Please introduce the customs of Yunnan

Geographic location of Yunnan

Yunnan Province is located in the southwest border of China, with the Tropic of Cancer running through the southern part of the province.

Yunnan is adjacent to Guizhou Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in the east, Sichuan Province in the north, Tibet Autonomous Region in the northwest, Myanmar in the west, and Laos and Vietnam in the south. From the overall location, Yunnan is bounded by the vast Asian continent to the north and the vast Indian and Pacific Oceans to the south. The total length of the border between Yunnan Province and neighboring countries is 4,060 kilometers, of which the China-Myanmar section is 1,997 kilometers, the China-Laos section is 710 kilometers, and the China-Vietnam section is 1,353 kilometers.

Climate Characteristics of Yunnan Province

Yunnan is located on a low-latitude plateau. Due to the influence of atmospheric circulation, the dry continental monsoon controls the winter and the humid ocean monsoon prevails in the summer. It is a low-latitude mountain plateau. Monsoon climate.

The province has rich and diverse climate types, including seven climate types: northern tropical zone, southern subtropical zone, central subtropical zone, northern subtropical zone, southern temperate zone, mid-temperate zone and plateau climate zone. Yunnan's climate has the characteristics of low-latitude climate, monsoon climate, and mountain climate.

The main manifestations are:

First, the regional differences and vertical changes in climate are very obvious;

Second, the annual temperature difference is small and the daily temperature difference is large

Third, precipitation is abundant, with distinct dry and wet conditions and uneven distribution.

In our country, the name of each province has a unique historical and geographical origin. Although the name Yunnan appeared early, starting in the Western Han Dynasty, it was the earliest provincial name in the country. However, it was originally a county name, and later a county name. The Central Dynasty of the Tang Dynasty named Nanzhao King "King of Yunnan", and "Yunnan" The word became the name of a larger region. After the Yunnan Province was officially established in the Yuan Dynasty, it officially became the name of a provincial-level administrative region.

In the second year of Emperor Yuanfeng's reign (109 BC), the Han Dynasty established Yunnan County in today's Xiangyun Yunnan Station, which belonged to Yizhou County. The name of the county has two origins: one is named after the mountain, that is, there is Yunshan Mountain a hundred miles northwest of the county, which is connected to the clouds all day long, and the county is to the south, so it is named Yunnan; the other is named after the auspicious omen. Legend has it that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty dreamed that auspicious colorful clouds appeared in Baiyan (now Midu Hongyan), and the county was located to the south, so it was named Yunnan.

In the third year of Jianxing of the Shu Han Dynasty (225 years), Zhuge Liang marched to the south in three directions, "killed Gaoding, surrendered to Menghuo, and joined forces in Dianchi". Yizhou County was changed to Jianning County, and then Xiangyun County was established. , the administrative seat of Yunnan County (today's Xiangyun Yunnanyi), centered on the present-day Xiangyun area, governed Qingling (today's Dayao), Nongdong (today's Yao'an), Xielong (today's Weishan), and Yeyu (today's Dali) , Suijiu (now Lijiang), Gufu (now Yongsheng). During the Western Jin Dynasty, Yongning (now Ninglang) and Yunping (now Binchuan) counties were merged. For 300 years, Yunnan County has been the political, economic and cultural center of western Yunnan.

In 937, Nanzhao fell, and Duan Siping established the Dali Kingdom and established Yunnan Mei and Pindian Mei. In the 11th year of Yuan Dynasty (1274), Yunnan Province was established, and Yunnan was renamed Yunnan Prefecture, which belonged to Dali Road. In the fifteenth year of Hongwu's reign in the Ming Dynasty (1382), Yunnan Prefecture was reduced to Yunnan County. In the area of ??today's Xiangyun Midian, 12 Guanzhang Guansi, the chieftain of the world, was established under the jurisdiction of Dali Prefecture. In 1914, because the name of Yunnan County overlapped with the name of Yunnan Province, the name of Yunnan County was changed to "Xiangyun", which means "the colorful Yunnan appears, people think it is auspicious".

