Flower questionnaire ~ ~ seven! It's urgent ! ! (Common indoor flowers, living habits and maintenance points)! !

Chlorophytum, also known as Sedum sarmentosum, Gui Lan, Eupatorium odoratum and Eupatorium odoratum, is also known as spider grass or flying grass in western Europe, and is native to South Africa. It is a perennial evergreen herb of Liliaceae. The roots are fleshy and the leaves are slender, like orchids. The stolons extracted from the axils of the leaves of chlorophytum are feet long, some are just soft; The tufted leaves at the top of the stem hang outward from the edge of the basin and flutter with the wind, looking like a crane spreading its wings and jumping. Therefore, the crane orchid was called the folded crane orchid in ancient times.

Chinese name: chlorophytum

Latin scientific name: Chlorophytum

Field: the field of plants

Phylum: Angiosperm phylum

Class: Monocotyledon

Objective: Lily

Suborder: Liliinae

Family: Liliaceae

Genus: chlorophytum.

Distribution: Originated in southern Africa, it is now widely planted all over the world.

Chlorophytum comosum

Chlorophytum is a perennial herb with tufted cylindrical fibrous roots and rhizomes. The leaves are basal, strip-shaped to strip-lanceolate, long and narrow, flexible like blue, 20-45 cm long, 1-2 cm wide, and the top is long and tapering; The stem is buckled at the base and inserted on the short stem. The biggest feature of chlorophytum is that mature plants will grow stems from time to time. The stem is 30-60 cm long, and a small plant will grow at the top. The flower pavilion is slender, longer than leaves and curved; Racemes are solitary or branched, and sometimes 2-8 cm long leaf clusters grow on the upper nodes of inflorescences; Flowers are white, a few in a cluster, scattered on the inflorescence axis. The flowering period is in spring and summer, and it can also bloom indoors in winter. At present, in addition to pure green leaves, there are three horticultural varieties: Chlorophytum macrophyllum, Chlorophytum Jin Xin and Chlorophytum Phnom Penh. The leaves of the first two are green, while the middle of the leaves are yellow and white; On the other hand, Chlorophytum phnom penh has yellow and white stripes on both sides of the edge of green leaves. Among them, chlorophytum macrophyllum is an elegant indoor foliage plant with large plant type, wide leaves and soft leaves color.

strange hobby

Its nature likes warm, humid and semi-cloudy environment. Strong adaptability, drought tolerance, not cold tolerance. It grows better in loose and fertile sandy soil with good drainage, which has nothing to do with the soil. The requirements for light are not strict, and it is generally suitable for growing under medium light conditions and is also resistant to weak light. The optimum growth temperature is 15-25℃, and the overwintering temperature is 5℃.

The optimum growth temperature of chlorophytum is 20 ~ 24℃, at which time it grows fastest and is easy to sprout creeping branches. When the growth is stopped above 30℃, the leaves often turn yellow and dry. When the room temperature is kept above 12℃ in winter, the plants can grow normally and the leaves can open. Low temperature, slow growth or dormancy; When the temperature is lower than 5℃, chilling injury is easy to occur. Chlorophytum should be planted in sandy loam, with large pots and few plants, like drainage and good air permeability, such as medium-sized flowerpots with 2 ~ 3 plants. If there are too many plants, there will be more water demand. For example, if a small pot of soil is short of water supply, the leaves will wither easily. Potted humus soil or peat soil, garden soil and river sand are mixed in equal amount, and a small amount of base fertilizer is added as matrix.

Chlorophytum likes warm and humid climate conditions, which is neither cold nor heat-resistant. It should be semi-cloudy and afraid of strong light. Suitable for well-drained, fertile sandy soil, not cold-resistant. In North China 10, chlorophytum should be put indoors, hung in front of the window or on the top of the bookshelf, and sprayed with water close to room temperature every five to seven days.

