Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Weather forecast - Where do various weather phenomena such as wind, rain, thunder and electricity mainly occur in the atmosphere?

Where do various weather phenomena such as wind, rain, thunder and electricity mainly occur in the atmosphere?

Weather phenomena such as wind, rain, thunder and lightning are located in the troposphere in the atmosphere. The troposphere is the layer of the earth's atmosphere near the ground. At the same time, it is also the densest layer in the earth's atmosphere, containing about 75% of the mass of the whole atmosphere and almost all the water vapor and aerosol.

Weather phenomena such as wind, rain, thunder and lightning are located in the troposphere in the atmosphere. The troposphere extends from the earth's surface to the top of the troposphere, the beginning of the stratosphere. At high latitudes, the friction of the surface will affect the airflow, forming a planetary boundary layer with an average thickness of 2 kilometers. The formation of this layer mainly depends on the topography, and it will also be separated from the rest of the troposphere by the countercurrent layer.

In the troposphere, because the direct source of its main heat is ground radiation, the temperature decreases with height. The troposphere temperature in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is obviously higher than that in other areas at the same height, because it improves the position of ground radiation.

The closer the troposphere is to the ground, the higher the temperature, and the farther it is from the ground, the lower the temperature. The air near the ground rises and cools gradually, forming convection. Convection is an important condition for precipitation, and the plane is mainly in the stratosphere, where the airflow is stable.

In the troposphere, the temperature decreases with the elevation, with an average increase of 100 m, and the troposphere temperature decreases by about 0.65℃. The reason why the temperature decreases with the increase of altitude is that the main heat source of troposphere atmosphere is ground long-wave radiation. The higher off the ground, the less heated and the lower the temperature.

In the troposphere, according to the distribution characteristics of airflow and weather phenomena, it can be divided into low layer, middle layer and high layer.