How to protect yourself in foggy weather?

Recently, the haze weather is very serious, and the visibility over the fog is very low. Citizens have been talking about the discoloration of PM2.5. A large number of extremely fine dust particles or smoke particles floating in the air are more likely to cause various respiratory diseases for infants with imperfect respiratory systems. In this issue, Bian Xiao will lead you to discuss the matters needing attention and common sense of prevention of children's care in winter smog weather.

First of all, what is smog? Haze is formed by fine smoke, dust or salt particles suspended in the atmosphere. Its formation is regional and is caused by the inversion layer in the near-surface layer of the atmosphere. This inversion layer covers the ground like a big hood, and the smoke under the hood can't spread out, so there is smog. Therefore, when smog appears, it is not conducive to the diffusion of atmospheric pollutants.

PM2.5 refers to particles with a diameter less than or equal to 2.5 microns in the atmosphere, also known as particles that can enter the lungs. Its diameter is less than 1/20 of the thickness of human hair. Although PM2.5 is only a small part of the composition of the earth's atmosphere, it has an important impact on air quality and visibility.

Recently, the haze weather is very serious, and the visibility over the fog is very low. Everyone talked about the color change of PM2.5. A large number of extremely fine dust particles or smoke particles floating in the air are more likely to cause various respiratory diseases for infants with imperfect respiratory systems. Because the smog weather continues, PM2.5 exceeds the standard, which is likely to cause different degrees of harm to the baby. For example, children's respiratory tract infection, lung cancer, children's rickets, baby's emotional instability and so on.

So, what are the specific hazards?

If the smog is inhaled by the baby from the respiratory tract, it will be deposited in the baby's alveoli, and the smog deposited in the alveoli will dissolve and enter the blood, which will damage the ability of hemoglobin to transport oxygen and easily cause blood poisoning. The sulfur dioxide contained in smog mainly stimulates the respiratory tract and is more harmful. When smog is severe, pollutants and impurities can cause central nervous system diseases. When babies inhale into the lungs, it can lead to emphysema and lung cancer in severe cases.

Since ultraviolet rays in sunlight are the only way for the human body to synthesize vitamin D, the weakening of ultraviolet radiation directly leads to the probability that the baby will suffer from rickets in children. In addition, ultraviolet light is the main weapon to kill atmospheric microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses in nature. Hazy weather leads to the weakening of ultraviolet rays in the surface layer, which is easy to enhance the activity of infectious bacteria in the air and increase infectious diseases.

Cloudy days will also affect the baby's mood, because the weather is cloudy all day, the sun is dim, and the pineal gland in the baby will secrete more pineal hormone, which makes the concentration of thyroxine and adrenaline relatively lower. Thyroxine and epinephrine are hormones that stimulate cells to work. Once reduced, the cells will be "lazy" and become extremely inactive, and the baby will appear listless.

Trick 1: in foggy days, try to reduce travel.

In foggy days, in principle, we should try to avoid traveling, especially babies, because their respiratory organs are not yet mature, so they are more vulnerable to smog. Especially in foggy days, for example, the index of PM2.5 has exceeded 300. Going out to play does more harm than good. Children with allergies or asthma should pay more attention.

Trick 2: If you go out for a walk, try to choose a time with relatively good visibility.

If you have to go out, you'd better choose a time with good visibility, when there will be relatively few particles in the air.

Trick 3: It is best for the baby to wear a cotton mask.

Although some studies have proved that N95 masks are significantly more resistant to PM2.5 than ordinary cotton masks, they are very airtight and will block the baby's mouth and nose, so it is easy to cause poor breathing. Babies can't express their discomfort yet. Once parents do not pay attention to the danger of suffocation, for safety reasons, it is recommended that babies under 6 years old wear cotton masks.

Trick 4: Choose windy time when opening the window.

When the wind is strong, open the window for ventilation, the air will at least flow, and there will be less particles left indoors. If it is foggy, it is best not to open the window.

Trick 5: Turn on the humidifier indoors.

Humidifier can increase the humidity in the air. After the humidity increases, the particulate matter in the air will easily fall to the ground instead of being suspended in the air, reducing the chances of family members and babies inhaling particulate matter.

Trick 6: If there is a baby with allergies or asthma at home, it is best to install an air purifier.

Infants with allergies or asthma are more sensitive to airborne particles. If family conditions permit, it is recommended to buy an air purifier, which can filter out some particles in the air and reduce the chance of baby allergy.

Trick 7: Rinse your mouth frequently

Haze can enter the respiratory tract of human body through nose, or enter the digestive tract of human body through mouth. Washing your baby with clean water often can wash away the smog particles in your mouth and avoid damage to the digestive tract.