Change the pot every two years in March. When changing pots, remove some old soil, trim the extra roots slightly, cut off dead roots and yellow leaves, and re-prepare the culture soil. Replace it with a culture soil which is a mixture of three parts humus soil and seven parts sandy soil. Put 2-3 pieces of broken bones on the pelvic floor. During the growing period, dilute fertilizer solution was applied every 10- 14 days, mainly nitrogen fertilizer. However, it is not suitable to apply too much nitrogen fertilizer to varieties in Jin Xin and Phnom Penh, otherwise the mottle of leaves will become inconspicuous. Lift the leaves when fertilizing. Avoid dyeing leaves, which will easily hurt young leaves and tips. After each fertilization, it is best to spray clean water to clean the leaves.

Chlorophytum likes humidity, and its fleshy roots have developed water storage tissues and strong drought resistance. However, it needs a lot of water during the peak growth period from March to September, so it should be watered frequently and sprayed on the leaves to increase humidity. Gradually reduce the amount of watering after autumn to improve the cold resistance of plants. Water once every morning and evening in summer, once every day in spring and autumn, and it is forbidden to be wet in winter, but it can be watered every 4-5 days, and the amount of water should not be too much. Chlorophytum is suitable for growing in humid air. If the air is dry, it will grow poorly, with small leaves and yellow tips. Therefore, in the vigorous growth period, the foliage should be sprayed with water 1-2 times a day to increase the air humidity.

Chlorophytum can be propagated by cutting, dividing plants and sowing. Cutting and ramet propagation of chlorophytum can be carried out at any time from spring to autumn. Chlorophytum has strong adaptability, high survival rate and is generally easy to breed. When cutting, only 5- 10 cm stolons with new buds need to be inserted into the soil to take root in about a week. They can be transplanted into flowerpots in about 20 days, watered in the shade and maintained. When dividing the plant, the plant can be taken out of the pot, the old soil and rotten roots are removed, the old roots are cut off, three stems are left on the plant, and then transplanted and cultured separately. You can also cut off the clustered stems and leaves (actually a new kind of plant larva, with leaves above and air roots below) on the stolons of chlorophytum, and plant them directly in flowerpots for cultivation. The seed propagation of chlorophytum can be carried out in March every year. Because the seed particles are not large, the covering soil on the seed should not be thick, generally 0.5 cm. At the temperature of 15℃, the seeds can germinate in about 2 weeks, and the seedlings can be transplanted and cultured after they are formed. Pests and diseases: there are few pests and diseases in chlorophytum, mainly biological diseases, and the leaves are yellow, so the management of fertilizer and water should be strengthened. Check regularly and wipe off the scale insects and whiteflies on the leaves in time. Chlorophytum is not prone to pests and diseases, but if the basin soil is waterlogged and poorly ventilated, it will not only lead to root rot, but also cause root rot, so we should pay attention to spraying drugs.

2. evergreen trees

Morphology and habits of evergreen plants

morphological character

Perennial evergreen herb with no aboveground stems. Rhizomes are short, yellow and white, with nodes, and many slender fibrous roots are born on the nodes. Leaves are clustered with rhizomes, thick, lanceolate or banded,10 ~ 25cm long and 2.5 ~ 5.5cm wide, with edges slightly folded inward, petiole-shaped base gradually narrowed, dark green at the top and light green at the bottom, with many parallel veins straight out and strong main veins. In spring and summer, flowers grow from the leaves, the length is 10~20 cm; Many flowers, clustered at the top, arranged in short spikes; Perianth 6 pieces, pale green and white, ovoid to triangular, pointed at the head, wide at the base, and disc-shaped at the lower part; Stamens 6, sessile, oblong; Ovary spherical, style short, stigma 3-lobed. Berries are spherical and orange-red; Contains 1 seeds.

Common varieties are: 1, marginal variety. Other varieties with big leaves, thin leaves, short plants and yellow and white stripes are more common in Japan and Taiwan Province Province.

Place of production

Evergreen trees are native to China and Japan. Widely distributed in China, including East China, Central China and Southwest China. The main producing areas are Zhejiang, Jiangxi and Hubei.

