Problems and suggestions in poverty alleviation work

Accurate poverty alleviation is a new requirement put forward by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council in the new period. Promoting accurate poverty alleviation and building a well-off society in an all-round way is the biggest political task at present. The following are the problems and suggestions I have collected in poverty alleviation work, hoping to help everyone! Problems and suggestions in poverty alleviation work 1

Based on the investigation in Cangxi County and the comparative analysis of 88 poverty-stricken counties in the province, it is found that all localities are very enthusiastic and energetic in promoting a new round of poverty alleviation and development, but there are still six issues that need to be paid attention to in how to better achieve accurate poverty alleviation and achieve "irrigation" to "drip irrigation".

1. Solve the problem of identification error and difficult groups on the edge of poverty

To achieve "six precisions", the precision of supporting objects is the foundation. According to the standard that the per capita net income of farmers was less than 2,736 yuan in 213, it is open, transparent, simple and easy to identify and identify poor households and set up a file. However, there are still some problems that cannot be ignored in the actual screening statistics. First, the error of household survey brings identification deviation. Due to the influence of traditional culture, most farmers have the mentality of "hiding wealth", and it is difficult to fully understand the income of rural families only by a short-term household survey. The survey statisticians have limited means to collect data and confirm the authenticity of data, which may not be completely accurate. In addition, there are still a few people who have the idea of striving to be poor households, and some farmers separate their children from their parents' accounts before identification, resulting in an increase in elderly poor households with meager income; Second, the egalitarian mentality of the masses has caused man-made "missing unification" phenomenon. In some areas, poor households are evaluated. The masses think that it is "riding a double horse" to evaluate poor households after taking the minimum living allowance. Some grassroots work is not meticulous and the checks are not strict, resulting in some poor households being "missed"; Third, farmers who are above the critical value of the poverty line are prone to return to poverty due to causes and disasters. According to the sample survey, in 213, the per capita net income of farmers just exceeded 2,736 yuan, accounting for nearly 2%. This group can not directly enjoy the policy dividend brought by precision poverty alleviation, and its ability to resist disasters and risks is weak, and it is easy to evolve into a relatively vulnerable group.

2. Outstanding problems that affect and restrict the sustained growth of rural economy

It is found in the investigation that with the advent of the new economic normal, some new situations and new problems have emerged in the vast rural areas, especially in poverty-stricken areas, which have affected the increase of agricultural production and farmers' income and restricted the poor people from getting rid of poverty and heading for health. First, a large number of rural laborers go out to bring about "hollowing out". At present, the rural population generally flows out, most young people go out to work for a long time, and most of them are old people and children left behind in the countryside. The lack of labor force has made it difficult to promote the rapid development of rural economy; Second, the single rural industrial structure brings "low income". The income of farmers in poor villages mainly comes from traditional industries such as growing grain and raising pigs. With a single structure and low added value of agricultural products, it is difficult for farmers to directly benefit from traditional agriculture. In addition, the development of new cooperative economic organizations in poor mountainous areas is slow, and there are a large number of "empty shells" in rural economic cooperative organizations, resulting in low land transfer prices in poor villages and less income for poor households; Third, the weak rural infrastructure has brought about "difficulties in running a healthy life". Some poor towns and villages are located in remote mountainous areas, where infrastructure construction is lagging behind, roads are "clear and rainy", irrigation and water conservancy facilities are not perfect, and the situation of relying on the weather for food has not been completely reversed. The local people describe their living environment with the catchphrase "houses are ruined and muddy roads are left unattended, chickens and phoenixes are flying abroad, and it is difficult for men to marry wives".

