Translation of 110 Chapters of Journey to the West in Classical Chinese

1. Summary of Chapters 1 to 10 of Journey to the West

●In the first chapter, the source of spiritual root cultivation flows out of the heart and practice the great path to be born

Dongsheng Shenzhouao There is a mountain of flowers and fruits in the sea of ????the country I came from. A fairy stone on the mountain gave birth to a stone monkey. The stone monkey found a stone cave called "Water Curtain Cave" at the source of the stream where he lived, and was hailed as the king by the monkeys. Three to five hundred years later, the stone monkey suddenly cried sadly because life was unpredictable and he would not live long. According to the instructions of an old monkey, Stone Monkey traveled from Nanfanxunzhou to Xiniuhezhou, went up Lingtai Fangcun Mountain, entered Xieyue Sanxing Cave, paid homage to the Patriarch Subhuti, and was accepted as his disciple, named Sun Wukong.

●The second chapter realizes the true and wonderful principles of Bodhi, severes demons and returns to the original soul.

Wukong learns the way of immortality, the seventy-two transformations and the "somersault cloud" from his ancestors. . One day, Wukong was instigated by others and turned into a pine tree, which made the ancestor unhappy and was expelled from the cave. Return to Huaguo Mountain, fight with the demons of Zhanshan Mountain and win, and bring back the captive monkeys and items.

●The third chapter: Thousands of mountains all over the world are crouching in the Nine Netherworld, and all ten categories are eliminated

Wukong uses the photography method to move the weapons from the Aolai treasury. In the mountains, a group of monkeys perform exercises. The monsters and beasts in the mountain worshiped Wukong one after another. Wukong asked the Dragon King for a Ruyi golden cudgel weighing 13,500 kilograms. Cross off the name of the monkey in the book of life and death in the underworld. The Dragon King and the King of Hell asked the Jade Emperor to subjugate the monster monkey. The Jade Emperor sent Taibai Jinxing to Mount Huaguo to recruit Wukong.

●In the fourth episode, the official title of Bi Ma Xin is not enough to note that Qi Tianyi is still uneasy

Wukong was awarded the official title of "Bi Ma Wen", and he learned that this official was the last Wait for the post and return to Huaguoshan. The Jade Emperor ordered King Li Tianwang and his son Prince Nezha to capture Wukong. Defeated by Goku. Venus summons Wukong again. The Jade Emperor ordered the Qitian Palace to be built for Wukong to live in.

●Chapter 5: The Great Sage of Pan Peach steals the elixir and opposes the gods of the Heavenly Palace to catch monsters

Wukong manages the Peach Garden and eats all the big peaches in the garden. Then he went to Yaochi, drank all the immortal wine, and ate all the golden elixirs in Taishang Laojun's gourd. Escape back to Huaguo Mountain. The Jade Emperor ordered King Tota to lead his heavenly soldiers to capture Wukong. Wukong fought off the gods.

●Chapter 6: Guanyin went to the meeting to ask why, and the little sage used his power to surrender to the great sage

Mucha, a disciple of Guanyin in the South China Sea, helped the king of heaven, but was defeated. Guanyin also recommended Erlang Shen. Erlangshen fought with Wukong. Taishang Laojun was watching the battle in the sky, dropped the diamond sleeve and hit Wukong. The gods escorted him back to the upper world. The Jade Emperor issued a decree to execute him.

●Chapter 7: Escape from the Bagua Furnace and the Calming Monkey under the Five Elements Mountain of the Great Sage

Taishang Laojun put Wukong into the alchemy furnace to be refined. Forty-nine days later, Wukong came out. Making havoc in heaven. The Jade Emperor invited Tathagata Buddha. Sun Wukong somersaulted all the way and couldn't jump out of the Buddha's palm. Tathagata turned his five fingers into mountains to suppress Wukong. He ordered the Earth God to feed Wukong with iron pills and copper juice.

