It is tentatively scheduled to visit Tuoliang Mountain for 4 days and stay for 3 nights on July 24th. Can I camp in Tuoliang Mountain? Is it safe?

Camping should also pay attention to safety. You'd better take all the materials.

Tuoliangshan

Tuoliang is located at the junction of Hebei and Shanxi provinces at the northwest end of Pingshan County, Hebei Province. It is138km away from Shijiazhuang City, facing Wutai Mountain, a Buddhist holy place, and is named after the top of the mountain resembles a hump. The main peak is 228 1 m above sea level, which is one of the five highest peaks in Hebei province. Here, there are layers of love, beautiful forests, picturesque canyons, waterfalls, frequent clouds, pleasant climate and charming scenery.

Tuoliang is more famous for its cool climate. The average temperature in summer is only 19℃. The camel beam in summer is green and dripping with water, as if it had just been fished out of the water. The mountains contain haze, and the clouds cover the rain and dew. Clouds are not deep enough to see the beauty of thousands of rocks, and water starts from the river. Nearly 100 waterfalls, such as Triassic Waterfall, Bailong Waterfall, Herringbone Waterfall and Finger Waterfall, dance in the lush and deep 20-mile long gorge, flying beads splash jade, and cold smoke condenses green; Dozens of clear springs, such as ice springs, Longquan springs and Mawei springs, are like a string of pearls scattered in the gorge. They are crystal clear and inexhaustible, and tourists enjoy their drinks. The air grassland and the sea of flowers at the top of Tuoliang Mountain are even more magical masterpieces of nature. The top of the mountain, which is more than 2000 meters above sea level, is rock-wide and fragrant, hidden between blue sky and white clouds and green waves of pine forest.

Tuoliang is the most convenient transit scenic spot connecting Xibaipo and Wutai Mountain. Traveling here can not only fully appreciate the rhythm and scenery of nature, but also fully experience the typical Taihang folk customs. You can also stay in hotels, high-end villas or Changshou Resort in the villa. With the unique taste of green food such as oatmeal, pancakes and cauldrons, it is an excellent place for couples to hold home tours, scientific research tours, ecological tours and mountaineering tours.

The method of camping in the wild

Traveling in the wild inevitably means camping in the wild. Below, we introduce some methods and experiences of camping in the wild.

First of all, the choice of campsite

In the selection of camping sites, in addition to considering the actual situation of individuals, we should first consider the proximity to water and fuel, and at the same time, we should also consider weatherproofing and mosquito prevention. In addition, we should pay attention to avoid avalanches, rolling stones and sudden flash floods and rising water.

In summer, the camping site should be in a dry, high-lying, well-ventilated place with few mosquitoes. Usually, well-ventilated ridges and hilltops near lakes are ideal places to camp in summer.

In winter, the location of the camp should depend on the shelter and the distance from fuel, camping materials and water sources. Generally speaking, forests and bushes are ideal camps. Avoid places that are easily buried by snow, such as the lee side of cliff walls, because in this terrain, the wind will soon blow a lot of snow to bury tents or shelters.

Build a simple tent: You can build a simple tent with square raincoats, blankets, canvas and other toilet equipment.

1. Roof tent: Tie a rope between two trees, or use tools you carry as pillars, connect them with backpack straps, and fix both ends on the ground. Then put the square poncho on the rope or backpack belt and press the bottom with stones. You can also connect several ponchos to form a big tent for 4-8 people. This kind of roof tent is suitable for all kinds of terrain.

2. Inclined tent: This kind of tent is suitable for building on broken walls and ridges. When erecting, one end of the poncho is fixed on the wall or ridge, the other end is fixed on the ground, and both sides are sheltered from the wind with branches and weeds. When the woodland is erected, it can also be fixed with trees.