Habitable

I like to grow in wet places under forests or grasslands. Sexual preference for semi-cloudy, warm, humid and well-ventilated environment, not drought-tolerant, slightly cold-tolerant; Avoid direct sunlight and stagnant water. Garden soil can be cultivated in general, but slightly acidic sandy loam with rich humus and good water permeability is the best.

[Cultivation] Potted soil consists of 2 parts humus soil, 1 part garden soil, 1 part river sand and a small amount of decomposed base fertilizer. In the growing season, in order to keep the soil moist, we should water it more instead of drying it in the sun, and at the same time, spray water on the leaves. Humidity control in autumn, both dry and wet; Pay attention to dry basin soil in winter. Fertilization during the growth period is generally one month 1 time, and direct sunlight and shading should be avoided. Change pots every spring 1 time. The wintering temperature in winter should not be lower than 65438 00℃.

【 Use 】 Potted plants for ornamental purposes. Suitable for decorating living room and study. Decorative application: small potted plants can be placed on desks and windowsills for viewing. Medium-sized potted plants can be placed in the corner of the living room and beside the sofa as decoration to make the room full of natural vitality.

Illumination: Resistant to semi-shade, avoiding too strong sunlight, but too dark illumination can also lead to leaf fading.

Water: I like moist water, so I need to water more during the growing season from March to August. Sprinkle water frequently in summer to increase the humidity of the environment.

Temperature: like high temperature, not cold-resistant, and the suitable temperature for growth is 20-30℃. The lowest overwintering temperature is above 65438 02℃. Once frozen, the leaves will wither and the terminal buds will die.

Fertilizer: apply nitrogen fertilizer every month during the growing period to promote its rapid growth, and apply 1 double fertilizer every two weeks from March to August. Reduce fertilization after autumn.

Soil: loose, fertile and well-drained soil is needed. Propagation: Cutting propagation. Spring and summer are fine. Take shoots with a length of 10- 15 cm, insert them into yellow sand culture medium, take root in 20-30 days, and then replace them with new pots according to the plant size.

3. green radish

Large evergreen lianas. Growing in tropical areas, climbing on rocks and trunks in rainforests can grow into huge vines. There are yellow spots on the green leaves. Strong entanglement, developed air roots. It can not only be attached to brown columns, placed in lobbies and hotels, but also cultivated to be hung on study rooms and windowsills. It is a flower suitable for indoor display.

Chinese name: green radish

Latin scientific name: green radish

Nicknames: devil's vine, stone orange, bamboo leaves and grains.

Family: Araceae

Genus: Chlorella

The flower language of green radish: watch for happiness

Origin and Habit: Green radish is native to Central and South America. Sexual preference for warm and humid environment requires loose, fertile and well-drained soil. Ornamental value: Green radish is one of the excellent indoor decorative plants, climbing vines and foliage flowers. Radish stems are thin and soft, and leaves are exquisite and beautiful. Put a set of pots on the top of the furniture cabinet to let the vines hang down calmly, or hang them in a circle after the vines hang down for too long, just like jade reliefs. This not only makes full use of the space, purifies the air, but also adds lively and colorful green ornaments to the dull counter, which is full of vitality and adds fun to the room.

Morphological characteristics: the rattan of Solanum lyratum Thunb is several meters long, and there are air roots in the internodes. With the growth of age, the stems become thicker and the leaves become bigger and bigger. Leaves alternate, green, a few leaves will be slightly yellow mottled, and the whole is heart-shaped. Propagation technique: Generally, green radish is propagated by cutting. The stem segments with aerial roots are directly inserted into plain sand or vermiculite with cutting depth of 1/3, drenched with water, and placed in a cool place, and the leaves are sprayed with water or covered with plastic film every day to keep moist, and the ambient temperature is not lower than 20℃.