●Chapter 8: My Buddha created a sutra and preached bliss. Avalokitesvara went to Chang'an on an edict.

Five hundred years later, the Tathagata Buddha wanted to find a follower to learn sutras so that the Dharma could be spread to the east forever. Avalokitesvara led the wooden chak to ride on the clouds, carrying a cassock, a tin staff and three hoops of gold, tight and forbidden. Along the way, they subdue Sha Wujing, Zhu Wuneng and Xiao Bailong; persuade Sun Wukong and let them protect the Buddhist scripture collector.

●Appendix Chen Guangrui encountered disaster when he took office, Jiangliu Monk took revenge

Chen Guangrui was delighted to win the top prize, was recruited as the son-in-law of the prime minister, and was appointed as the head of Jiangzhou. On the way to take office, he was killed by boatman Liu Hong and his wife was robbed. Liu Hong assumed the post as a bailiff. Chen was rescued by the Dragon King and taken into the Dragon Palace. His wife gave birth to a son and threw him into the river. He was rescued by the elders of Jinshan Temple; he was named Jiangliu and later Xuanzang. The elders told him about his life experience. Xuanzang found his mother. Then he went straight to the capital to complain to his grandfather. Liu Hong was sentenced to death. Chen Guangrui returned to Yang. Xuanzang entered Hongfu Temple to continue his spiritual practice.

●Chapter 9: Yuan Shoucheng's clever calculation and selfless song. The old Dragon King's clumsy plan violates the rules of heaven.

In order to make Yuan Shoucheng's prediction fail, the Dragon King of Jinghe secretly changed the rainfall into Chen and the amount of rainfall. He also destroyed Yuan Shoucheng's Gua Shop based on his inaccurate possession. Yuan Shoucheng asserted that the Dragon King would be executed by Tang Prime Minister Wei Zheng for violating the decree. And asked the Dragon King to ask Tang Taizong for a way out. Taizong Meng Longwang begged for mercy and agreed to it, and ordered Wei Zheng to serve in the court so that he could not kill the dragon.

●Chapter 10: The Second General Suppresses Ghosts at the Palace Gate, Tang Taizong Returns to the Underworld

When Wei Zheng and Taizong were fighting against each other, he dreamed of killing the old dragon. That night, Emperor Taizong dreamed of the Dragon King demanding his life. From then on, he became uneasy physically and mentally and fell ill. In order to prevent sneaking, he ordered Wei Chigong and Qin Shubao to guard the palace gate at night. Taizong died soon after, and in the underworld he met Cui Jue, an old friend of Wei Zheng who was now the judge of the underworld. Cui Jue extended Taizong's life by twenty years. On the way back to Yang, Taizong was entangled by evil ghosts and escaped by scattering gold and silver to the ghosts.

●Chapter 100: Returning to Dongshi, the Five Saints Come True

The four people returned to Chang'an and were welcomed by Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty and all the officials. The next day, Emperor Taizong ascended to the throne and wrote the "Preface to the Holy Religion" to thank Tang Monk for his contribution to the scriptures. He also accepted Xiao (Wang + Yu)'s proposal and invited Tang Monk to go to Yanta Temple to perform the Sutra Emerging Dharma. Tang Monk came to the stage holding a sutra, and suddenly heard the call of the Eight Great Vajras, and soared into the sky to the west. The Tathagata conferred upon Tang Monk the Buddha of Sandalwood Merit; Sun Wukong the Victory Buddha; Zhu Bajie the Envoy of the Purifying Altar; Sha Monk the Golden Arhat; and the White Dragon Horse the Eight Heavenly Dragon Horses. 2. Translation of the first chapter of "Journey to the West" in ancient Chinese

Author of "Journey to the West": Wu Chengen Dynasty: Ming Dynasty , Nanbuzhou, Beiju Luzhou.

