What are the characteristics of Osaka and Istanbul?

Roman name: Osaka

(1) the Japanese government name. Osaka Prefecture is located in the midwest of Honshu, Japan. First-level administrative region. It is adjacent to Osaka Bay in the southwest. Area 1, 867 square kilometers. The population is 8.706 million (1990). Including 3 1 city, 13 town and village. Osaka, the capital. It is surrounded by mountains in the north, east and south, with an altitude of 500-600 meters in the north and east and higher in the south, with the highest point of 898 meters. In the middle is Osaka Plain. Yunnan, Sichuan, Dahe and their tributaries flow through. The climate is warm, with an annual average temperature of 65438 05℃. Annual precipitation 1, 300- 1, 800 mm, with less frost and snow. Old Hanoi, the eastern half of He Quan and Shejin. Ancient Japan was rich in traffic and commercial relics. As the economic center of West Japan, its economic position is second only to Tokyo. The comprehensive development of light and heavy industries mainly includes machinery, motor, chemistry, steel, metal processing, food, textile and other industries. Osaka City, Wakayama and Quanbei Linhai Industrial Zone are the core areas. Most of the cultivated land is paddy fields, and the gardening industry of vegetables, flowers and fruit trees and the breeding industry of cows, pigs and chickens in the suburbs are developed. Land, sea and air traffic is busy. Osaka International Airport (located in Itan City, Hyogo Prefecture) is the air gateway to Osaka and Kobe.

② Important ports and cities in Japan. The capital of Osaka Prefecture. Like Tokyo, it is the economic and cultural center of the whole country. On the northeast coast of Osaka Bay in the southwest of Honshu. With a population of 254 1 000( 1 986), it is the second largest city in Japan, next only to Tokyo. The area is 2 12 square kilometers. It consists of 26 districts. In ancient times, it was called wave speed, but it was later called Osaka. At the beginning of Meiji, it was changed to Osaka. In ancient times, it was a transportation hub between China and Japan. 1583 commercial prosperity after the city was built. 1868 port opened, 1874 railway access. The canal system is developed and is called "Water Capital". 1889 after the establishment of the market, the industry has developed rapidly. The core of Hanshin Industrial Zone. The scale of industrial production is second only to Tokyo. In the comprehensive development of light and heavy industries, chemistry, machinery, steel, metal processing, publishing, printing and motors are the most important. The western coastal areas are the areas where heavy chemical industry is concentrated. Land, sea and air transportation hub. Export steel, video recorders, machinery, metal products, etc. Import industrial raw materials, mineral products, etc. The West Japan Cultural Center has many institutions of higher learning such as National Osaka University, as well as historical sites such as Osaka Castle and Siye Temple (built in 593). Surrounding multi-satellite cities, which are adjacent to each other, are part of the Tokaido urban belt.

Osaka was a city where people gathered 1400 years ago? P A bustling exchange city. Osaka, known as the "Water Capital", has had frequent contacts with China, Chinese mainland and the Korean Peninsula since ancient times with the advantage of the intersection of rivers and seas. Osaka's port "Nanbojin" is a key area for communication with overseas countries.

In the middle of the seventh century, the capital "Nanbo Palace" was established in Osaka. As the oldest city in Japan, it has experienced many vicissitudes. After moving its capital to Nara, Kyoto and other places, Osaka is still an important place for foreign trade exchanges, which has played a very important role in Japan's economic development and cultural exchanges.

In modern times, as the center of material circulation, it has developed into a commercial city called "the kitchen in the world". Osaka businessmen's unique yearning for freedom and enterprising temperament is a major feature of Osaka. The essence of Japanese traditional art and culture, such as pure glass and kabuki, has been preserved to this day, and the food culture known as "eating poor" has also been continuously developed.

Osaka is divided into 26 administrative districts, and the city layout is square, with the east, west, north and south as the city center. Government agencies are mostly concentrated in the Eastern District and Zhongzhi Island; Financial institutions and banks are mostly located in Jinqiao, Koryo Bridge and Yutangjin. Companies, trading companies and firms are concentrated in Zhongzhi Island and Tangdao. There are famous theaters, cinemas, hotels and department stores in Meitian, Bartontu and New World, with Tianjin Pavilion as the center.

Osaka has many high-rise buildings, prosperous commerce and high urban greening rate. Osaka's underground street is divided into three floors, upper, middle and lower, each with its own characteristics. Between floors, there are spiral stairs. There is also an artificial stream that runs through the underground street, gurgling and clear. On both sides of the underground street, there are many shops, restaurants, bars and cinemas, next to each other. The underground street in Osaka is not only a bustling business district, but also a unique tourist attraction.