Management technology: the family potted plant of green radish is relatively simple. First of all, there are at least four seedlings in a pot. Potted soil should be loose and fertile, rich in organic matter, which is conducive to molding. Secondly, radish needs to grow in an environment with high temperature (room temperature can not be lower than 10℃ in winter) and strong scattered light. If it is too dark for a long time, the internodes will be slender and weak, and the leaves will become thinner and lighter, losing luster. Radish roots like a moderately humid environment. The relative humidity of the leaves is required to be above 60%, so when watering moderately and keeping the soil dry, water should be sprayed on the leaves and back frequently. In summer and autumn, spray water on the leaves every morning, noon and evening to increase humidity. Apply dilute liquid fertilizer every 10 ~ 1 day/time, and the plants are multi-branched and should be pruned properly.

Key points of cultivation

Green radish grows rapidly and its cultivation and management are extensive. In the process of cultivation management, more water should be sprayed on the plants in summer, and fertilizer should be applied outside the roots every 10 day to keep the leaves green. Potted seedlings should be cut off when they grow out of the cultivation column 30cm; When the foot leaves fall off 30%-50%, it should be abandoned and replanted. Potted plants with green columns are ideal plants for courtyard doorposts and wall greening, and their leaves are also well arranged and matched. Maintenance skills 1. Loose, slightly acidic and neutral sandy loam rich in organic matter is the best place for cultivation and development. Change the pot once every three years. Green radish is a negative plant, which avoids direct sunlight, likes scattered light and is more resistant to shade. Usually it takes four hours to receive scattered light, and the growth and development of green radish is the best. Second, cutting and burying stems for propagation. Choose strong rattan, cut it into two sections, be careful not to hurt the air roots, then insert it into plain sand or cinder to the depth of 1/3 of the cuttings, drench it with water, put it in a cool place, and spray a new high-fat film for moisturizing, and the survival rate will be improved by more than 90%. Third, the green radish likes greater air humidity and humid environment. Summer is the peak of radish growth. Spraying the aerial roots and leaves of radish several times a day can not only clean the dust of the leaves, but also make the leaves green, reduce the temperature of the leaves, increase the air humidity in the microenvironment and make the leaves grow better. Fertilization of radish is mainly based on nitrogen fertilizer, supplemented by potassium fertilizer. Spray new high-fat film to keep fertilizer and moisture. In winter, the room temperature is low, and the green radish is in a dormant state. Water less and keep the soil dry. 4. The optimum growth temperature of radish is 20℃-28℃ during the day and 15℃- 18℃ at night. As long as the indoor temperature is not lower than 10℃ in winter, the green radish can survive the winter safely. If the temperature is lower than 5℃, it will easily cause defoliation and affect its growth. Spraying Zhuangganling at the right time during the growth period can make the stems and leaves stout, fresh and tender, and the plants flourish.

4.asparagus

Asparagus, also known as Pinus yunnanensis, Asparagus spinosa and Yunzhu, is a perennial evergreen vine foliage plant and a famous ornamental plant. Gracilaria lemaneiformis, a plant of Asparagus in Liliaceae, has roots in medicine and has the functions of treating acute tracheitis, relieving cough and moistening lung. Potted leaves are the main material for cutting leaves.

Latin scientific name: asparagus

Nicknames: Yunpiansong, Asparagus spinosa, yunzhu.

Field: the field of plants

Phylum: Angiosperm phylum

Class: monocotyledonous plants class

Objective: Liliaceae.

Family: Liliaceae

Category:

Fleshy, soft stems, slender stems climbing; Usually, green leaves are not real leaves, but leaflike branches. True leaves degenerate into scales and light brown, and are planted at the base of leafy branches. The leaflike branches are long and slender, triangular and horizontally pinnate; Each leaflike branch has 6- 13 branchlets, 3-6 mm long and green. The scales on the main stem are prickly, like pine needles, delicate and beautiful. Flowers are small, bisexual, white and green. L-3 flowers are planted on short stalks, and the flowering period is spring. Berry is spherical, purple-black when ripe, with 1-3 seeds.