Although it has been 80 years since the name was changed from "Yunnan" to "Xiangyun", people still call Xiangyun "Little Yunnan" to distinguish it from "Big Yunnan" as Yunnan Province. Historians have good reason to call today's Xiangyun area "ancient Yunnan". This is not only because from 109 BC to 1914, this land has been called Yunnan for more than 2,000 years, but also, the world-famous wooden coffin and copper coffin unearthed in Dabo, Xiangyun in 1964 shows that as early as the Warring States Period, here The people lived a settled life, used copperware, and their smelting and casting skills had reached a very advanced level. From 1976 to 1980, more than 200 relics from the early Western Han Dynasty dating back more than 2,100 years were unearthed in Hedian, 23 kilometers away from the county seat, such as bronze axes, spears, 酒雳 statues, hoes, and chicken-shaped staff heads, providing information for the study of ancient Yunnan history. important physical information. In 1961, archaeologists also unearthed stone knives and stone axes used by ancient humans in the Neolithic period from the Qinghua Ancient Cave 3 kilometers away from Xiangyun County. This further proves that primitive agriculture and animal husbandry existed here more than 7,000 years ago, and our ancestors used polished stone tools as production tools and living utensils here.

The Neolithic cultural sites discovered so far in Yunnan are concentrated in Kunming, Jinning, Anning, Lufeng and other places around Dianchi Lake, and are more widely concentrated in Xiangyun, Midu, Binchuan, Dayao, Dali, Eryuan, Jianchuan, Yongsheng, Ninglang and other areas within or adjacent to Yunnan County in history (historians correspond to the "Dianchi Lake area" and call it the "Erhai Lake area"). This shows that the historical Yunnan counties and Yunnan counties played an important role in the history of Yunnan.

From 109 BC when Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty established Yunnan County to 1382 when Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty surrendered Yunnan Prefecture to Yunnan County in 1491, the politics and politics of what historians call "ancient Yunnan" and what the folk call "Little Yunnan" happened. The economic and cultural center has always been Yunnanyi, 15 kilometers away from Xiangyun City. Today's Xiangyun City was formerly known as Yunnan City. "Man Shu" records: "Today's Yunnan City is Pindian, that is, Pindan; it is also called Danmei, Bozhou, and Bodayi, all of which are the same place." In 937, Duan Siping, the leader of the Dali Kingdom, established Pindian Mei, but Yunnan Mei, which coexists with the same "class", is still centered on today's Yunnanyi.

Looking at the development history of Xiangyun Yunnanyi, we can find such an interesting phenomenon: in its more than 2,000 years of history, its political and economic status has been declining, but its name has become more and more popular. The more it was valued, the more inclusive it became, and it eventually developed into the name of a provincial administrative region. This development process and evolution phenomenon can be said to be unique among all provincial administrative regions in China.

Because Yunnan is located in a low latitude and high altitude area, it is affected by both latitude position and vertical height difference, and has various climate types. The south is a valley basin formed by the tropical monsoon zone, and the east is described as "a thousand purples and reds forever". The climate is warm in winter and cool in summer. Yunnan is also the province with the largest number of ethnic minorities in China. In addition to the Han people, there are also 25 other ethnic groups including the Yi, Bai, Zhuang, Dai, Naxi, Tibetan and Yao people, accounting for nearly one-third of the province's total population. It is precisely because of its unique geographical features, special climate conditions, colorful ethnic customs, and peculiar customs that it has produced many strange phenomena that are different from other places. After leaving short footprints on the land and leaving, the strange and interesting things they heard and witnessed gradually spread, and were often given the word "weird". Therefore, "Eighteen Yunnan Weird" and "Twenty Yunnan Weird" were passed down. "Eight Monsters", "Eighty-one Monsters of Yunnan" and other sayings.

The No. 1 Weird in Yunnan:

Eggs are sold on skewers with straw: the eggs purchased by the villagers are made easier for buyers to carry. , and will not be damaged, we use bamboo shoots or wheat straw to stick to the eggshells, separate each one, and make a string of ten, which can be hung on the wall. You can eat a few when you want to eat. < /p>

The second weird thing in Yunnan:

Taking off a bamboo hat to use as a pot lid: There are many bamboo forests in Yunnan, so many utensils are made of bamboo, and the pot lid is similar to the bamboo hat in the mainland, but The top is slightly smaller, which is easier to hold, and it is used as a pot lid, which is breathable and heat-insulating, and the cooked rice is more fragrant.

The third strange thing in Yunnan:

Three mosquitoes per plate. Vegetables: In many areas of Yunnan, the weather is relatively hot, and mosquitoes and flies are constant all year round. Especially the mosquitoes in the fields and livestock pens are relatively large, so it is an exaggeration to say that three mosquitoes can serve a plate of vegetables.