Attention should be paid to building tents in winter: in areas with thin snow layer, the snow at the building site should be swept clean first. In the deep snow layer, if you only stay temporarily, you can not clear the snow, but compact and flatten it to form an isolation layer on the frozen soil. If you don't move for a while, dig a hole in the snow and bury a tent. This can better resist the cold wind. When building a tent in the open space, you can build a snow wall on the windward side of the tent, which can not only protect the wind, but also facilitate fire fighting.

Camping in the forest

It is best not to spend the night in the forest. Because when people fall asleep, the blood circulation slows down, the skin relaxes, and the resistance to the outside world decreases. After the dew on the skin evaporates, it takes away the heat, which will make people catch a cold and make their joints ache. When camping in the forest area, you can use local materials and build temporary shelters. First, choose two trees as columns. Then tie a crossbar one meter away from the ground, put some back poles (about 45 degrees) on the crossbar, and then tie two crossbars on the back poles, so that the branches can be hung on the bracket layer by layer like paving tiles. The sides of the shed are also covered with branches. In winter, a long bonfire can be set up on the open surface of the shelter to keep warm.

Four, camping in the tropical jungle

In tropical jungle areas, it is necessary to build tight shelters to prevent the intrusion of snakes, insects and heavy rain. Usually, the shelter can be set in a highland that is convenient for drainage. When the weather is sultry, there is often a cool breeze in the highlands.

In the jungle, we can give full play to our creativity and build various forms of shelter by using toilet equipment such as trees, bamboo, rattan, thatch, banana leaves, ponchos and mosquito nets. The basic method is: "first set up scaffolding, then build the roof, at the same time make the bed with a fence, and finally dig out the drainage ditch, eradicate weeds and level the ground."

When camping in the tropical jungle, be careful not to smash the ant nest and yellow honeycomb, remove weeds around the camp, dig drainage ditches around it, and sprinkle a layer of plant ash to prevent snakes and insects from crawling in. The bed should be 30 ~ 50 cm above the ground. If the floor is paved, it can be paved with branches, leaves or thin bamboo mats. Try not to use weeds. Knock on the ground before going to bed and catch crawling bugs. When you wake up, first look around you carefully, otherwise nearby snakes and insects will be disturbed by sudden activities. Also pay attention to keep the shed clean, and all garbage must be buried in time. Because as long as there is star grease, it is possible to attract ants, ants will attract lizards, and lizards will attract snakes. Be careful not to burn fish bones, this smell will also attract snakes.

In addition, hammocks are very suitable because the ground in the jungle area is wet and there are many poisonous snakes and insects, which are easy to be violated when laid on the ground. Tie the two ends of the hammock to two trees, pull a rope on it, spread a square poncho on it, and tie the four corners with ropes to form a waterproof tent.

Five, winter camping

1. Snow caves can be dug in areas with thick snow in cold areas to avoid the wind and cold, and the capacity of the caves depends on needs. If there is no cave or tent for temporary shelter, the stone burning bed is also suitable for camping in winter. Dig a pit suitable for your figure, lay hot stones on the bottom of the pit, cover it with hot lime soil to make it smooth, and then lay hay and dead leaves.

2. Sleeping bags for camping in the snow can't be placed directly on the ice and snow ground. The sleeping bag can be covered with pine branches and coats to prevent the human body from melting and getting cold. Sleeping bags should be fully fluffy before use, so that the insulation effect is better. Sleeping bags must always be kept dry and aired on sunny days. After each use, the warm air is discharged from the bag to prevent the water vapor from condensing and wetting the sleeping bag after the warm air becomes cold. Don't wear too many clothes when entering the sleeping bag. Wearing too much will make people sweat, make the sleeping bag wet and reduce the heat insulation performance.

3. If there is no sleeping bag, you can fold the blanket into a sleeping bag. The method is: fold the blanket in half, the upper part is longer than the lower part, and the long part is stacked under the body, and then the blanket under your feet is stacked under the blanket, so that you can keep warm like a sleeping bag.