Potted asparagus is usually mixed with 1 humus soil, 2 parts garden soil and 1 river sand as the base material, and a small amount of decomposed animal manure is added as the base fertilizer when planting. The key problem in its cultivation management is watering. Too much watering is easy to cause root rot and yellow leaves to fall off; If there is too little water, the soil in the basin is too dry, which will easily lead to yellowing of the tip and leaf falling off. Therefore, it is necessary to properly control the amount of watering at ordinary times, so that it will be transparent if it is not done, and the basin soil will always be wet. When the weather is hot, in addition to watering the basin soil, we should also often spray water on the leaves to improve the air humidity; After winter, the amount of watering can be reduced appropriately. Apply dilute liquid fertilizer 1-2 times a month during the growth period, and avoid applying thick fertilizer, otherwise the branches and leaves will turn yellow. In plant modeling, we can reduce the amount of fertilizer, avoid unnecessary growth and affect the beautiful modeling of plants, and at the same time pay attention to proper pruning and modeling. Suitable for growing in a semi-cool and ventilated environment, pay attention to proper shading, especially in summer and autumn to avoid direct sunlight and yellow leaves. It is best to cultivate in a place with a certain diffuse light indoors.

Maintenance precautions

First, prevent the sun from being too strong and keep it in a semi-shady place. Although asparagus likes warmth, its tip is easy to wither under strong light.

The second is to prevent watering too much or too little. Although asparagus likes to be wet, it should not be too wet. If the basin soil is too wet and the drainage is not smooth, the roots will rot. Too little or no watering will cause the leaves to fall off because of the large evaporation and small absorption of asparagus.

The third is to prevent the pollution of harmful gases. Asparagus likes a clean and ventilated environment. If it is stimulated by harmful gases such as smoke, gas and pesticides, its leaves will turn yellow, curl and even die.

5. cash cow

As a perennial evergreen herb, it is an extremely rare underground tuber foliage plant, native to tropical Africa.

Chinese name: Shu

Mbth: Zamioculcas zamiifolia

Nicknames: money tree, snow iron taro, Araceae, dragon and phoenix tree.

Family: Araceae

Genus: Aralia elata

Related flower language: auspicious and rich.

Cash cow originated in the tropical (grassland) climate zone with less rainfall in eastern Africa. I like warm and slightly dry environment, semi-cloudy environment, small annual temperature difference, and relatively drought-resistant, but I am afraid of cold, strong light, clay and water accumulation in basin soil. If the basin soil is impermeable to water, it will easily lead to tuber rot. The soil is required to be loose and fertile, well drained, rich in organic matter and acidic to slightly acidic. Strong germination, after cutting off the thick compound leaves, the top of the tuber will soon grow new leaves.

Factory division

In April, when the outdoor temperature reaches 18℃ or above, move the big plant of money tree out of the pot, shake off most of the soil, break it from the weak node of the tuber, and apply sulfur powder or plant ash, another potted seed, to the wound. When planting, be careful not to bury it too deep, just bury the top of its tuber under the soil 1.5 ~ 2 cm. In addition, according to the characteristics of tubers with latent buds, a huge single tuber can be cut into small pieces with 2-3 latent buds. After the wound is dried, it is first buried in slightly wet fine sand, and the cut small tubers grow into independent plants before being planted in potted plants.

Cutting propagation method

Cuttings can be made with single leaf leaflets, leaf axes with two leaves or single leaf axes. Judging from the rooting effect, the cuttings with leaves on the leaf axis have fast rooting speed and high germination rate, and it is easier to grow into larger tubers. Cut a single leaf on the mixed substrate of river sand and vermiculite. After 65,438+00 ~ 65,438+04 days, bulbous stems with roots can be formed at the base of leaves. After 2 ~ 3 months of cultivation, a small seedling can grow, but generally speaking, the seedling rate is not high. If the blade shaft or blades with blade shaft are used as cuttings, the substrate can be ordinary fine sand, or peat soil, perlite and river sand are mixed at the ratio of 3: 1: 1, and the cutting depth is1/3 ~12 of the ear length, and only leaves are left outside the substrate, and water is sprayed. When the cuttings form a certain root system, the middle part of the root gradually expands to form a small spherical tuber, and the tuber gradually increases. Some young cuttings will turn yellow and die after being put into the pot due to high temperature or poor water management, but the tubers can survive, and the mature leaves and cuttings with total petioles can also remain green and energetic. A small number of tubers can germinate and grow new leaves in the same year, but the growth potential is weak and slow. In the second year, the tubers will grow strong new buds and grow normally.