In the Aolai Kingdom of Dongsheng Shenzhou, there is a mountain of flowers and fruits. There is a fairy stone on the mountain. One day, the fairy stone cracks and an egg rolls out from the stone. When the egg catches the wind, it turns into a stone monkey. , the monkey's eyes shot out streaks of golden light, worshiping in all directions. The monkey can walk and run. When it is thirsty, it drinks some spring water from the mountain stream, and when it is hungry, it eats some fruits from the mountain.

I had a great time playing with the animals in the mountains all day long. One day, the weather was extremely hot. In order to escape the hot weather, the monkeys ran to the mountain stream to take a bath.

When they saw the spring water flowing, they walked forward along the stream to find its source. The monkeys climbed and climbed, and when they reached the end, they saw a waterfall, as if falling from the sky.

The monkeys were surprised and discussed: "Whoever dares to get into the waterfall and find the source of the spring water without harming his body will be worshiped as king." After shouting three times, the stone monkey The stone monkey jumped out and shouted: "I'm going in, I'm going in!" The stone monkey closed his eyes and jumped into the waterfall. It didn't feel like he was in the water. Then he opened his eyes, looked around, and found that he was standing on a On the iron bridge, the water under the bridge rushes through the stone holes and flows out upside down, covering the bridge door so that people outside cannot see inside.

The stone monkey walked across the bridge and found that this was a really good place. There were stone chairs, stone beds, stone basins, and stone bowls. It looks like someone lived here not long ago. It is a natural house, quiet and tidy, with pots, bowls, ladles and basins neatly placed on the stove.

There is a stone tablet in the middle, which is engraved on it: the blessed land of Huaguo Mountain, the water curtain cave and the sky. The stone monkey was so happy that he turned around and walked out, then jumped out of the hole with a swish.

The monkeys were surprised and happy when they saw that the stone monkey had come out without any injuries. They surrounded him and asked him what was going on inside. The stone monkey scratched his cheeks, scratched his itch, and said to everyone with a smile: "There is no water inside, so it is a good place to stay. When the wind blows, we have a place to hide, and when it rains heavily, we are not afraid of getting wet."

When the monkeys heard this, they jumped up and down with joy. The monkeys followed the stone monkey through the waterfall and entered the water curtain cave. They saw so many good things. They were fighting for each other. Those holding basins took basins, those holding bowls took bowls, and those holding stoves occupied stoves. Those who fight for the bed move here and there until they are exhausted.

The monkeys followed their promise and worshiped the stone monkey as their king. The stone monkey then ascended the throne, omitted the word "stone" and called himself the "Monkey King". The Monkey King took the monkeys to travel around the mountains and rivers every day, and soon three to five hundred years passed.

One day when he was having fun, the Monkey King thought that he would inevitably die in the future, and he couldn't help but shed tears of sadness. At this time, a thong-backed ape jumped out of the monkey group and said: "Your Majesty wants to live forever. The only way to do this is to learn Buddhism, immortality, and the art of gods." The Monkey King decided to travel all over the world to find immortals and learn the art of immortality.

The next day, the monkeys made a raft for him and prepared some wild fruits. So the Monkey King said goodbye to the monkeys, supported the raft alone, and ran towards the vast sea. Probably due to the Monkey King's good luck, the southeast wind for several days brought him to the northwest coast.

He got off the raft and boarded the shore. He saw many people working on the shore, some catching fish, some hunting geese in the sky, some digging clams, and some washing salt. He walked over quietly, but unexpectedly, he was so frightened that the people threw their things away and ran for their lives. On this day, he came to a high mountain, and suddenly a beautiful song came from the woods halfway up the mountain, singing some words about becoming an immortal.

The Monkey King thought: The person singing must be a god, so he followed the song to find him. The singer was a young man who was chopping firewood in the woods. The Monkey King learned from the young man that this mountain is called Lingtai Fangcun Mountain. Seven or eight miles away from here, there is a Xianyue Sanxing Cave, and there are people living in the cave. An immortal called Bodhi Patriarch.

