Brief introduction of the code and matters needing attention in field travel distress

First, stay calm. We should carefully analyze the environment at that time, judge whether we can solve the accident on our own, leave the dangerous situation as far as possible, and prevent the accident from happening again; Drug treatment and dressing should be done in time to minimize the harm; Find a safe place to rest or hide. If you can return by yourself, the safest way is to "go back", that is, return by the same way.

Second, try to locate yourself. Using the existing equipment, such as satellite locator, altimeter, map, etc., without equipment, we can judge the relative position according to the obvious reference objects of the surrounding terrain, such as the shapes of hills, rivers and trees, which is convenient for rescuers to find.

Third, we should quickly use the communication equipment we have to send help to the outside world. If we don't have the equipment or can't get in touch, we should send someone to help. You can also use a small mirror or reflector to signal, use possible materials to display distress signals in open places, smoke during the day (beware of fire), and light signals at night can attract people's attention most.

Fourth, when you can't get help or wait for help, you should take self-help measures. For example, check food and drinking water and distribute them reasonably; Build rest or overnight facilities in safe and hidden places.

Dangers encountered in field trips:

Mild hypothermia

The reason for the drop in body temperature is that the higher the altitude, the greater the climate change, and the physiological reaction of the drop in body temperature will occur in the absence of suitable warm-keeping equipment or long-term exposure to harsh low-temperature environment, especially when clothes are exhausted and wet. When the body temperature drops below 35 degrees Celsius, the human body has entered a state of temperature loss. Symptoms of hypothermia include: vague feeling, controlled muscles, slow response, changed or irrational temperament, slow pulse, loss of consciousness and so on. The patient has died and should be treated immediately. The most important first aid principle of hypothermia is to prevent patients from losing their body temperature, and gradually help patients get normal body temperature, and take patients away from the harsh low temperature environment and move them to warm tents or mountain houses. Take off wet and cold clothes and wrap patients with warm clothes, sleeping bags, etc. If the patient is conscious, let him drink some hot and sweet drinks. If he loses consciousness, let him lie in a recovery position. Patients with respiratory and cardiac arrest should be given cardiopulmonary resuscitation as soon as possible and sent to the hospital. Remember not to give the patient alcohol, nor to wipe or massage the patient's limbs, nor to encourage the patient to exercise.

frostbite

The cause of frostbite is the end of the body's circulatory system, such as fingers, toes, ears, nose and so on. Long-term exposure to cold or harsh climate, or contact with ice and snow, resulting in frostbite of skin or subcutaneous tissue. Symptoms of frostbite include tingling and gradual numbness in the affected area, stiff skin, pale or blue spots, and difficulty or dullness in moving the affected area. The initial stage is skin or deep frostbite, which is difficult to distinguish and the symptoms are not much different. In addition, frostbite may be accompanied by hypothermia, which should be treated first aid. If it is only frostbite, slowly warm the affected area to prevent the deep tissue from being destroyed. Move the patient to a warm tent or mountain house as soon as possible, gently take off clothes and any restraints on the injured part, such as rings and watches, so as to warm the affected area through skin-to-skin heat transfer, or immerse the affected area in warm water. Frostbite ears, nose or face can be covered with a warm towel, and the water temperature should be acceptable to the injured person, and then gradually increase. If the affected part recovers its color and feeling within 1 hour, the first aid action of heating can be stopped. Secondly, raise the affected area to relieve swelling and pain. Wrap or lightly cover the area with a gauze triangle or soft cloth. Unless necessary, be careful not to rub or massage the affected area, and do not radiate heat to warm the affected area. After heating, the affected area should not catch cold, and do not walk with thawed feet.

Asphyxiating diarrhea

The reason of snow blindness is that the eyes come into contact with snow, and the cornea without sunglasses is easy to be injured, because the reflection of snow is strong whether there is sunshine or not. If you move in the snow on a sunny day, you will cause serious snow blindness within a few hours. The symptom of snow blindness is that the eyes are very painful, and the eyes feel full of wind and sand. The eyes are red and often shed tears. They are very sensitive to light and can't even open their eyes. If snow blindness occurs, the following first aid measures can be implemented: firstly, wash your eyes with cold boiled water or eye drops, and secondly, gently apply an eye mask or something similar (clean handkerchief, gauze, etc.). ) for your eyes. Try to rest and avoid using your eyes. Send a doctor for treatment if necessary. The symptoms of snow blindness usually take 5 to 7 days to eliminate.

The above are the first aid rules I introduced when I was in danger during my field trip. Being in the wild, we need to pay attention to all kinds of dangerous situations at all times. Once there is a dangerous situation, we need to keep calm and rescue according to the first aid rules, so as not to be hurt more in the wild.