Sichuan Nanjiang antelope breeding technology daquan

I. Selection of breeding sheep The selection of breeding sheep is a key link in the development of breeding and sheep production, which is directly related to the quality of sheep. Therefore, the selection criteria for breeding rams should be strict.

Sheep with good mental state, strong physique, pure coat color, bright color, good fat, pure breed and good production performance should be selected as breeding sheep. Sheep in epidemic areas, crossbred sheep and sheep with serious physiological defects or serious genetic diseases cannot be used as breeding sheep. Please invite experienced professional and technical personnel to participate in seed selection.

In order to achieve the goal of high quality and high yield, any breeding ewe used for seed expansion and renewal should meet the following conditions: the selected breeding ewe comes from the offspring of a high-fertility ewe matched with a high-quality breeding ram and grows well (8- 10 months old, weighing 25 kg); Tall (adult body is more than 65cm); The hindquarters are very developed (the cross and tail are very wide); The vulva develops symmetrically, and the apex of the vulva is slightly downward; The breasts are barrel-shaped and soft.

Second, the feeding mode 1. Grazing and supplementary feeding

In order to organically combine the development of sheep production with the protection of ecological environment, under the condition of abundant grassland resources, moderate grazing and supplementary feeding at night were adopted to achieve the win-win goal of increasing sheep income and protecting ecology. Because Nanjiang antelope has a large food intake and a wide range of food intake, many shrubs, young leaves of branches, weeds and agricultural and sideline straws like to eat. In summer and autumn, due to the rich nutrition of pasture, grazing can reach more than 10 hour a day, and it can meet its own nutritional needs without feeding. Therefore, grazing and supplementary feeding should be the main ways in areas with rich grassland.

2. Half-house feeding and half-grazing

Suitable for hilly and flat agricultural areas, where there are only scattered fields and grasslands, small grazing areas in front of and behind houses and flower planting areas between farmland, grazing can be restricted. However, the feed intake of sheep in this way is far from meeting its nutritional needs. Feed should be scientifically allocated and supplemented according to the actual situation to ensure the normal growth and development of sheep.

3. Whole house feeding

Although Nanjiang antelopes like all goats like to move, eat grass and climb, it is still a good method to build pens, solve the source of forage and raise them in whole houses according to their living habits and biological characteristics. This method is mainly suitable for sheep in grain-producing areas and densely populated agricultural areas to feed grass leaves, straws and other agricultural and sideline products all year round, and then add some concentrate or mixed feed.

Three, feeding management technology 1, breeding sheep feeding management

Breeding sheep are equipped with 5% of the number of ewes that can breed, and are kept and managed in non-breeding and breeding periods.

① Non-mating period: adopt the feeding mode of "grazing mainly, supplemented by supplementary feeding" to maintain moderate physical condition; In the feed diet, the level of energy and protein should not be too high, so as not to cause obesity and affect the sexual desire and semen quality of breeding rams; At the same time, strengthen exercise, strictly separate feeding management, and prohibit mixed feeding with ewes.

② Breeding period: adopting the breeding mode of "half circle and half grazing". In the first half of breeding, it is necessary to improve the supplementary feeding amount and nutritional level, especially the balanced supply of protein, vitamins and calcium and phosphorus, so that the breeding ram can have a good physical state. Before breeding, rams should supplement one egg every day every week to improve the semen quality of breeding rams. After 3 days of culture, stop culture 1 day, and circulate. Excessive reproduction is strictly prohibited.

2. Breeding management of breeding sheep

The scale of farmers' sheep is about 20, and the breeding management of breeding sheep is divided into stages, pregnancy and lactation.

① Breeding period: in the first half of the breeding period and the breeding period, the hybrid ewes are supplemented with grass 100g every day, and the young and thin ewes are supplemented separately to make the ewes reach normal estrus, ovulation and breeding conditions; For ewes with insufficient estrus, experimental rams can be put into ewes every morning for identification and estrus induction; Inject three hormones into empty pregnant ewes that are not in estrus for 3-5 weeks to induce estrus, and breed after three weeks; Breeding usually ends in 8- 10 weeks, which is beneficial to centralized lambing and lambing.

(2) Pregnancy: ewes should be supplemented before and after pregnancy, so as to provide ewes with nutrition for rapid fetal development in pregnancy and later period. Especially in the late pregnancy, it is necessary to carefully feed, increase the amount of supplementary feeding, and graze the flat and high-quality grassland; It is forbidden to use feed contaminated by pesticides or moldy. Please note that at this stage, it is not appropriate to deworm, and at the same time, it is necessary to prevent squeezing, pressure and shock, so as not to cause miscarriage and premature birth of ewes.

(3) Lactation and farrowing: After the ewe gives birth, feed (such as soybean) and high-quality fresh grass (or juicy material) are added to the supplementary diet to make the ewe secrete enough milk for the lamb. At the same time, increasing the dosage of concentrate can make the ewe recover quickly, and the ewe can be put into breeding after it recovers to 1 month, which can shorten the interval between ewe delivery and breeding and improve the reproductive ability of ewe.

3. Feeding and management of lambs

Lamb feeding management should control newborn, weaning transition and overwintering in spring, implement the "four early" measures, strengthen lamb breeding and ensure survival.

① Lamb newborn pass: dry the mouth, nose and whole body mucus immediately after the lamb is born, ensure to eat colostrum within 12 hours, eat enough colostrum four times a day for three consecutive days, give artificial assistance to ewes who love lamb weakly, and take oxytetracycline 0.25g orally once a day to prevent lamb dysentery; Inject "three or four seedlings" at the age of one week and start to lure the nearby high-quality grassland; After two weeks, grazing with ewes began, and supplementary feeding was made in the morning and evening until 8- 10 weeks old.