The Monkey King bid farewell to the young man collecting firewood. He came out of the woods and walked up the hillside. Sure enough, he saw a cave in the distance. The cave door was tightly closed. On the hill opposite the cave door. There is a stone tablet standing on it, about three feet high and eight feet wide, with ten big characters written on it: "Lingtai Fangcun Mountain Xie Yue Sanxing Cave". While he was watching, the door suddenly opened and a fairy boy came out.

The Monkey King quickly stepped forward, bowed deeply and explained his purpose. The fairy boy said: "My master was about to give a sermon just now, and suddenly asked me to come out and open the door, saying that someone was coming outside. It turns out you are the one who is learning from me! Come with me!" The Monkey King quickly adjusted his clothes and followed the fairy boy respectfully into the cave to the Dharma platform where the Patriarch was giving his sermon. When the Monkey King saw Patriarch Bodhi sitting upright on the stage with more than thirty fairy boys standing on both sides of the stage, he quickly knelt down and kowtowed.

The Patriarch asked about his purpose and was very happy. Seeing that he had no name, he said, "Just call me Wukong!" The original text of Chapter 1 of the original masterpiece Journey to the West: The poem says: Chaos is not divided into chaos, the world is in chaos. , vast and indistinct, no one can see it. Since Pangu broke through the Hongmeng, he has opened up the distinction between purity and turbidity.

Encourage all sentient beings to look up to the benevolence and discover that all things are good. If you want to know about the Yuan Gong of Good Fortune, you must read the Journey to the West: The Legend of Shie.

According to the number of heaven and earth, one hundred and twenty-nine thousand six hundred years is one dollar. One yuan is divided into twelve groups, which are the twelve branches of Zi, Chou, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si, Wu, Wei, Shen, You, Xu and Hai.

Each meeting should be 18,000 years old.

Let’s talk about one day: if there is yang energy in the Zi hour, but Chou will be a cock crow; if Yin is not bright, but Mao will be the sunrise; in Chen hour, after the eclipse, the Si will be next to each other; in the middle of the day at noon, but if it is not, then it will be in the west; At Shen Shi, the sun sets at You, and at dusk at Xu, people settle in Hai.

For example, in Dashu, if it comes to the end of Xuhui, the sky and the earth will be dim and all things will cease to exist. Five thousand and four hundred years later, at the beginning of the meeting, it will be dark and both characters will be gone, so it is called chaos.

Another five thousand and four hundred years later, the Hai Conference will end, Zhenxia will rise to the Yuan Dynasty, and the Jinzi Conference will gradually become enlightened again. Shao Kangjie said: "Halfway through the winter solstice, the heart of heaven has not changed.

The place where the sun first moves is when all things are not born." At this point, heaven begins to have roots.

Fifty-four hundred years later, at the time of Zihui, light and clear sky, there are sun, moon, stars and stars. The sun, moon and stars are called the four phenomena.

Therefore, it is said that the sky opens to the child. After another five thousand and four hundred years, the Zihui will end, close to the ugly meeting, and gradually become solid.

"Yi" said: "How great is Qian Yuan! How great is Kun Yuan! All material beings are in harmony with heaven." At this point, the earth began to condense.

Five thousand and four hundred years later, at the time of the ugly meeting, under the heavy turbidity, there are water, fire, mountains, rocks and earth. Water, volcano, stone and soil are called the five shapes.

Therefore, it is said that the ground was established. 3. The content of the stories from Chapters 1 to 10 of Journey to the West should not be written in modern texts.

Monkey King made a big fuss in Black Wind Mountain. Avalokitesvara subdued the bear bear monster. Wukong saw a black man discussing with a Taoist priest and a white-clothed scholar about opening a Buddhist robe meeting. Then he killed the basilisk, a scholar in white, and fought with a black bear spirit.

Wukong killed a little demon outside the cave, received an invitation, and attended the meeting as an old abbot. Because he was discovered, he had no choice but to invite Guanyin.