Istanbul

Introduction to Istanbul

Istanbul, which spans Europe and Asia, is Turkey's largest city, largest port, industrial and commercial center and major tourist attraction. The capital of Istanbul province. The city covers an area of 254 square kilometers and has a population of about 1 1.8 million. 98% of the residents believe in Islam. Built in 658 BC, it is located at the eastern end of the Balkan Peninsula and the west bank of the southern mouth of the Bosporus Strait, on the promontory between Jinjiao Bay and Marmarahi, and is called Byzantium. In 330 AD, it was rebuilt as the capital of the Byzantine Empire and named Constantinople, or New Rome. 1453 After the Turks became the capital of the Ottoman Empire, they were called Istanbul, but the western countries still used to call it Constantinople. 1923 Turkey moved its capital to Ankara, and Istanbul became the official name. The urban area now includes both sides of the middle and southern section of the Taiwan Province Strait and the northern shore of Marathi connected with it, including UsKudar on the east coast of the Taiwan Province Strait, becoming a big city across Europe and Asia. 1973 Bosphorus Road Bridge across the Strait was completed. There are textile, food, ceramics, glass, machinery, automobile manufacturing, ship repair and other industries. It is also an important fishing port. There are places of interest such as Surimaniyah Mosque. Istanbul is also an ancient cultural city, with 34 universities and institutions of higher learning, including Istanbul University and Straits University.

Urban status

Turkey, the full name of Turkey, spans Asia and Europe, covering an area of about 780,000 square kilometers (ranking 36th in the world). Most of Turkey is located in Asia Minor Peninsula, bordering the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea, with a coastline of 8,333 kilometers, and its strategic geographical position is very important. Istanbul is a famous city that spans both Europe and Asia. As the civilized capital of the world, Istanbul has been Turkey's "warm land" for centuries. It is the best in many aspects such as history, commerce, folk customs and culture in Turkey. Due to its special geographical location, Istanbul has been an important transportation, military, commercial and religious place since ancient times, and was once the capital of the Roman Empire and the Ottoman Empire. Istanbul has a history of more than 3,000 years and a profound historical and cultural heritage. Whether it is the Colosseum in Rome or the harem of wives and concubines, it is very exciting. The ancient city of Constantinople left over from the Roman Empire is decorated with classical columns, high and low domes and towering minarets.

The northern, western and southern coastal areas of Turkey belong to a typical Mediterranean climate, with hot and dry summers and mild and rainy winters. The temperate continental climate in the inland and eastern regions is obvious, with dry heat in summer and cold in winter.

One of the main reasons why Istanbul is famous in the world is its unique geographical location. Between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea at the westernmost tip of the Asian continent, there is a crucial "golden waterway" that separates Asia from the European continent. The middle part is the Marmara Strait, the southern end is called the Daniil Strait, and the northern end is called the Bosphorus Strait, collectively known as the Black Sea Strait. This "golden waterway" is the throat of the Black Sea to the outside world, and Istanbul is located at the southern end of the Bosphorus Strait. From here to the north, from the sea to the countries along the Black Sea; The south is connected with the Mediterranean Sea, and Europe, Asia and Africa can be reached from the sea. Looking west from the height of Istanbul, the European continent is close at hand; Despite the Pamirs barrier in the east, merchants on the Silk Road have been coming and going for 200 years. This superior geographical location not only makes it an intercontinental transportation hub, but also a battleground for military strategists.

Istanbul is an ancient country with a long history, which was built in 668 BC. The former site was the ancient Greek city-state-Byzantium. Later, after war and reconstruction, it became the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire. In 330 AD, it was renamed Constantinople, also known as New Rome. After the Ottoman Turks acquired the city in 1453, they began to call it Istanbul. Since then, it has been the capital of the Turkish Empire. 1923, Turkey moved its capital to Ankara, but Istanbul remains the focus of Turkey's economy and culture.

Istanbul not only geographically spans two continents, but also absorbs the essence of ideas, cultures and arts of all ethnic groups in Europe, Asia and Africa, and has become an important intersection of eastern and western ideas and cultures, leaving many historical sites. Istanbul has more than 40 museums, more than 20 churches and more than 450 mosques. These beautiful buildings and their large collection of cultural relics are vivid testimony to the intersection of eastern and western cultures. There are Sumerian heads, Babylonian pottery, Assyrian reliefs and so on. In the ancient oriental museum. These are the prehistoric cultural relics of the two rivers (Tigris River and Euphrates River) and the ethnic groups in Asia Minor. There are a large number of ancient Greek and Roman cultural relics in the archaeological museum, among which the huge sarcophagus of Macedonian king Alexander is a masterpiece of Greek art in the 4th century BC. In the koala church, there are a large number of murals about the Virgin Mary, Christ and the apostles, which are representative works of Byzantine art. In the Suleimania Mosque, there are many artistic treasures of the Ottoman period, such as carved beams and painted buildings, golden carvings and silver carvings. Stone castles, city walls, towers and aqueducts left by various empires can be seen everywhere in the old city on the west bank of the city.

scenery

Landscape: Topca Pigong, Sulaimaniya Mosque, Hagia Sophia, Blue Mosque, Archaeological Museum, Carriere Museum, Domabaya Palace and Underground Palace.