How to protect "homesickness" in the tide of "the city entering the village and retreating"

The National New Urbanization Plan (20 14-2020) proposes that, on the basis of improving the functions

How to protect "homesickness" in the tide of "the city entering the village and retreating"

The National New Urbanization Plan (20 14-2020) proposes that, on the basis of improving the functions of natural villages, the rural features, national culture and regional cultural characteristics should be maintained, and traditional villages, ethnic minority villages and folk houses with historical, artistic and scientific values should be protected.

In the tide of urbanization, "the city enters the village and retreats". People of insight called for strengthening the protection of ancient villages and rural civilization.

The ancient village is in danger.

Ancient villages are precious cultural heritage left by farming civilization. With the surging urbanization process, those ancient villages appear remote and quiet, and some even gradually disappear. However, the ancient villages rooted in ethnic and regional cultures are important carriers of China's farming civilization and a treasure house of traditional culture and national wisdom. In the process of urbanization, the fate of ancient villages has attracted many people's attention.

"Villages in China are disappearing much faster than expected," said Huang, deputy director of the Ethnic Theory and Policy Research Office of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission. He appealed: "In the new round of city-building movement, we should pay more attention to the protection of ancient villages."

According to the statistics of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, from 2002 to 20 12, the number of natural villages in China dropped sharply from 3.6 million to 2.7 million, and 900,000 natural villages were reduced during 10, including a large number of traditional villages with historical and cultural values. In many places, the rural memories of old trees, ancient wells and smoke from cooking stoves have disappeared in the "rumbling" sound of excavators.

Huang said that at present, many villages are facing the trend of "four modernizations". First, they are "fast dissolving". The village was demolished in the city-building movement and quickly "dissolved"; The second is the "empty village", where people leave the empty village and gradually die out; The third is "hollowing out", and the history, monuments and cultural relics in the village are annihilated; Fourth, excessive commercialization, lack of scientific planning, and disorderly construction in the name of "protection" have destroyed the landscape of ancient villages.

"Those ancient villages that we have been to more than once give us a feeling of' not being as good as once', which makes us very worried: How long is the life span of ancient villages?" Zhang Anmeng, secretary-general of China Ancient Village Protection and Development Committee, said.

"landscape village"

At the "20 14 China Ancient Village Protection and Development Summit Forum",10/villages such as Monster Hunter Village in Yantan Town, Yongjia County, Zhejiang Province, Tang Wei Village in Shipai Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, and Shangzhuang Village in Runcheng Town, Yangcheng County, Shanxi Province were awarded "20 13 China Landscape Villages". This selection began in 2007 and has become an important activity for the protection of ancient villages in China.

What kind of village can be called "landscape village"?

Zhang Anmeng said that they should have a beautiful landscape environment, generally more than a hundred years of village construction history, and a certain stock of traditional buildings and cultural landscapes; The harmony between the layout of villages and nature not only creates a social space conducive to the harmonious survival and reproduction of future generations, but also creates a poetic and philosophical spiritual home; In the rich material and cultural heritage, they carry rich historical information of villages in different historical periods and even the farming society in China.

At present, there are Ruan, Lou Qingxi and other experts in the list of experts of China Shanshui Rural Review Committee. Certification bodies are establishing an evaluation system for the original value of rural landscape in China.

The exploration of "landscape villages" has made many ancient villages glow with vitality. Yongjia County Lieyao Village is located in the source scenic spot of nanxi river, surrounded by mountains. It is an ancient village named Ji with a history of more than 700 years. There are ancient Jishi Ancestral Hall, many old tunnel houses and nearly thousand-year-old trees in the village. According to reports, there are more than 200 ancient villages and more than 3,560 ancient buildings scattered in the nanxi river Valley. This is an excellent cultural heritage left by our ancestors.

It is understood that Yongjia regards the protection and utilization of famous historical and cultural villages as an important part of promoting the construction of beautiful countryside. Last year, "nanxi river Cultural Park" was the main battlefield, with an investment of 65.438+84 billion yuan. Lishui New Street, ancient village greenway, 20 cultural exhibition halls and 33 cultural auditoriums were built and opened, which fully demonstrated the cultural characteristics of nanxi river, such as farming, clan, folk customs, local architecture, poetry and painting, and Kunqu opera.

Keep homesickness

Promoting new urbanization, rural construction and protecting local civilization should not be neglected. The National New Urbanization Plan (20 14-2020) emphasizes the protection of traditional villages, ethnic minority villages and folk houses with historical, artistic and scientific values.

It is gratifying that in recent years, the awareness and attention of all walks of life to ancient villages have been continuously improved. Zhang Anmeng said that when the exhibition "Beautiful, Ancient Villages" was held in Shanghai Exhibition Center in 2003, many viewers mentioned "Ancient Villages" and they would associate them with Zhouzhuang, Luzhi and other ancient towns. In recent years, many ancient villages have become popular tourist attractions. Shanghai has opened special tourist lines to ancient villages such as Chaji Village in Xuancheng, Anhui Province and Zhuge Village in Lanxi, Zhejiang Province, which have been welcomed.

The power of the market helps to revitalize the ancient villages. With the government's further attention, people have more expectations for the protection prospects of many ancient villages.

The insiders believe that in order to put people first, promote people-centered urbanization and improve the quality of life of urban population and residents, we should conform to nature, pay attention to historical context, improve rural living conditions according to local conditions, implement rural infrastructure construction, gather resources in vast rural areas, improve the level of rural public services, and finally realize people's urbanization.

Some grassroots cadres believe that in order to retain homesickness in the process of urbanization, we must combine the protection of local civilization with the improvement of farmers' living standards. Sheng, secretary of Yongjia County Party Committee, said that with the popularization of ancient village tourism, the county has increased investment in rural health, transportation and other facilities, and encouraged villagers to develop a "homestay economy". Financial subsidies will be given to those who meet certain standards. "Let the ancient village change from the living materials of the residents into the means of production that can create wealth, and let the residents realize that this old house is more valuable than the new one."

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