Guanyin turned into a Taoist priest and persuaded the furbolg to take the elixir transformed by Wukong. Wukong caused the furbolg unbearable pain in his stomach.

He had no choice but to return his cassock and convert to Buddhism. The Great Sage of Sanqing Temple left his name, and the Monkey King of Chechi Kingdom showed his Dharma. The Taoist priests regarded the three people as the descending Sanqing and prayed for the water.

The three of them gave the urine and returned through the clouds. The three immortals reported to the king that Wukong and others killed the Taoist priest and pretended to be Sanqing.

The king ordered Tang Monk and others to compete with the three immortals to pray for rain. The Great Immortal Hu Li first came to the altar to perform tricks, summoning the gods of wind, cloud, fog and the Dragon King of the Four Seas. However, Wukong used his magic power to block it, and no rain fell.

When Wukong ascended the altar, thunder and wind broke out, and rain poured down. The Flame Mountain blocks the road ahead. Wukong borrows a fan from the Bull Demon King's wife Rakshasa. The Rakshasa is subdued by Wukong because of her son Red Boy. Wukong's fan reaches Lingji Bodhisattva 50,000 miles away.

Wukong got the Wind-Fixing Pill and went to Suozhan, but was unable to move after being slapped; then he turned into a bug and entered the hole, flew into the tea, and was drank by the Rakshasa girl, causing it to churn in his belly. The Rakshasa girl had no choice but to lend her fan to Wukong.

Only when Wukong kept fanning the fire did he know the fake fan. Wukong went to Ji Lei Mountain to borrow a fan from the Bull Demon King who married Princess Jade Face. The Bull Demon King was invited away to a banquet.

Wukong stole the Golden-Eyed Beast, the mount of the Bull Demon King, and transformed into the Bull Demon King. He went to the Banana Cave, deceived him into getting a real fan, and made the fan bigger according to the method taught by the Rakshasa Girl. But it won't get smaller.

The Bull Demon King lost his golden-eyed beast and hurried back to Basho Cave. The Bull Demon King turns into Bajie, takes over the fixed fan, and appears in three forms to fight Wukong.

With the help of all the guardian gods, the Bull Demon King was defeated. All the metals and powers, together with the heavenly soldiers and heavenly generals, subdued the Bull Demon King.

Wukong used the treasure fan handed over by the Rakshasa girl to extinguish the mountain fire, and the master and apprentice climbed over the Flame Mountain. Havoc in the Heavenly Palace: Wukong used his photography method to move the weapons from the Aolai Treasury into the mountains, where he practiced with the monkeys.

The monsters and beasts in the mountain worshiped Wukong one after another. Wukong asked the Dragon King for a Ruyi golden cudgel weighing 13,500 kilograms.

Tick off the name of the monkey in the book of life and death in the underworld. The Dragon King and the King of Hell asked the Jade Emperor to subjugate the monster monkey.

The Jade Emperor sent Taibai Jinxing to Mount Huaguo to recruit Wukong. Wukong was awarded the official title of Bi Ma Wen. He learned that this official was the lowest rank and returned to Huaguo Mountain.

The Jade Emperor ordered King Li Tianwang and his son Prince Nezha to capture Wukong. Defeated by Goku.

Venus summons Wukong again. The Jade Emperor ordered the Qitian Palace to be built for Wukong to live in.

Wukong manages the peach garden and eats all the big peaches in the garden. Then he went to Yaochi, drank all the immortal wine, and ate all the golden elixirs in Taishang Laojun's gourd.

Escape back to Huaguoshan. The Jade Emperor ordered King Tota to lead his heavenly soldiers to capture Wukong.

Wukong fought off the gods and Nanhai Guanyin's disciple Mu Chazhu Tianwang, but was defeated. Guanyin also recommended Erlang Shen.

Erlangshen fought with Wukong. Taishang Laojun was watching the battle in the sky, dropped the diamond sleeve and hit Wukong. The gods escorted him back to the upper world.