Cultivation management

temperature

The suitable temperature for growth is 20 ~ 32℃. Whether potted or planted underground, it is required that the annual average temperature change is small, and productive cultivation is best carried out in a greenhouse with controllable temperature. Every summer, when the temperature is higher than 35℃, plants grow poorly. We should cover them with a black net to shade them and spray water on the surrounding environment to cool them down, so as to create a suitable and dry environment for them. It is best to keep the greenhouse temperature above 10℃ in winter. If the room temperature is lower than 5℃, it will easily lead to plant chilling injury and seriously endanger its survival. In late autumn and early winter, when the temperature drops below 8℃, it should be moved to a well-lit room in time, and the temperature should be kept between 8℃ and 10℃ during the whole wintering period, which is safer and more reliable.

illuminate

Cash cow likes light and has strong tolerance to shade, so we should create a sunny but cool environment for it. Direct sunlight should be avoided, especially after a long rain in late spring and early summer. Bake in strong light for 5-6 hours around noon in summer, otherwise it will easily lead to burns of newly-picked leaves. In productive cultivation, it should be placed under a shade shed with a shade of 50-70% from late spring to Mid-Autumn Festival, but it should not be too dark, otherwise the newly picked leaves will be slender, yellow and the spacing between leaflets will be sparse, which will affect the compactness and aesthetics of the plants. In winter, the potted plants moved into the shed should be filled with light. The soil moisture in the basin is kept dry, and plants can be kept disease-free for many years. The newly extracted pinnate compound leaves did not show obvious phototaxis and the plant type was good.

moisture

In order to preserve potted money trees, we should try our best to create a humid and dry environment for them. In productive cultivation, plants placed in greenhouse should be sprayed with water once a day when the room temperature reaches above 33℃. Because plants are drought-tolerant, it is better to keep the soil slightly wet and dry, but occasionally watering too much water and fertilizer will not cause root rot. In winter, we should pay attention to spraying water on the blades and the surrounding environment, so that the relative humidity of the air can reach more than 50%. After the Mid-Autumn Festival, water should be reduced, or water should be sprayed instead, so as to help the newly picked young leaves to spend the winter safely. In addition, special attention should be paid to the pot soil in winter, which should not be too wet, and it is better to be dry. Otherwise, under the condition of low temperature, the pot soil is too wet, which is more likely to lead to root rot or even the death of the whole plant.

land

Because of the special climatic conditions of the origin of the money tree, it has formed a strong drought resistance, so the basic requirement for the cultivation substrate is good ventilation. The basic requirement of cultivation substrate is good permeability. Peat, coarse sand or washed cinder are mixed with a small amount of garden soil, and the PH value is adjusted to 6 ~ 6.5, which is slightly acidic. Because of its huge tuber, developed root system and long pinnate compound leaves, it is necessary to observe its growth in time during the growing season to decide whether to change pots and soil. Always maintain the permeability of the culture medium to create a good root environment for ventilation and water filtration. Check frequently in rainy season, and turn over the basin and change the soil in time when water is found in the basin.

fertilizer

Cash cows like fertilizer. In addition to adding a proper amount of baked cake fertilizer or multi-element slow-release compound fertilizer to the cultivation substrate, the mixed solution of 0.2% urea and 0. 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be applied 2-3 times a month during the growing season, or the balanced fertilization can be 20- 10-20(20-20-20). After the Mid-Autumn Festival, in order to make it overwinter safely, nitrogen fertilizer should be stopped and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution should be applied for 2 ~ 3 times continuously to promote the hardening and enrichment of young leaf shafts and newly-pumped leaves. When the temperature drops below 15℃, all forms of topdressing should be stopped to avoid fertilizer damage and root damage under low temperature.