It is important to keep clothes dry, especially gloves and socks. It is best to dry it with fire or put it in a sleeping bag at night, and dry it with body temperature when people sleep. You'd better put your shoes in your sleeping bag, too. If you put your shoes outside the sleeping bag, they will freeze hard the next morning, which is not only uncomfortable to wear, but also hurts your feet. It takes more than an hour to melt the frozen shoes. Don't wear shoes to roast your feet. This is not only difficult to dry, but also makes the shoes have water vapor. Going out, walking in the ice and snow will condense into ice, which is easy to get frostbite. You can also put a plastic bag on your socks and put on shoes to keep your feet warm and damp-proof.

5, camping in winter, there are some ways to help warm up. For example, a military kettle filled with hot water can be removed and held in your arms so that you can keep warm and wash your face the next day. Another example is to put one or two burnt stones and bricks under the bed to keep warm, and the effect is also very good. In addition, a small amount of quicklime can be broken and put into bottles, thick plastic bags or kettles, and some water can be added, sealed and put into the bed. /kloc-0 can generate heat after 0/0 ~ 20 minutes, and can maintain a high temperature within 4 ~ 5 hours.

Tent camping is the main camping method for outdoor activities such as field trips and mountaineering expeditions. And it is also a camping way worthy of active promotion.

Its characteristics:

First of all, it is closest to nature. There is no way to get closer to nature than sleeping in a tent. Think about the ground under your feet, not Simmons, spring beds and concrete. Opening the tent door is everything in nature, and no concrete building blocks your view. This is the real return to nature.

Secondly, this is a carefree home. As long as there is a flat land of three square meters under your feet, you can build a "home" for two people, and the lightest tent is only about 1kg. As long as it is around, there will be a shelter from the wind and rain, and it can also help us avoid the cold wind and snow. It is a close companion of our field trip, and we can use it with confidence.

The third is an economical camping method. When traveling abroad, the most economical accommodation cost is accommodation tent. You can calculate: a good tent should be around 450 yuan (for 3 people), and it can be used at least 50 times (at night). Then the per capita cost is only about 3 yuan. Isn't it cheap to stay for 3 yuan a night? Therefore, it is cost-effective and hygienic to stay in tents.

Of course, the price of these benefits is to invest in advance and spend effort on braces.

Selection of camping sites

The selection and construction of camping camps is a big problem related to the rest of all personnel, and the selection of camps is very particular. The following are precautions:

Near water: camping and rest can not be separated from water, and proximity is the primary factor in choosing a camp.

Therefore, when choosing a camp, you should choose to be close to streams, lakes and rivers in order to get water. However, we can't set the camp on the beach. There are power plants upstream of some rivers. When storing water, the floodplain is wide and the water flow is small. Once the water is released, the floodplain will be flooded, including some usually small streams. Once it rains, there may be floods or flash floods. We must pay attention to this problem, especially in rainy season and flash flood-prone areas.

Leeward: When camping in the wild, we should consider the leeward problem, especially in some valleys and river beaches. We should choose leeward places to camp. And pay attention to the orientation of the tent door, not facing the wind. Leeward also considers the safety and convenience of using fire.

Far cliff: When camping, you can't stick the camp under the cliff, which is very dangerous. Once there is a strong wind on the mountain, stones and other things may be scraped off, causing casualties.

Near the village: When the camp is near the village, if there is an emergency, especially when there is no firewood, vegetables and food, you can ask the villagers for help. Being close to the village is also a shortcut, that is, being close to the road is convenient for the movement and transfer of the team.

Shade: If you need to stay in the camp for more than two days, when the weather is good, you should choose a shady place to camp, such as under a big tree and to the north of the mountain. It's better to bask in the sun in the morning rather than at sunset. If you rest during the day, the tent will not be too stuffy.