The Jade Emperor ordered Taishang Laojun to put Wukong into an alchemy furnace to refine it. Forty-nine days later, Wukong came out and caused a great havoc in the Heavenly Palace. The Jade Emperor invited Tathagata Buddha.

Sun Wukong somersaulted all the way, unable to jump out of the Buddha's palm. Tathagata turned his five fingers into mountains to suppress Wukong.

Order the Earth God to feed Wukong with iron pills and copper juice. Eating ginseng fruits secretly. There is a tree in the Longevity Villa that bears ginseng fruits. After eating them, one will not grow old.

The second boy of Yuanzidu in Guanzhu Town treated Tang Monk with ginseng fruit. He mistakenly thought that the ginseng fruit was a baby and did not dare to eat it. Wukong stole three fruits and shared them with Bajie and Sha Seng.

Bajie thought it was too little and was nagging. The second boy cursed Tang Seng.

Wukong couldn't bear the curse and knocked down the tree. Ertong designed to lock Tang Monk and his disciples into the main hall.

The masters and apprentices escaped at night. Zhen Yuanzi caught up with Zong Yun and used his robe sleeves to cage Tang Monk and his entourage back.

The master and apprentice escaped again at night. Zhen Yuanzi ordered Wukong to be fried in a pot, but Wukong turned into a stone lion and smashed the pot through.

Wukong visited Guanyin to heal the fruit tree, and Guanyin came with Wukong to revive the fruit tree. Zhen Yuanzi held a ginseng fruit party, entertained Guanyin, the immortals, and Tang Monk's masters and apprentices, and became brothers with Wukong.

< > "Journey to the West" mainly describes the story of Monkey King protecting Monk Tang from going to the West to obtain Buddhist scriptures and going through eighty-one hardships. Tang Monk's study of Buddhist scriptures is a real thing in history.

About 1,300 years ago, in the first year of Zhenguan (627) of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, the 25-year-old young monk Xuanzang left the capital Chang'an and went to Tianzhu (India) to study alone. After setting off from Chang'an, he passed through Central Asia, Afghanistan, and Pakistan, going through many hardships and obstacles, and finally arrived in India.

He studied there for more than two years and was a well-received speaker at a large-scale debate on Buddhist scriptures. In the 19th year of Zhenguan (645), Xuanzang returned to Chang'an and brought back 657 Buddhist scriptures.

His journey to the West to seek Buddhist scriptures lasted for nineteen years and covered tens of thousands of miles. It was a legendary Long March that caused a sensation. Later, Xuanzang's oral account of his journey to the West was compiled into twelve volumes of "The Records of the Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty" by his disciple Bianji.

But this book mainly tells the history, geography and transportation of the countries seen on the road. There is no story. When his disciples Huili and Yan Cong wrote "The Biography of Master Tripitaka of the Great Ci'en Temple of the Tang Dynasty", it added a lot of mythological color to Xuanzang's experience. From then on, the story of Tang Monk's Buddhist scriptures began to be widely circulated among the people.

The Southern Song Dynasty has "The Tripitaka of the Tang Dynasty Searching for Buddhist Scriptures", the Jin Dynasty version has "The Tripitaka of the Tang Dynasty", "Peach Club", etc., and the Yuan Dynasty dramas include Wu Changling's "The Tripitaka of the Tang Dynasty's Searching for Buddhist Scriptures from the West", and the unknown person's "Erlang Shensuo" "The Great Sage Qi" and so on, all of which laid the foundation for the creation of "Journey to the West". It was on the basis of folk legends, scripts and operas that Wu Cheng'en went through painstaking re-creation and completed this great literary masterpiece that the Chinese nation is proud of.

Wu Chengen, whose courtesy name was Ruzhong and whose nickname was Sheyangshan, was from Shanyang, Huai'an Prefecture (now Huai'an City, Jiangsu Province). He was born between the 13th year of Hongzhi in the Ming Dynasty and the first year of Zhengde (1500-1510), and died in the 10th year of Wanli (1582).