Key points of prevention and control

frostbite

When the temperature drops below 5℃ in winter, the soil in the basin is wet, which is easy to cause the pinnate leaves of plants to fall off due to cold damage, and in severe cases, it will cause tuber rot and it is difficult to restore vitality. Prevention and control methods: whether it is productive cultivation, quasi-cultivation or family feeding, the greenhouse temperature should be kept not lower than 10℃ during the winter, and the basin soil should be kept in a slightly dry state. A few potted plants can be covered with double plastic bags at night on particularly cold days, and the bagging can be removed after the temperature rises the next day.

burn

In the hot summer, or the sunny weather after a long rain in Chu Qing, or the potted plants that have been kept indoors for a long time and just moved outdoors for restoration and maintenance are directly exposed to the sun, which is easy to cause their young leaves to be burned, leading to partial loss of green and whitening, or full leaf burns, and the necrotic parts turn brown and black in the later stage. Prevention and control methods: after entering summer, move the plants to a semi-cool environment in time. If it rains for a long time in late spring and early summer, you should listen to the weather forecast in time and shade the potted plants as soon as possible.

brown spot

The disease mostly occurs on leaves, and the lesion is nearly round, grayish brown to yellowish brown, and the edge color is slightly darker. The disease is easy to occur under the conditions of high temperature and humidity and poor ventilation. Prevention and control methods: If a small number of diseased leaves are found, they should be removed and destroyed in time. At the initial stage of the disease, 600-fold solution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder or 500-fold solution of 40% chlorothalonil suspension/kloc-0 was sprayed on the leaves every 10 day for 3 ~ 4 times continuously, and the control effect was good.

scale insect

In the environment with poor ventilation and poor light, the leaves of money tree are easily bitten by scale insects. Prevention and control methods: a small number of domestic feeding, can be used to stick the insect body with transparent tape or wipe off the live insect body with wet cloth. In productive cultivation, 20% chlorpyrifos wettable powder 1000 times can be sprayed at the peak of nymph hatching, which has good insecticidal effect.

6. Fuguizhu

Fuguizhu is a perennial evergreen herb with a plant height of 1.5~2.5 meters. If it is used as a commodity, the cultivation height is 80 ~ 100 cm. Most of them are cultivated in gardens with plump stems and leaves. Its varieties are green leaves, green leaves with white edges (called silver edges), green leaves with yellow edges (called Phnom Penh) and green leaves with silver hearts (called green leaves with silver hearts).

Evergreen subshrubs. Plant height 1m or more, with slender plants and upright branches. Rhizomes transverse, jointed. Leaves alternate or nearly opposite, papery, long lanceolate, with 3-7 main veins, short petiole and dark green. Umbellies have 3 ~ 10 peanuts in leaf axils or opposite upper leaves, perianth 6, corolla bell-shaped, purple. Berries near the ball, black. Fuguizhu is a perennial evergreen herb with a plant height of 1.5~2.5 meters. If it is used as a commodity or ornamental, the suitable cultivation height is 80~ 100 cm. Mostly cultivated in gardens, but also wild, with wet stems and leaves and dark green leaves. It is mainly used as an ornamental plant. Planting Phyllostachys pubescens has the advantages of high yield and high economic benefits. At present, the general market price can reach more than 300 ~ 5 yuan per plant, and1.8 ~ 25,000 plants can be planted per mu, and the annual output value per mu can reach 30 ~ 50,000 yuan. The cultivation of Phyllostachys pubescens begins in spring and can be harvested in the middle and late June, 65438+February. This variety has extensive management and can be cultivated in paddy fields and sloping fields with loose and fertile soil.