Lightning protection: In rainy season or lightning-prone areas, the camp shall not be built on highland, tall trees or isolated flat land. It's easy to attract lightning strikes.

builders'temporary shed (on a construction site)

After the camp is selected, it is necessary to build a camp. Especially for field campsites with a certain scale, the construction of the whole camp is particularly important, which is divided into the following steps:

Level the site: clean up the selected tent area and remove all kinds of uneven, prickly and sharp things, such as stones and bushes. Uneven places can be filled with soil or grass. If it is a slope, as long as the slope does not exceed 10 degrees, it can be used as a campsite.

Site zoning: A complete camp should be divided into tent camping area, fire prevention area, dining area, entertainment area, water area (toilet), health area and other areas. The first to implement the campsite first. Are you familiar with the fire area? Hey, hey, hey, hey? 0 ~ 15 meters above, in case Mars burns the tent. The dining area should use the nearby fire area to cook and eat. The activity and entertainment area should be in the downwind of the dining area to prevent the dust generated by the activity from polluting tableware and other things, and the distance from the tent area should be 15 ~ 20 meters to reduce the influence on the companions who go to bed early. The sanitary area should be downwind of the camping area and keep a certain distance from the dining area and activity area. The water area should be divided into two sections, the upper section is the drinking water area and the lower section is the domestic water area.

Construction of tent camping area: If there is a tent camping area composed of several tents, attention should be paid to the arrangement of tents: first of all, all tents should face in one direction, that is, the tent doors should be opened in one direction and arranged side by side. Second, the pitch of tents should not be less than 1 m. Try not to tie the wind rope of tents unless necessary, so as not to trip people. Third, a warning line (ditch) should be set up when necessary. Sleeping in Shan Ye may be attacked by threatening animals or bad people. Of course, this possibility is very small. Stimulating substances such as lime and tar can be used to draw a circle around the tent area to prevent the invasion of reptiles such as snakes. Or using electronic alarm systems and other methods.

Build a dining area with fire: Dining is usually in the same or similar place with fire. This area should keep a certain distance from the tent area to prevent Mars from burning the tent. It's best to cook in places with ridges and stones, so as to dig the ground and make stoves. The collected firewood should be stacked outdoors or in the windward. It is best to have a lawn where everyone sits around in the dining area. The "dining table" can be a large flat stone or placed on the ground. "Dining chair" is also best to use stones, or sit on the floor. Because the atmosphere is harmful to human body, you can use your own sleeping mat or air pillow instead. Don't be afraid of trouble, at least use a raincoat or plastic sheeting. It's already dark during most meals, so we should consider the location of lighting, whether it's using steam lamps or other means. The lamp should be placed in a place where it can illuminate in a wide range, such as hanging on a tree, on a stone platform or hanging on a lamp rack.

Construction of water intake area: water intake and water intake are generally at the water source, and washing water should be separated from edible water. If it is tap water, the upstream should be edible water and the downstream should be washing water. In the case of lake water, it is also a place to be separated, and the distance between two uses of water should be above 10 meter. This division is for hygiene. In addition, there are a lot of stony shrubs and other things in the river beach where water is taken, so we can't find the path, so we should clean it up during the day, otherwise it is not convenient to take water at night.

Establish a sanitary area: the sanitary area is a convenient place for players to relieve themselves. If you only stay for one night, you don't need to dig a toilet. You can designate a convenient place for men and women. If the number of team members is large or the number of days of accommodation exceeds two days, latrines should be dug, and temporary toilets should be built in densely wooded places without curtains. More attention should be paid not to build in places where pedestrians often pass by. If there are many streams nearby, you can build the toilet on the stream and erect two big logs on the stream. It should be stable and safe, so that everyone can urinate on it and discharge it directly into the stream. Don't worry about polluting the river, a small amount of feces will be biodecomposed or naturally purified in the river. If the sanitary area has been built, everyone should urinate in the sanitary area under construction, instead of excreting all over the mountain, which will ruin the scenery.

Build an entertainment area: the entertainment area can be cleaned up after dinner. If the site is large, you can also set aside a piece of land separately, as long as the site is flat. At the same time, there are few things (short trees) tripped and touched in the site, which need to be cleaned up. When playing some games, draw a protective rope in the designated circle to avoid accidents.

Little knowledge of field meteorology;

Outdoor travel needs to know some basic knowledge of meteorology. This book is introduced in chapter 7, and here is the introduction of camping in the wild. Once we are outdoors, we have to resign ourselves to fate. We can only know nature, but we can't control it. During the trip, in case of thunderstorm, blizzard, etc., you should stop and rest. And you can continue to act under other circumstances. Camping in the wild requires more consideration of some meteorological issues:

Rainproof measures:

Rain protection is an important issue in camping weather. If it is judged that it may rain that night, the camp and tent should be treated with necessary rain protection. In addition to choosing a good camp, we should also dig a flood discharge ditch, strengthen the tent and enhance its rain-proof performance. For example, rain-proof plastic sheets and raincoats can be covered outside the tent, and various travel goods can be put in the tent. It is a great gift to observe the weather changes before camping in the rain, and often go out to travel, observe more and accumulate more experience.

Windbreak wall:

Wind direction is more important for camping, which is related to the opening direction of tent doors and stoves and the overall layout of various areas in the camp. This requires some knowledge of topography and climate, camping near the great lakes, and the wind changes in the opposite direction in the morning and evening. During the day, the ground temperature rises rapidly and the wind blows to the land. At night, the ground temperature drops rapidly and the wind blows to the lake area. Therefore, the tent door should be opened to the leeward side and the stove mouth should be opened to the downwind side. There is a similar situation in dry and hot mountainous areas. During the day, because the temperature rise in the valley (valley) is slower than that in the hillside (mountain top), there is an upward airflow, that is, the valley blows upward, and at night there is a downward airflow, and the wind blows in the valley. So camping in the valley should consider this situation in advance. It is very important to study the wind direction, which corresponds to outdoor sports. If possible, you can bring a wind direction and anemometer, or check the wind according to the following table. When writing a diary, you might as well record the maximum wind speed of a day.

Attached Table (6- 1) Summary of Wind Levels Wind speed unit: m/s

The outer boundary of the wind speed.

The level 0 static wind is 0.0-0.2, the smoke column is straight up, there is no wave on the water surface, and the leaves are still.

1 soft wind 0.3- 1.5 is weak, smoke floats with the wind and leaves move slightly.

Level 2 breeze 1.6-3.3 people felt it, the trees made a slight sound and the flag began to move.

The third-level breeze is 3.4-5.4, shaking twigs, hanging flags and shaking rice.

The breeze is 5.5-7.9. The branches are bent, the dust is everywhere, and the paper is floating in the air.

Level 5 gale is 8.0- 10.7. Small trees shake, lakes and ponds fluctuate, and crops fluctuate.

6-level gale 10.8- 13.8 wires can be heard, umbrellas are difficult to walk, and trees shake.

Strong gale 13.9- 17. 1, making it difficult to walk in the wind. The whole tree shakes and the big tree bends.

A gale of magnitude 8 17.2-20.7, with great resistance, broken branches and fierce river waves.

9-level gale 20.8-24.4 blew over the chimney, damaged the hut and moved the tiles.

10 gale 24.5-28.4 pedestrians were blown away, it was difficult to walk against the wind, and trees were blown down.

1 1 Storm 28.5-32.6 was severely damaged.

12 hurricanes above 32.7 were extremely destructive.

Temperature:

Temperature is equally important for outdoor travel, so we should learn to manage the temperature, that is, grasp the temperature changes and laws in what season and area, and configure the equipment and clothes on this basis. Learn to have a more accurate intuitive judgment of the temperature and its changes, which requires carrying a thermometer at all times for regular comparative observation and experience. In a day, usually at 2 pm, the highest temperature in a day is its peak; And 2 ~ 3 pm is the lowest point. The temperature difference between days is called diurnal range, which is related to geographical latitude, topography, season, weather conditions and other factors. Generally speaking, the daily range in low latitudes is greater than that in high latitudes, inland areas are greater than coastal areas, sunny days are greater than cloudy days, basins are greater than plains, and deserts are greater than woodlands. In the forest, the diurnal range is small due to the storage function of the forest. The temperature in the forest is 0.7~2.3℃ lower than that in the woodland, 8 ~ 10℃ lower in summer, 4 ~ 5℃ lower in winter, and the humidity in the forest is also high. We should pay attention to this problem when camping in the forest.