Wu Chengen's great-grandfather and grandfather were both scholars and served as tutors and lecturers in the county school. But in his father Wu Rui's generation, because his family was poor, he married into the Xu family, "then he took over the Xu family's business and became a small businessman."

Despite this, the Wu family has not lost the tradition of reading. It is said that although his father Wu Rui was a businessman, he was not only a decent man, but also good at reading and talking about current affairs. This naturally had a great influence on Wu Chengen.

Wu Chengen was very smart since he was a child. He entered school very early. He became successful at a young age and became famous in his hometown. Volume 16 of Tianqi's "Huai'an Prefecture" said that Wu Cheng'en was "sensitive and intelligent, and he was well-versed in books. He wrote poems and essays and established success in writing."

But Wu Cheng'en was not successful as an adult. 4. Ancient text translation of the first chapter of "Journey to the West"

Translation:

Chapter 1: The source of spiritual root nourishment flows out, and the cultivation of the mind leads to the great path.

In the Aolai Kingdom of Dongsheng Shenzhou, there is a mountain of flowers and fruits. There is a fairy stone on the mountain. One day, the fairy stone cracks and an egg rolls out from the stone. When the egg sees the wind, it turns into a stone monkey. , the monkey's eyes shot out streaks of golden light, worshiping in all directions. The monkey can walk and run. When it is thirsty, it drinks some spring water from the mountain stream, and when it is hungry, it eats some fruits from the mountain.

I had a great time playing with the animals in the mountains all day long. One day, the weather was extremely hot. To escape the hot weather, the monkeys ran to the mountain stream to take a bath. When they saw the spring water flowing, they walked along the stream to find its source. The monkeys climbed and climbed, and when they reached the end, they saw a waterfall, as if falling from the sky.

The monkeys were surprised and discussed: "Whoever dares to get into the waterfall and find the source of the spring water without harming his body will be worshiped as king." After shouting three times, the stone monkey The stone monkey jumped out and shouted: "I'm going in, I'm going in!"

The stone monkey closed his eyes and jumped into the waterfall. He felt that it didn't feel like he was in the water. Then he opened his eyes and looked around. Looking around, I found that I was standing on an iron bridge. The water under the bridge rushed through the stone holes and flowed out upside down, covering the bridge door so that no one outside could see inside. The stone monkey walked across the bridge and found that this was a really good place. There were stone chairs, stone beds, stone basins, and stone bowls.

Source: From the novel "Journey to the West" written by Wu Chengen in the Ming Dynasty.

Extended information:

Creation background:

In the first year of Zhenguan (627 years) of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, the 25-year-old monk Xuanzang went on a walking study tour in Tianzhu (India).

After setting off from Chang'an, he passed through Central Asia, Afghanistan, and Pakistan, going through many hardships and obstacles, and finally arrived in India. He studied there for more than two years and served as the keynote speaker at a large-scale Buddhist scripture debate, where he received praise.

In the 19th year of Zhenguan (645), Xuanzang returned to Chang'an and brought back 657 Buddhist scriptures, which caused a sensation. Later, Xuanzang's oral account of his journey to the West was compiled into twelve volumes of "The Records of the Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty" by his disciple Bianji.

But this book mainly tells the history, geography and transportation of the countries seen on the road, without any stories.

When his disciples Huili and Yancong wrote "The Biography of Master Tripitaka of the Great Ci'en Temple of the Tang Dynasty", it added a lot of mythological color to Xuanzang's experience. From then on, the story of Tang Monk's Buddhist scriptures began It is widely spread among Chinese people.

The Southern Song Dynasty has "The Tripitaka of the Tang Dynasty Searching for Buddhist Scriptures", the Jin Dynasty version has "The Tripitaka of the Tang Dynasty", "Peach Club", etc., and the Yuan Dynasty dramas include Wu Changling's "The Tripitaka of the Tang Dynasty's Searching for Buddhist Scriptures from the West", and the unknown person's "Erlang Shensuo" "The Great Sage Qi" and so on, all of which laid the foundation for the creation of "Journey to the West". It was on the basis of Chinese folklore, scripts and operas that Wu Chengen completed this great literary masterpiece through painstaking re-creation.