Yunnan’s No. 1 dish. Four strange things:

The fire pipe can be used as a hookah: the pipe used by the locals to smoke is very similar to the fire pipe in the mainland, except that the fire pipe blows out, while it sucks in, and the smoke is filtered by water. The concentration of tar is reduced, and the taste is cooler and more mellow.

The fifth strange thing about Yunnan:

Tsampa is called bait: the rice produced in Yunnan is very fragrant and glutinous. The rice is steamed and pounded. After beating, it is kneaded into a long semi-finished product, which can be fried, boiled or steamed. The color is as white as snow, like the white rice cakes made in the mainland, and is locally called bait cake.

The sixth strange thing in Yunnan:

Dating with a baby on your back: Ethnic minorities are looking forward to having a baby, and the daughter-in-law will return home a few days after the wedding. Once she has the baby, she will go back to her husband's house to meet her husband and start a real relationship.

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The seventh strange thing about Yunnan:

Wear the same clothes for all four seasons: The climate in Yunnan is changeable, not hot in summer and not cold in winter. The temperature difference between day and night is large, which can be said to be a hot and cold transient. , four seasons clothing can be seen everywhere on the street, long, short, thick, thin, bright and colorful

The eighth strange thing in Yunnan:

Grasshoppers can do it. Dishes to go with drinks: People in many areas of Yunnan have a hobby of eating insects, turning pests into delicacies and insects into delicacies. Therefore, grasshoppers, locusts, etc. become delicious snacks to go with drinks because they are crispy and fragrant after being fried. .

The ninth weird thing in Yunnan:

Girls are called old ladies: In some areas of Yunnan, the accents are indistinguishable from the mother-in-law. Old lady, so you asked the girl and she said old lady, which is what mainlanders call aunt.

The tenth strange person in Yunnan:

Monks can fall in love: Yunnan and. Several countries that believe in Buddhism share borders, and men from Buddhist countries go to temples to become monks, just like going to school or serving in the military in the mainland. They can also return to secular life, get married and have children. Influenced by this, border residents also wear monk uniforms and fall in love.

The eleventh strange thing in Yunnan:

Old ladies can climb mountains faster than monkeys: Yunnan has many high mountains and deep valleys, and the local women have been extremely hard-working from childhood to old age, climbing mountains and ridges, farming and chopping. Chai Du took it for granted, so he developed a strong body and strong legs. An old man in his seventies or eighties often feels like walking on flat ground when climbing mountains.

The twelfth strange thing in Yunnan:

Patching a patch on the back of new shoes: Women from ethnic minorities use cloth to make shoe drags on the back of their embroidered shoes, which are carefully embellished with embroidery. It is both beautiful and has practical value in keeping away dust and mud.

Yunnan’s Thirteenth Weird:

Cars are faster than trains: Because there are many mountains and canyons, the railways in Yunnan have large gradients and many curves, making the train The speed is extremely slow, creating a unique landscape where trains are not as fast as cars.

The fourteenth strange thing about Yunnan:

Toes are always outside: Yunnan is full of mountains and ridges, making walking inconvenient. If you climb mountains and run a lot, your feet will sweat more, so I did this Wear shoes with shallow tops and expose your toes to feel cooler.

The fifteenth strange thing in Yunnan:

All the dolls are taken care of by men: Women in Yunnan have always been hard-working, so they do a lot of outside work, while men are relatively But they are relatively leisurely, and most of them stay at home and take care of their children.

The 16th strange thing in Yunnan:

Counting peanuts and broad beans for sale: In the old days, the folk customs in Yunnan Province were pure and kind. They liked to barter and were ashamed of commodity trading, so peanuts and broad beans and other items They are all sold in piles, and people's hearts are like a scale.

The seventeenth strange thing about Yunnan:

It rains here and scorches there: This sentence is used to describe the special geographical location of Yunnan and the changeable climate with different weather conditions ten miles away. There will be different weather conditions just ten miles apart, and the same mountain has sunny days on one side and pouring rain on the other.

The Eighteenth Monster of Yunnan:

Four Bamboo Rats in a Sack: There are many bamboo forests in the mountainous area, with lush bamboo shoots. Rats that eat bamboo shoots are mostly plump, and their appearance is very different from that of house rats.

Treating guests with such delicacies is better than chickens and geese