Pay attention to the high incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in autumn

The main reason is: cold will make the blood vessels of the human body contract, and at the same time sweat will be significantly reduced, leading to an increase in blood vessel filling and an increase in blood pressure. However, the temperature changes greatly, which easily leads to the increase of blood pressure fluctuation, and there may be a sudden rise and fall of blood pressure. A sudden increase in blood pressure is likely to increase the burden on the heart and brain, leading to angina pectoris, heart failure and cerebral hemorrhage. However, a sudden drop is likely to lead to myocardial ischemia and cerebral blood supply insufficiency. At the same time, in order to resist the cold, food intake will increase, and when the weather is cold, people's outdoor activities will be significantly reduced, so that people will easily gain weight, have less activities, and the speed of blood circulation in the body will slow down accordingly. In addition, the reduction of drinking water will eventually lead to the reduction of blood perfusion, blood viscosity and congestion, so cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are prone to occur. It is easy to catch a cold and have a fever, and it will also increase the heart load, leading to the occurrence and aggravation of angina pectoris and heart failure.

For the elderly, especially those with a history of hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease, special attention should be paid to:

First, you can actively control your weight through a reasonable diet and proper exercise. First of all, we should pay attention to diet, and those with related diseases are low in salt and fat, and diabetic diet. Diet should be light, increase fiber diet, eat more coarse grains, dried beans, vegetables, fruits and so on. And try to reduce the intake of high fat and cholesterol such as animal viscera and egg yolk, and at the same time, the diet should not be too full, especially for people who have less dinner and activities. Secondly, we should take part in proper physical exercise and do what we can according to our physical condition. Proper physical activity helps to improve blood circulation, enhance resistance to prevent colds, improve human hypoxia tolerance, and better prevent and treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Pay attention to keep warm when going out in cold weather, especially those who have the habit of getting up early and doing morning exercises, and try to avoid the sudden cooling and heating of the environment, causing disease attacks.

Second, if you have cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, you should take medicine on time, and monitor your blood pressure, blood sugar, heart rate and autonomic nervous symptoms. If you have symptoms, you should seek medical advice in time.

Friendly reminder: Although there will be no more cases of COVID-19, the epidemic management should be normalized, people should be avoided when going out for exercise, and protective equipment should be worn in crowded places; When you go out, change clothes according to the weather. For patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, you should bring first-aid medicine when you go out. If you have palpitation, shortness of breath, dyspnea, chest pain, dizziness and confusion during exercise, you need to see a doctor as soon as possible to avoid delaying your illness.

Liu Zhaojun, Director of the Second Department of Cardiology, Fifth People's Hospital of Shenyang, Chief Physician. Member of the Standing Committee of China Heart Union Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Society Liaoning Branch, Director of Cardiovascular Medicine Committee of Liaoning Cell Biology Society, Director of Atherosclerosis Group, and member of Shenyang Health Education Expert Lecturer Group. Engaged in work for more than 20 years, has accumulated rich clinical experience in rescuing patients with hypertension, coronary heart disease, arrhythmia, heart failure and critical cardiovascular diseases, and is good at diagnosis and interventional therapy of coronary heart disease.