What is ecotourism?

Hao Xie Bellows Lascari (H? Ceballos-Lascurain) used the concept of "ecotourism" for the first time in the article 1983. It is not only used to represent all natural scenery tourism, but also emphasizes that the object to be visited should not be destroyed, and it is a tourism activity under the guidance of sustainable management thought. With the growth of economy, the development of science and technology and the progress of society, on the one hand, people's living standards are improving day by day, but people's living environment and quality of life are facing the threat of decline, and the demand for tourists to return to nature, enjoy the beautiful scenery of nature and appreciate the scenery and natural regional culture of Yuan Ye is increasing day by day; On the other hand, many tourist areas are polluted and destroyed to varying degrees, and some tourist areas have serious environmental and ecological pollution, which has affected the further development of tourism. Therefore, it is urgent to find new solutions and countermeasures on how to coordinate the development of tourism and environmental protection, how to develop tourism and protect natural ecological environment, and how to develop tourism resources and ensure sustainable utilization. Therefore, the concept of eco-tourism with rich connotations came into being.

Around the world, not every place has the conditions to develop ecotourism. At present, wildlife resources make Africa one of the important cradles of ecotourism in the world, especially Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa, Botswana, Ghana and other countries in southern Africa have become hot spots of international ecotourism. Costa Rica, Honduras, Argentina, Brazil, Peru, Chile, the United States, Canada and other countries in the Amazon River basin are also relatively developed areas for ecotourism. In Asia, India, Nepal, Indonesia and Malaysia are the earliest regions to carry out ecotourism activities. In addition, Britain, Germany, Japan and Australia have also developed ecotourism. The main eco-tourism activities in these regions and countries include wildlife visits, primitive tribal tours, ecological observation, river cruises, forest hiking, bird watching, animal ecological education and visits by indigenous people.

Eco-tourism in China is mainly developed by relying on nature reserves, forest parks and scenic spots. From 65438 to 0982, Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, the first national forest park in China, was established, which organically combined tourism development with ecological environment protection. Since then, the construction of forest parks and forest eco-tourism have developed by leaps and bounds. Although the forest tourism developed at this time is not eco-tourism in the strict sense, it provides a good foundation for the development of eco-tourism.

At present, China's open eco-tourism areas mainly include forest parks, scenic spots and nature reserves. The areas with earlier and more mature ecotourism development mainly include Shangri-La, Zhongdian, Xishuangbanna, Changbai Mountain, Lancang River Basin, Dinghushan, Zhaoqing, Guangdong and Hanas, Xinjiang. According to the types of eco-tourism, the famous eco-tourism scenic spots in China can be divided into the following nine categories: 1) Mountain eco-scenic spots, represented by five mountains, famous Buddhist mountains and famous Taoist mountains. 2) Lake ecological scenic spots, represented by Changbai Mountain Tianchi, Zhaoqing Xinghu and Qinghai Lake. 3) Forest ecological scenic spots, represented by Changbai Mountain in Jilin, Shennongjia in Hubei and Xishuangbanna in Yunnan. 4) Grassland ecological scenic spot, represented by Hulunbeier grassland in Inner Mongolia. 5) Marine ecological scenic spots, represented by mangrove coasts in Beihai, Guangxi and Wenchang, Hainan. 6) Bird-watching ecological scenic spots, represented by Jiangxi Poyang Lake wintering migratory bird nature reserve and Qinghai Lake Bird Island. 7) Ice and snow eco-tourism area, represented by Yulong Snow Mountain in Lijiang, Yunnan and Changbai Mountain in Yanbian, Jilin. 8) Drifting ecological scenic spot, represented by Shennongjia, Hubei. 9) Explore ecological scenic spots on foot, represented by Mount Qomolangma in Tibet, Lop Nur Desert and Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon.