Example of meteorological bureau organization

Main projects: China Meteorological Bureau.

China Meteorological Bureau is a public institution directly under the State Council. Its predecessor was the Meteorological Bureau of the Central Military Commission, which was established in1949 65438+February. 1994 after the institutions directly under the State Council were changed into institutions directly under the State Council, they were authorized by the State Council to undertake the government management functions of national meteorological work and be responsible for the organization and management of national meteorological work. The meteorological departments throughout the country implement unified leadership and hierarchical management, and the meteorological departments and local people's governments have dual leadership, with the meteorological departments as the main leaders. The meteorological cause in China is a basic social public welfare cause based on science and technology.

China has initially formed a modern comprehensive atmospheric observation system that combines space-based, air-based and ground-based, with relatively complete categories and basically reasonable layout; A meteorological service system consisting of weather forecast, climate forecast, weather modification, drought monitoring and forecasting, lightning protection, agrometeorology, ecology and the development and utilization of climate resources has basically been formed. Meteorological services involve industry, agriculture, fishery, commerce, energy, transportation, construction, forestry, water conservancy, land and resources, ocean, salt industry, environmental protection, tourism, aviation, post and telecommunications, insurance and so on. With the development of science and technology, economy and society, meteorological services and services such as atmospheric composition analysis and early warning, space weather early warning, sandstorm weather monitoring and forecasting, lightning protection device detection and engineering design, health and medical meteorology, and emergency response to public emergencies have also developed rapidly. Meteorological services have basically covered all fields of national economic construction, social development and national security, and the input-output ratio of social benefits and economic benefits of meteorological services has reached 1∶40.

China has formed a research system of meteorological science and technology basic research, high-tech research and application development. China Meteorological Bureau has nine national scientific research institutes, including China Meteorological Research Institute, China Meteorological Bureau Beijing Urban Meteorological Institute, China Meteorological Bureau Shenyang Atmospheric Environment Institute, China Meteorological Bureau Wuhan Rainstorm Institute, China Meteorological Bureau Shanghai Typhoon Institute, China Meteorological Bureau Guangzhou Tropical Marine Meteorological Institute, China Meteorological Bureau Chengdu Plateau Meteorological Institute, China Meteorological Bureau Lanzhou Drought Meteorological Institute and China Meteorological Bureau Urumqi Desert Meteorological Institute. In 2004, the Ministry of Science and Technology approved the establishment of the State Key Laboratory of Disaster Weather by China Meteorological Bureau. China Meteorological Bureau is one of the earliest departments in China to carry out the reform of public welfare scientific research institutes, and has passed the reform acceptance of national public welfare scientific research institutes, initially forming a new meteorological science and technology innovation system. China Meteorological Bureau is the domestic lead unit of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), and has carried out a series of research on climate change science, impacts and countermeasures.

China adheres to an independent foreign policy and actively carries out multilateral and bilateral cooperation in meteorological science and technology with international organizations, countries and regions around the country's political, economic, scientific and diplomatic strategies. Bilateral meteorological science and technology cooperation and exchanges have been carried out with more than 160 countries and regions, and meteorological science and technology cooperation agreements have been signed with 2 1 countries, providing equipment and technical assistance to more than 70 developing countries. More than 350 meteorological directors and senior officials from 120 countries and regions visited China. China is a member of the World Meteorological Organization. Since 1973, the Director of China Meteorological Bureau has been a member of the Executive Council of the World Meteorological Organization. Zou, director of China Meteorological Bureau, was elected as the second vice-chairman of the World Meteorological Organization in 1983, the president in 1987 and the president in 199 1. In 20001year, officials from China served as Assistant Secretary-General in WMO Secretariat, and as Deputy Secretary-General of WMO in 2004. China National Meteorological Center is one of the professional meteorological centers in WMO region, which undertakes the meteorological forecast service in the Asia-Pacific region. China National Meteorological Information Center is one of the regional communication hubs of the World Meteorological Organization's global meteorological telecommunication system, and participates in the exchange of global meteorological observation data. Since 1980s, China has been actively participating in international activities to deal with global warming and climate change. Scientists from China have long served as co-chairs of Working Group I of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which has played an important role in promoting climate change research and sustainable human development. China scientists also actively participate in the activities of the World Meteorological Organization and Typhoon Committee in various fields and related international research programs.