3. The problem of poor participation and insufficient play of the main role in poverty alleviation

It is found in the survey that the expectations of the society and the masses for poverty alleviation and development are too high at present, and many people simply think that poverty alleviation is only the responsibility of party committees and governments at all levels. In order to effectively co-ordinate all aspects of resources and strength and form the maximum synergy of poverty alleviation, we must face up to the role of leading, participating and subjectivity, and study and solve the following problems: First, some township (town) and village party organizations have insufficient ability to lead the rich. Township cadres have a heavy task and assume multiple roles. They are not only organizational leaders, but also concrete implementers, holding a line but also managing many aspects. In some remote towns and villages, it is difficult to ensure the strength of poverty alleviation because of the rapid flow of staff. Individual village party branch teams are weak and lax, and village party secretary and village director are older and have low educational level. Taking Cangxi County as an example, the average age of party branch secretaries in 214 poverty-stricken villages is 52.4 years old, and 36 people have college education or above, accounting for only 16.8%. Moreover, the average age of party member is over 57, and he can't keep up with the needs of the situation in poverty alleviation concepts, policy mastery, organization and launch, technical guidance and service to the masses. Second, some departments' assistance measures are simple and not targeted. It is found that some departments and units responsible for helping poor villages pay more attention to financial and material assistance than to poverty alleviation and internal self-restraint, and pay more attention to increasing income in the current year and neglecting long-term planning support. Different departments and industries have different benefits for the poor, especially the police, doctors and teachers. Due to the special nature of their work, the help for the contact objects is often mainly to give money and things, and the help effect can not meet the psychological expectations of the masses. Third, the overall problem of social poverty alleviation is "fragmented". Social organizations and enterprises are utilitarian in participating in public welfare poverty alleviation to varying degrees, paying attention to formal poverty alleviation, coupled with asymmetric information and insufficient overall linkage, which is prone to multi-head assistance, omission of assistance and repeated assistance; The fourth is the problem of insufficient activation of the main role of the masses. Some poor people lack the consciousness of independent poverty alleviation, and think that poverty alleviation means that the state gives money and things, or even only takes money and does nothing. There is a phenomenon of "waiting for what is needed" and lack of initiative, and there is a phenomenon of "rushing up and not rushing down, and being cold outside". A small number of grassroots cadres have not publicized the poverty alleviation policy enough, and have not been able to really mobilize the enthusiasm of the poor people to participate through an effective incentive mechanism for poverty alleviation.

4. The bottleneck problem of insufficient funds for poverty alleviation and development projects

It is found in the investigation that the lack of project funds is a major bottleneck restricting poverty-stricken areas from getting rid of poverty and heading for health. First, the sources of special funds are scattered and it is difficult to integrate. Various project funds have different requirements in procedures such as approval, appropriation, management and acceptance. Local governments can only use "the money to buy rice and the money to pump oil", which leads to "small shares can't make a big flow" and can't concentrate on big things; Second, the fiscal volume at the county and township levels is insufficient and it is difficult to support it. Most poverty-stricken counties belong to "food finance", and more than 9% of the projects require local matching funds. Due to the multiple pressures such as the contradiction between revenue and expenditure and new debts, some grassroots cadres are "both eager and afraid" of project funds, and some projects give up reporting because local finance can't come up with matching funds; Third, poverty alleviation projects are less attractive to social capital and difficult to raise funds. Poverty alleviation projects have low return on investment, long cycle and many potential risks, so it is difficult to attract social capital investment. The development of county-level financing platform is low, the financing platform is lacking, the financial environment is relatively backward due to the limitation of credit rating, and farmers lack effective asset mortgage and third-party guarantee, so it is difficult to obtain effective financing from financial institutions.