Accommodation cave

In the wild in most parts of the south, we can often see various forms of caves, such as dry caves, water caves, karst caves, compound caves and so on. Cave accommodation is one of the most common ways of field travel. Our ancestors lived in caves and started their new life on the ground. It can be seen that the accommodation cave is a safe, convenient, warm and sheltered place. Pay attention to the following points when staying in caves:

Ventilation: first of all, check whether the cave is a ventilation hole, not a dead hole. It is very important to keep the air circulating. You can light a cigarette and check whether the hole is ventilated. As long as the smoke floats in one direction or outside the hole, it means that the hole is ventilated.

Shallow living: Most caves are deep. From the perspective of safety, it is best to arrange the camp near the entrance to facilitate evacuation and transfer.

Water regime: when determining whether a cave can be accommodated, we must first understand the water regime of the cave. Most caves have flowing groundwater, and some groundwater conditions are very complicated, especially in rainy season. The selected residence should be dry and free of dripping water.

Others should pay attention to staying in caves: bats, swallows and other animals live in many caves, so it is best to stay in caves without disturbing them or changing a hole. If you don't have experience in cave exploration, you should be less active in caves and prohibit single-person activities; You don't need to set up a tent to live in a cave, you just need to spread all kinds of sleeping utensils. If there are mosquitoes, you can burn cigarettes to drive them away.

Outdoor camping:

Sleeping out is a kind of exercise and test for our outdoor life, and it is also a rare life experience. In the weather without rain, strong wind, heavy snow and frost, you can try to sleep in the open air without any shelter such as tents. You can choose a big tree, covered with plastic sheets and moisture-proof mats, and then put a sleeping bag. You can cover the sleeping bag with another plastic sheet, or simply hang a poncho above the sleeping bag. The main problem of sleeping is to prevent the invasion of dew and mosquitoes. You can cover the headgear of the sleeping bag with gauze to prevent mosquito bites, or set off fireworks all night. Burning smoke can prevent the first frost and reduce dew. In some rural areas, farmers can do this to reduce the first frost. Of course, don't sleep in rainy season and winter. In addition, be careful not to sleep near the water, where there are many mosquitoes and it is not safe. At the same time, the temperature of sleeping in the open air is about 5 degrees lower than that of tents, so you should add more clothes to prevent catching cold.

Another way to sleep is to use a hammock. The advantage of hammock is that it will not be disturbed by animals (such as snakes and other reptiles) on the ground, and it is very suitable in some wet areas. When using the hammock, you should put a damp-proof pad under the sleeping bag and hang a poncho on it. There is a hammock tent with a rainproof awning and mosquito screen, which is very suitable for camping in the jungle.

Snowhouse:

On a snowy day with heavy snow, if the snow is thick, you can make a simple igloo with snow, which is familiar to hunters in the northeast countryside. To build an igloo, it is necessary to have relatively compact snow, and then cut it with a shovel or something. Due to the limitation of space, this book does not study camping methods under special conditions.

Field work and rest:

Reasonable outdoor work and rest arrangement is an important way to ensure good health. Often due to excitement, excitement and other reasons, people will talk endlessly around the campfire or engage in some recreational activities, thus affecting normal rest. Pay special attention to this, because everyone is very tired after a day's activities. At this time, the captain should stipulate a unified schedule, such as taking a rest at night 12 and getting up at 7 ~ 8 in the morning. In particular, it should be emphasized that to be unified, the whole should not be affected by the individual.