The meaning of geological tourism resources

First, the meaning of tourism resources

Tourists are the main body of tourism activities, and tourism resources are the object of tourism activities, which is an objective existence to satisfy tourists' tourism motives. Resources refer to the means of production and subsistence taken from nature, which are closely related to human social and economic life and constantly expand and deepen with the development of social and economic activities. Tourism resources are no exception. It was clearly put forward after the socio-economic development reached a certain stage, tourism activities entered the socio-economic field, and the emergence of tourism marked by the emergence of a large number of tourism enterprises and tourism operators.

With the development of tourism in China and the further strengthening of international exchanges in China, the term "tourism resources" has been recognized by people. However, there are different understandings of the definition of "tourism resources", so there are many explanations about the concept of "tourism resources".

Tourism resources are the foundation of all tourism activities, and the understanding of tourism resources is produced and deepened with the rise of tourism. Because tourism is a new industry, the content and composition of tourism resources are much more complicated than other single traditional resources, and the exact definition of tourism resources has not yet formed a unified definition at home and abroad. Tourism Environmental Protection (Sun Keqin, 20 10) summarizes some * * * similarities in the concept of tourism resources through the study of scholars' viewpoints:

(1) Tourism resources are both naturally formed and created by human society, and their existence is objective.

(2) Tourism resources are directly related to tourists, which should stimulate tourists' travel motivation and be the object of tourists' travel activities to meet their travel needs.

(3) Tourism resources are directly related to the tourism industry, which can be exploited and used to serve the tourism industry, with economic, social and environmental benefits.

At present, the authoritative and widely accepted definition of tourism resources in China comes from the national standard (2007) Classification, Investigation and Evaluation of Tourism Resources (GB/T 18972- 1003) formulated by the National Tourism Administration and issued by the AQSIQ. Defined as follows:

Various things and factors in nature and human society that can attract tourists, develop and utilize tourism and produce economic, social and environmental benefits are called tourism resources.

This definition makes two points clear: first, tourism resources cover the whole nature and human society, including both "material" tourism resources and "intangible" tourism resources; Second, tourism resources should have two attributes at the same time, namely attraction and economy.

However, some experts' definitions of tourism resources are also worthy of our consideration. Guo Laixi (1982) put forward that "all the objects and services that can provide people with sightseeing, intellectual pleasure, vacation and recuperation, entertainment and rest, exploration and curiosity, investigation and study, friendly exchanges between people and killing leisure time can be called tourism resources". Chen Chuankang and Liu (1990) put forward that "tourism resources are the sum of various factors that can attract people to have tourism motives and carry out tourism activities under environmental conditions". Bao Jigang (1993) also believes that "tourism resources refer to natural existence and historical and cultural heritage that are attractive to tourists, as well as artificial creation directly used for tourism purposes". Li Tianyuan and Wang Lianyi (2003) believe that "all natural factors, social factors or any other factors that can create an attractive environment for tourists can constitute tourism resources". By analyzing the definitions of the above scholars, we can see that they are skeptical about whether tourism resources must be economic. The author believes that tourism activities are actually human migration activities. Although today's social tourism activities are closely related to economic activities, they are not economic activities in essence. Therefore, we must realize that the essence of tourism activities is to satisfy tourists' motives, not to promote economic development, so the author believes that judging whether it is a tourism resource does not depend on whether it can be developed into a tourism product. The definition of tourism resources in this book is: all natural and humanistic products that can arouse people's desire to travel and bring people sensory stimulation, spiritual pleasure, knowledge satisfaction and cultural exchange can be called tourism resources.

Second, the meaning of geological tourism resources

According to the definition of tourism resources, it is not difficult to see that tourism resources can be divided into natural tourism resources and humanistic tourism resources. Natural tourism resources refer to the geographical combination of natural environment and its beautiful scenery endowed by nature. It is a natural landscape carved by nature for a long time. Humanistic tourism resources are things and factors created by human beings, which reflect the political, economic, cultural and social customs of various times and nationalities. They have tourism functions and are the product of the harmonious development between man and nature.

Geological tourism resources are a part of natural tourism resources and one of the basic problems in geological tourism research, but the academic circles can not reach a unified understanding of its definition. To sum up, there are six mainstream views.

(1) Geological phenomena with tourism and ornamental functions.

(2) It is a geoscience resource with the same universality as mineral resources, but far from the same development and utilization, with cultural sociality and new concepts.

(3) It has the value of geoscience investigation and tourism, is rich in geoscience characteristics, and can become a part of natural tourism resources in geoscience tourist areas.

(4) Geological phenomena with ornamental value and natural scenic resources that can be used for tourism are called tourism geoscience resources.

(5) Natural tourism resources formed by geological processes can all be called geological tourism resources, and some tourism resources directly related to geological forms can also be called human geological tourism resources.

(six) the geological resources used for special geological tourism activities.

In the description of China Tourism Geological Resources Map, geological tourism resources are defined as "geological relics with tourism value and human activities directly related to geological bodies". Including natural relics such as scenic spots and natural scenery in tourism resources, as well as human relics in the process of human formation since the Quaternary Holocene, the interaction between human beings and geological bodies, the development and utilization of geological environment by human beings, geological resource relics and geological disasters.

At the sixth annual meeting of tourism geosciences, the research field of tourism geosciences expanded from natural landscape to human landscape, and ornamental stones were put forward as tourism resources and tourism commodity resources, which was a breakthrough in the connotation of tourism resources, including mineral springs and precious stones.

To sum up, our definition of geo-tourism resources can be summarized as follows: in the long evolution process of the earth, fossils, rock masses, structural features, mineral deposits, landforms and other scenery preserved in rock strata due to geological tectonic movement, magmatic activity, paleogeographic environment evolution, paleontology evolution and other factors are landscapes with ornamental, scientific research and popular science education values, which can stimulate people to travel.

Geological tourism resources are the same product of geological history and human activities, but mainly geological relics. The so-called human activities refer to the active relics left by human evolution near geological bodies. In addition, compared with other tourism resources, it pays more attention to scientific research and education popularization. Geological tourism resources are more vivid, vivid and intuitive than books and newspapers, and are more conducive to achieving the purpose of scientific research and the effect of education. This is its characteristic.