5. Concerns about the return to poverty caused by policy cuts after poverty alleviation

The survey shows that the goals of poverty alleviation and health promotion at all levels have been set, and the timetable and road map are very clear, but the incentive measures for poverty alleviation and hat removal in advance are not clear. First, governments at all levels have not clearly defined the relevant data indicators for poverty alleviation. At present, the province has issued poverty reduction tasks to poor counties, but a clear mechanism for getting rid of poverty has not yet been introduced. In 214, the "Measures for Assessment of Rural Poverty Alleviation and Development in Poverty-stricken Counties in Sichuan Province" did not put forward clear quantitative requirements for work objectives, security objectives and effectiveness objectives. In practical work, what standards should be used to check and accept poverty-stricken villages and poor households. With the change of economic growth and price index, how much increase should be made every year to complete the task of poverty alleviation as scheduled, and there is no specific reference scale, so it is difficult to achieve accurate and effective assistance measures and efforts. If the county is the unit, the relevant indicators are calculated and put into practice according to the poverty alleviation plan and the actual situation. If it is inconsistent with the poverty alleviation indicators introduced in the province in the future, many grassroots cadres are worried that the relevant work will be reworked; Second, the pressure expectation in the consolidation period after poverty alleviation caused the concern of "removing the hat and reducing the policy". Some grassroots cadres believe that the support policies and project funds will be reduced sooner or later after poverty alleviation. In addition, there is no clear incentive mechanism for the counties (cities, districts) that take the lead in poverty alleviation, so they are worried about taking the lead in poverty alleviation, fearing that the poor marginal population will return to poverty due to unpredictable diseases and natural disasters. Some cadres are not enthusiastic about taking the initiative to remove their hats.

6. The inherent "path dependence" among some cadres leads to extensive poverty alleviation.

Cadres are the decisive factor in promoting poverty alleviation and development. To achieve the goals and tasks set by the provincial party Committee for poverty alleviation and health, the ability and literacy of the majority of cadres need to be accelerated. First, there is a need for further innovation in ideology. According to the survey, some grass-roots cadres have insufficient understanding of the importance and urgency of tackling poverty, are not sure about the poverty alleviation policy in the new stage, look at the new poverty alleviation with old eyes and solve new problems with old methods. It is believed that poverty alleviation means sending money and materials, tearing down old buildings and building new ones, and building roads and bridges, which leads to disordered allocation of poverty alleviation resources and low work efficiency. Second, the working methods need to be further improved. It is believed that the "poor roots" of the masses are difficult to uproot, the "poor diseases" are difficult to treat, and poverty alleviation is difficult to achieve in the short term. It is customary to use demonstration sites instead of precision poverty alleviation, and engage in bonsai, flower arrangement and pile-point poverty alleviation. Some poverty alleviation project funds have not been fully used in the cutting edge, resulting in icing on the cake, but the promotion on the surface is obviously lagging behind; Third, it needs to be further strengthened in treating poor diseases with the right medicine. In some places, the precise poverty alleviation plans and measures of "adapting measures to local conditions, one household and one policy, treating both the symptoms and the root causes" have not yet been specifically implemented, or the poverty alleviation plans have simply been put on display, saying one thing and doing another. In some places, according to the traditional thinking, balanced efforts and "pepper noodles" are not enough; Fourth, we need to further improve our understanding of accurate poverty alleviation. Some grassroots cadres don't have a good understanding of precision poverty alleviation, and they don't have a strong sense of making up for shortcomings. They think that all the problems in poverty alleviation can be solved through sustainable development, and they still use the development effect driven by major projects to cover up the predicament of precision poverty alleviation. According to the survey, most of the key poverty alleviation projects listed in some places are investment projects and major engineering projects, and development projects are unilaterally used to replace precision poverty alleviation projects.

countermeasures and suggestions

in the investigation, the author deeply feels that accurate poverty alleviation is of great significance for realizing a well-off society in an all-round way. We must attach importance to studying the new situations and new problems that have emerged in the process of poverty alleviation and development, and put forward targeted countermeasures and measures to promote the implementation of the spirit of the plenary session of the provincial municipal party Committee.

1. Insist on accurate targets and clear classification, and focus on "six precisions"

Fully promoting the implementation of poverty alleviation planning and landing targets accurately is the premise of implementing the "six precisions". Cangxi County has improved the identification and evaluation methods, and further comprehensively investigated the basic data of poor households to ensure accurate identification of poor targets. Establish a database management system for poor people, and effectively strengthen the dynamic management of poor households with cards and files. First, efforts should be made to eliminate the "policy poverty gap". Actively implement targeted poverty alleviation, mobilize and guide social forces to help the poor and marginal poor people other than those who have set up stalls in the investigation, and put an end to the dilemma that people are still wandering on the poverty line after they are declared to be out of poverty and run for health; The second is to focus on strengthening publicity and education for the masses. Adhere to the policy of propaganda and poverty alleviation in villages and households, strengthen the demonstration led by cadres in party member and the guidance of advanced rural culture, gradually get rid of the mentality of comparing with others and the idea of "waiting for what is important", abandon the bad atmosphere of "striving to be poor" and "unwilling to get rid of poverty", and form a good situation in which the cadres and the masses are United in their efforts to get rid of poverty; Third, efforts should be made to realize the transformation of "lazy people" in rural areas. For a small number of rural "lazy people" who are healthy but unwilling to get rich through labor and are below the poverty line, we should explore the implementation of the "responsible poverty alleviation" mechanism and formulate a list of responsibilities, which will be evaluated by the villagers' supervision Committee by quantifying the amount of labor, the participation in social welfare activities, and the enrollment rate of their children, as an important basis for them to enjoy the national poverty alleviation policy. Use economic means to arouse the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of rural poor "lazy people" to get rid of poverty and run for health.

2. adhere to local conditions and implement them in different categories to stimulate the endogenous vitality of the rural economy

adhere to the combination of poverty alleviation and prosperity, and make a step by step, based on resource endowment, adapt to local conditions and make policies for villages, and promote the construction of new villages and industrial development to go hand in hand. Highlight planning guidance, coordinate infrastructure construction, industrial development, public services, ecological protection and rural landscape transformation, and make unified planning, step-by-step implementation and step-by-step promotion. In the construction of new villages, in line with the principle of "gathering is appropriate, gathering is appropriate, and scattering is appropriate", it reflects the characteristics of small-scale, micro-pastoral and group-like mountain villages, and creates residential houses with distinctive local characteristics and cultural connotations. In terms of industrial development, in line with the principle of "outstanding characteristics and integration of agriculture and tourism", we will build a leading industry in which households become gardens, films, villages become belts and towns become large. Vigorously promote the comprehensive development model of "one district and four parks" in Cangxi modern agricultural park, comprehensively build characteristic industrial parks, leisure tourism parks, science and technology demonstration parks and business incubators, radiate poor retail investors to develop industries and work in parks, and increase farmers' income through multiple channels. The economic development of poor areas is not simply equated with the growth of products and services output in the region and the increase of farmers' per capita income.

3. Adhere to overall planning, integrate resources, and gather all forces to support participation in poverty alleviation

Poverty alleviation is a systematic project, which requires party committees and governments at all levels to strengthen organizational leadership and play a leading role in planning, design, deployment, overall coordination, key investment, assessment and acceptance. It is also necessary for all levels and departments to cooperate and really help. At the same time, it also needs the participation of the whole society. Cangxi County has explored and established a mechanism of "county-level overall planning, township-focused, mass-oriented and departmental linkage" in tackling poverty, which has played a better role as the main body of responsibility, implementation and mass. It is suggested to intensify the work in the following aspects: First, innovate the working mechanism of poverty alleviation and development, and solve the problem of "how to help". Establish a "four-to-county" system for poverty alleviation objectives, tasks, funds and powers and responsibilities, and improve the overall integration ability of county-level party committees and governments for poverty alleviation resources; The second is to decompose and implement the responsibility of poverty alleviation and development at all levels and departments, and solve the problem of "who will help". Establish a statistical monitoring and performance evaluation mechanism for poverty alleviation and development, further urge and mobilize the enthusiasm of all levels and departments, and ensure that each poor village has a contact leader, a resident assistance working group, a resident assistance unit, and a "first secretary" to conduct pressure and implement responsibilities at all levels; The third is to guide social forces to participate in an orderly manner and solve the problem of "all come to help". Actively cultivate multi-social poverty alleviation subjects, establish an information platform for social assistance for the poor, and timely disseminate the poverty alleviation needs and social assistance trends of the poor through the internet and media to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of social forces' participation in poverty alleviation. Encourage enterprises, social organizations and caring people to participate in helping, and promote the gathering of social resources to poor areas and groups; Fourth, adhere to the incentive orientation to improve the participation of the masses and solve the problem of "self-help". Use market means to promote poverty alleviation and development, encourage the masses to rely on each other, develop their own industries, and guide rural rich leaders to "teach and help"