② Measures for raising lambs in the morning: exercise. After 3 days of age, lambs began to move freely outdoors and absorb sunlight; Grazing training of 2-week-old ewes. Early exercise of lambs can enhance the resistance to external stimuli; Feed early. 1 week, put in tender feed and a small amount of fried soybeans to induce feeding.

Iv. Nanjiang antelope breeding point 1 in Sichuan, scientific fence.

The railing is built on a slope, facing south. Generally, the height between the bottom of the railing and the ground is1-1.5m. The bottom of the railing is paved with bamboo strips or wooden strips into a smooth plane with hairless spikes on it, and the spacing is1-1.5cm. The area of each railing is 15-20m.

2. Feeding density

Antelopes in southern Xinjiang have a large physique, which is generally suitable for each square meter/kloc-0 lamb, and 3-4 lambs can be raised per square meter.

Step 3 stick to grazing

The grazing time is usually after 9: 00 am, and you can choose to graze at noon when the weather is warm in winter. Adhere to regular grazing, regular grazing. Choose those grasslands with abundant grazing (wild grass) and facing the sun to implement rotation in a planned way, generally every 1 week 1 place. Before grazing, each grassland should be closed for half a month, which is beneficial to the growth of grazing (wild grass) on the one hand and the control of pathogenic bacteria on the other.

Step 4 feed properly

In the ewe breeding season and the ram breeding peak, it is necessary to supplement concentrate properly, and the sheep should be fattened in two months before slaughter. Generally, 50 grams of soybean and 250 grams of wheat bran are enough for each sheep every day to ensure its nutritional needs for growth and reproduction.

5, timely breeding

Nanjiang antelope can be bred and conceived at the age of 4 months. Therefore, we should pay attention to the activities of each flock at ordinary times. If we find ewes in estrus, we should optimize breeding or artificial insemination in time, wean lambs in time to promote ewes in estrus, and if necessary, we can use drugs such as triple hormone and chorionic gonadotropin for artificial estrus breeding to improve the reproductive ability of ewes.

6, epidemic prevention and disinfection

Each adult sheep is injected with 3-5 ml of inactivated vaccine of "Disease No.5" in muscle, and then immunized again at 1 3-4 weeks after immunization, and then injected at 1 time every six months. Usually use 0.5% caustic soda solution or 15%-20% raw lime milk to disinfect pens, venues, utensils and disinfection pools regularly, usually twice a week 1-2 times. Sheep should be kept away from people, especially sheep farmers, and visitors must be strictly disinfected. Shepherds should not go to epidemic areas, let alone graze in epidemic areas.

7, disease countermeasures

① Nematodes (pulmonary filariasis, ascaris, etc.). ) can be controlled by the series of high-efficiency and low-toxicity anthelmintics produced by Beijing Beinong Heng Lv Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., and the general dose is 0.3-0.4 mg per kilogram of body weight. After one dose, 1 week, and then 1 time to consolidate the curative effect.

(2) ectoparasites (mites) are also controlled with bugexin, and the general dose is 0.3-0.4 mg per kilogram of body weight. After one dose 1 week, and then 1 time.

③ Fasciola hepatica (mainly Fasciola hepatica and Diptera) is very effective in killing Fasciola hepatica or albendazole. The general dose is 0. 1-0.5 mg per kg body weight, which is safe and effective.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Analysis on the present situation and prospect of Tibetan antelope breeding in Nanjiang, Sichuan. How many Tibetan antelopes are left in Nanjiang County, once known as a million Tibetan antelopes? On this issue, the figures given by officials from different departments of Nanjiang county government vary greatly. In this regard, Liao Zhe, general manager of Sichuan Beimu Nanjiang Antelope Group Co., Ltd., has an "optimistic" estimate: "In recent years, due to the impact of migrant workers, the number of sheep has dropped sharply, and now the stock is about 6.5438+0.5 million."

It is understood that the Golden Village in Nanjiang Town was once a demonstration base for raising sheep by the county party committee and county government. Some farmers say that there are no sheep in the whole golden village now, and some sheepfolds have now become pig farms.

After the country invested tens of millions of funds for 10 years, Nanjiang, which plans to produce10,000,000 antelopes a year, has rarely seen antelopes now. There are abandoned sheepfolds, barren expansion bases, disgruntled farmers and heavy debts of banks everywhere. At that time, the ambitious "project of benefiting farmers" of the local government evolved into the pain of Nanjiang today.

In this regard, some local farmers said that the main reason for this situation was a goat pox disease that swept the southern Xinjiang antelope in 2004, which caused a devastating blow to the southern Xinjiang antelope. Many farmers suffered serious losses and gradually withdrew.

In addition, there are ① low efficiency of antelope breeding in southern Sichuan, so it is better to go out to work, and the number of farmers is reduced. (2) Insufficient funds and unstable scientific research team. (3) The leading power is insufficient, and the development stamina is not strong.

However, because the Party committee and government attach great importance to the development of Nanjiang antelope industry and the national policy focuses on characteristic industries, the price of mutton has continued to rise in recent years, which has greatly stimulated the enthusiasm of sheep farmers. At present, some successful foreign entrepreneurs have returned to their hometowns one after another to develop family pastures of moderate scale and promote the large-scale breeding of antelopes in southern Xinjiang. The breeding prospect of Nanjiang yellow sheep in Sichuan is considerable.