Fu Guizhu is thick and long with tall and straight stems, dark green leaves and evergreen in winter and summer. Whether it's planting a tray, cutting stems and inserting bottles, or processing it into "lucky bamboo" or "curved bamboo", it looks noble and elegant, with delicate stems and leaves, gentle and elegant posture, full of bamboo charm and high ornamental value. Fugui bamboo likes humidity and high temperature, and is resistant to shade, waterlogging, fertilizer and cold. I like a semi-shady environment. Suitable for growing in well-drained sandy soil or semi-muddy sand and alluvial clay. The suitable growth temperature is 20-28℃, which can withstand the low temperature of 2-3℃, but pay attention to frost prevention in winter. The season of high temperature and high humidity in summer and autumn is very beneficial to the growth of Fu Guizhu, which is the best period for its growth. It does not need strict illumination and is suitable for growing under bright scattered light. Excessive light and exposure can cause leaves to turn yellow, fade green and grow slowly. Therefore, when planting in the field, a shading net with the height of 1.7- 1.8 should be set, and the suitable shading rate is 75%, so as to create a semi-cloudy and semi-sunny environment with scattered light. Especially from April to September, it is necessary to avoid direct sunlight, exposure or excessive drought, otherwise the leaves will be rough, scorched and weak, and the leaves will lack luster, which will reduce the ornamental value. In the growing season, we should always keep the soil moist, spray water on the leaves and increase the humidity of the air; In case of heavy rain, the accumulated water in the field should be removed to prevent lodging. Pay attention to cold and antifreeze in winter. When the temperature is lower than 10℃, the leaves will turn yellow and wither. At this time, the soil should be dry, wet and wet, but it should not be dry or too wet. Reduce watering and stop fertilizing.

7.cinnabar root

Fukiko, also known as "Hundred taels of gold" and "Twelve taels of gold", belongs to Ardisia, an evergreen shrub. Fleshy root, flowering in early summer, spherical drupe, fruit diameter 8- 12mm, red fruit in early winter, bright red glow, fruiting period 10 months or more, and long fruiting time. Fukiko likes semi-cloudy environment and is hardy. The best viewing period spans New Year's Day, Spring Festival and Lantern Festival. It is an excellent fruit-viewing flower for people to celebrate festivals. Fukiko plants are beautiful and generous, with bright red fruits and numerous fruits, ranging from 200- 1000 per plant. The color and quality of the granules are consistent, which forms a strong contrast color with the green leaves and is bright and dazzling. A string of red fruits gives people a warm, warm and lovesick aesthetic feeling, adding a feeling of success, celebration, wealth and auspiciousness, full of happiness, nobility and strong ornamental value. Won 1-3 potted plant "third prize", "silver prize" and "best-selling product award" at the Cross-Strait Flower Expo.

Maintenance/curing

Fu Gui seed is an evergreen shrub, which likes warm and humid, semi-sunny and semi-cloudy environment. Its suitable temperature is 16℃ to 28℃, it can grow normally indoors at 5℃ to 8℃, and can tolerate the low temperature of -4℃ in winter. Most abundant seeds are propagated by cutting with new buds. Generally, the branches germinated in the previous year are cut in April-May, and the cutting length is 15cm-20cm. The incision was treated with rooting powder and the leaves were cut. Shading and moisturizing should be strengthened after cutting. It takes 40 to 50 days to take root. After 70 days, it will be transplanted into a pot for cultivation, and it will blossom and bear fruit in the next year. Generally, compound fertilizer is applied once a month, and more nitrogen fertilizer is applied to the above ground. Phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and commercial flower fertilizer should be supplemented in the flower and fruit period. When planting on the balcony, you should choose a place where there is no sunshine in the afternoon to ensure the beauty of the plants. In order to cultivate potted rich species with short and strong plants and high ornamental value, it is necessary to increase light or spray chlormequat to inhibit growth in early summer. On the premise of not affecting the appearance and appreciation of Fukiko, proper trimming and shaping can be carried out in April and May every year.

morphological character

Evergreen shrub, plant height 0.4- 1m, alternate leaves, thick and shiny, with blunt teeth on the edge, there are two varieties of red leaves and green leaves. Flowers and fruits in summer, white or pink flowers arranged in umbels; This fruit is spherical, about the size of a pea. When mature, it is bright red and crystal clear, surrounding the branches. The fruit of the previous year has not fallen off, and it will blossom and bear fruit in the next year. Therefore, the fruit can be enjoyed on a tree for 365 days, of which the red fruit period lasts for more than 9 months, covering New Year's Day, Spring Festival and the whole spring.