If you go out in foggy weather, you'd better wear a mask to minimize the adverse effects of foggy weather on the human body. So how to choose a mask suitable for children? What should I pay attention to when using a mask?

Look at the texture and layers of commonly used masks, which are usually sewn by folding several layers of absorbent cotton and emery cloth. The mask with three layers of emery cloth can block 70% ~ 80% of bacteria, and the mask with six layers of emery cloth can almost block 100% of bacteria.

Don't choose delicate masks. Exquisite masks often have too much fiber and low cotton content, which is easy to generate static electricity and damage facial skin. In addition, the isolation gauze used in exquisite masks is only 3-5 layers, so it is difficult to effectively filter viruses and dust in the air.

The filtering function of the size selection mask focuses on the nose. You should choose masks of different sizes according to your baby's age. 8 ~ 10 cm adjustable mask is most suitable for baby.

Don't hang the mask directly on the child's ear. When wearing a mask, the lower two straps are tied behind the neck and the upper two straps are tied on the head. Never hang it on a child's ear. When wearing a mask, you should not expose your nose outside the mask, which will lose the function of protecting the respiratory barrier.

Mask cannot be used interchangeably inside and outside.

The mask can only be used on one side. Wearing a mask will accumulate a lot of dust and bacteria on the outer layer, while the inner layer will block the exhaled bacteria and saliva. Therefore, it is not suitable to use the mask alternately on both sides.

Protect the respiratory barrier.

cookery lessons

Auricularia auricula can clear lung-heat and benefit qi. Eating in autumn and winter can moisten and nourish. At the same time, the rich iron in auricularia auricula can improve blood circulation and help to resist the cold. The easiest way is to fry vegetables, meat or eggs with black fungus.

staple

Auricularia auricula can also be used to cook porridge, while adding some red dates and rock sugar. Sweet taste can arouse children's appetite more. At the same time, soybean milk is also a good thing to moisten lung dryness. You can cook porridge first, pour in soybean milk when the rice grains bloom, cook for about 10 minutes, and finally add some sugar.

dessert

The most common and easy to make is tremella and Sydney soup. Materials include tremella, pear, lily, lotus seeds, red dates, rock sugar and so on. For younger children, the red dates can be pitted, and then the food can be beaten into thin rice paste with a soymilk machine.

Li Xue Bai He Run Fei Tang

Materials: Sydney 1 Lily, Lycium barbarum 10 tablets. Practice: put the Sydney pieces and lilies into the pot, pour in clear water, boil over high fire, and skim off the floating foam on the noodle soup. Then cover the lid to reveal a small crack, turn to low heat, cook for 20 minutes, add the washed Lycium barbarum, and cook for another 2 minutes. Efficacy: Sydney produces fluid and moistens dryness, clearing away heat and resolving phlegm. Lily has the functions of clearing away heat and fire, moistening lung and calming nerves. Sydney and lily in the soup can be eaten, the baby can filter the juice and drink it, and the older baby can add a little rock sugar to eat.

Black fungus and red jujube porridge

Raw materials: 30g of auricularia auricula, 0/00g of japonica rice/kloc-,a certain amount of jujube, and a proper amount of rock sugar. Practice: soak the fungus in cold water for half a day, remove it and wash it, cook it into porridge with japonica rice and jujube, and add rock sugar for saccharification. If the baby eats it, the fungus can be chopped, and the jujube can be peeled and peeled, which is convenient for eating. Efficacy: Auricularia auricula has the functions of nourishing blood, stopping bleeding, moistening dryness and clearing lung. Its iron content is five times higher than that of pig liver, the highest animal food, and thirty times higher than that of spinach.

Tremella, lotus seed and lily sparerib soup

Ingredients: lotus seeds, tremella, lily and ribs. Practice: 1. Soak lotus seeds, tremella and lily in warm water and wash them; 2. Wash the ribs, add water to the casserole and boil, skim off the floating foam, add lotus seeds and tremella and turn to low heat for 90 minutes. Efficacy: Lotus seeds have a good calming and sleeping effect; Lily helps to recover from neurasthenia and physical weakness after illness, especially for bronchitis. Tremella fuciformis has the function of yin beauty, and it can improve human immunity if eaten regularly.

Pork blood spinach soup

Ingredients: 3 spinach, pig blood 100g, onion 10g, salt and sesame oil. Practice: 1. Set the pot on fire, add appropriate amount of sesame oil, stir fry chives, add appropriate amount of boiling water, and bring to a boil. 2. Put the pig's blood into the pot, boil until the water boils again, add spinach and salt, and remove from the fire. (Spinach can be boiled with boiling water in advance) Efficacy: it can replenish blood and improve eyesight, moisten dryness and clear lung, especially beneficial to supplement iron content in the body. In addition, pig blood spinach soup can also effectively relieve constipation.

I hope the above can help the mothers ~