pronunciation, pronounce [?] as the initial consonant. In Jinhua dialect, the words "Zou", "Zou", "Zuo", "Cou", "Sou", "擞", and "汞" have the [iu] rhyme. Pronounced as [?] group initial consonants. For example, "walk" = "wine" /?iu/.

For some ancient micro-initial characters, such as "婺", "文", and "武", middle-aged and elderly people all pronounce the [v] initial consonant, while young people tend to pronounce it with the initial consonant zero.

For some ancient Chinese characters, such as "I", some elderly people read [?] as the initial consonant in Chinese and white as zero initial consonant; some elderly people and all middle-aged and young people pronounce it as zero initial consonant regardless of their spoken language. Some young people in Jinhua City thought that the final [?a] was "rustic" and changed the pronunciation to [ia].

The Wen pronunciation of the Shu-sounding characters (such as "Ban", "Pan", "Ban", "Man") in Shanheyi Gang is pronounced by some elderly people as [?] rhyme, while others pronounce it as [ ?]rhyme. Erotic words expressing diminutives are used more by the elderly, less by the middle-aged, and rarely by the young.