China Meteorological Bureau has internal organs: office, monitoring network department, forecasting and disaster reduction department, science and technology development department, planning and finance department, personnel education department, policy and regulation department, international cooperation department, government party committee, retired cadre office, supervision room and audit room.

The main institutions directly under China Meteorological Bureau include National Meteorological Center (Central Meteorological Observatory), National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Space Weather Monitoring and Early Warning Center), National Climate Center, National Meteorological Information Center, China Meteorological Research Institute, China Meteorological Bureau Atmospheric Detection Technology Center, China Meteorological Bureau Training Center, China Meteorological Bureau Administration, China Meteorological Bureau Service Center, China Meteorological Bureau Film and Television Publicity Center, China Meteorological News Agency and Meteorological Press.

The national meteorological departments (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) have 3 14 meteorological bureaus in provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, 4 meteorological bureaus in sub-provincial cities (including 4 meteorological bureaus in cities with separate plans and 0 meteorological bureaus in provincial capital cities), 3 18 meteorological bureaus in prefectures and counties.

There are 52,988 full-time meteorological departments in China, including 6 academicians of the two academies, 26 doctoral supervisors and 44 15 senior technical titles. Main entrance: National Weather Service.

The National Weather Service is one of the six departments under the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of the US Department of Commerce. Founded in 1870, headquartered in Silver Spring, Maryland. Mainly responsible for providing weather, hydrological and climate forecasts and warnings for the United States and its territory, nearby seas and marine areas to protect life and property and the national economy.

National support center

The National Meteorological Administration has many national support centers, which are responsible for specialized operations and provide support to local sub-bureaus. Nine of them belong to the National Environmental Forecasting Center Group (NCEP) located in kamps Springs, Maryland, including Climate Forecasting Center (CPC), Environmental Simulation Center (EMC), Hydrometeorological Forecasting Center (HPC) and Ocean Forecasting Center (OPC) located at NCEP headquarters. As well as the Aviation Meteorological Center (AWC) in Kansas City, Missouri, the Space Environment Center (SEC) in Boulder, Colorado, the Storm Forecasting Center (SPC) in Norman, Oklahoma and the National Hurricane Center (TPC/NHC) in Miami, Florida.

In addition to NCEP, NMA has two tsunami warning centers (West Coast and Alaska Tsunami Warning Center [WC/ATWC] and Pacific Tsunami Warning Center [[〔PTWC〕]] and several training and research units.

Regional headquarters and local branches

The local branches of the National Weather Service are divided into six regional headquarters (East, Central, South, West, Alaska and Pacific), and the local branches are mainly divided into three types:

There is a 122 meteorological forecasting office, which is responsible for providing forecasting and early warning services for the public, coastal waters, fire prevention work and major airports in the area under its jurisdiction. In addition to issuing forecasts and warnings to the public, it is also responsible for contacting county and city emergency agencies, law enforcement units, mass media and volunteer observers in the region.

There is a 13 river forecasting center, and the hydrological and meteorological personnel on duty are responsible for monitoring the river flow and water level within their respective jurisdictions, and issuing river water level forecast and flood warning when necessary. The river forecasting center is also responsible for estimating the soil water-holding capacity of all river basins in China, and then issuing "flash flood guidance" for meteorologists to refer to when calculating whether it is necessary to issue flash flood warning or warning.

The central meteorological service unit is located in the Federal Aviation Administration 2 1 ARTCC, which is responsible for providing aviation-related meteorological information to the Aviation Administration and coordinating the forecasting and early warning services of major airports and airspace with AWC and various meteorological forecasting offices in the region.