Wu Chengen (disputed), the author of "Journey to the West" from the Ming Dynasty, lived in the middle and late Ming Dynasty and went through five periods: Xiaozong Hongzhi, Wuzong Zhengde, Shizong Jiajing, Mu Zonglongqing, and Shenzong Wanli.

The social situation in the middle and late Ming Dynasty was very different from that at the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China. Politically, class contradictions, ethnic contradictions, and contradictions within the ruling class were intensifying and becoming increasingly acute; ideologically and culturally, the Enlightenment thought was rising. , the idea of ????liberating human nature was rising, citizen literature was developing increasingly vigorously, the creation of novels and dramas entered a period of comprehensive prosperity, and the sprouts of capitalism emerged economically.

Sogou Encyclopedia-Journey to the West 5. Ancient Chinese translation of the first chapter of "Journey to the West"

Translation of the first chapter of "Journey to the West": Legend has it that a long time ago, the world was divided into Dongsheng Shenzhou, Xiniuhezhou, Nanfanbuzhou, and Beijuluzhou.

In the Aolai Kingdom of Dongsheng Shenzhou, there is a mountain of flowers and fruits. There is a fairy stone on the mountain. One day, the fairy stone cracks and an egg rolls out from the stone. When the egg sees the wind, it turns into a stone monkey. , the monkey's eyes shot out streaks of golden light, worshiping in all directions. The monkey can walk and run. When it is thirsty, it drinks some spring water from the mountain stream, and when it is hungry, it eats some fruits from the mountain.

I had a great time playing with the animals in the mountains all day long. One day, the weather was extremely hot. In order to escape the hot weather, the monkeys ran to the mountain stream to take a bath.

When they saw the spring water flowing, they walked forward along the stream to find its source. The monkeys climbed and climbed, and when they reached the end, they saw a waterfall, as if falling from the sky.

The monkeys were surprised and discussed: "Whoever dares to get into the waterfall and find the source of the spring water without harming his body, I will worship him as the king." After shouting three times, the stone monkey The stone monkey jumped out and shouted: "I'm going in, I'm going in!" The stone monkey closed his eyes and jumped into the waterfall. It didn't feel like he was in the water. Then he opened his eyes, looked around, and found that he was standing on a On the iron bridge, the water under the bridge rushes through the stone holes and flows out upside down, covering the bridge door so that people outside cannot see inside. 6. Explanation of Chapters 1-10 of "Journey to the West"

Only now do I know what it means that there are mountains outside the mountains and buildings outside the buildings. After reading your supplementary question, I think I will go to Harvard to study abroad! Fang realized that he was just a frog in the well, ignorant, ignorant, and ridiculous! If brother, if you get some advice from an expert, be sure to tell me the answer. I will be very grateful!

Chapter 1: Spiritual Roots and Breeding Source Flows Out of Mind and Practices to Become a Great Way; Chapter 2: Enlightenment of the True and Wonderful Principles of Bodhi, Cutting off Demons, Returning to the Origin and Unity with the Soul

Chapter 3: Four Seas and Thousands of Mountains They all bowed down to Jiuyou and all ten categories were expelled. Chapter 4: The official title of Bi Maxin is not enough to pay attention to Qi Tian's will. Chapter 5: The great sage Peach steals elixirs and rebels against the gods of the heavenly palace to catch monsters. Chapter 6 Avalokitesvara goes to the meeting and asks the reason, the little sage shows his power and subdues the great sage

Chapter 7: The great sage escapes from the Bagua furnace and the Five Elements Mountain is the centering ape. Chapter 8: My Buddha created the sutra and preached that the extremely optimistic Yin went to Chang'an according to the order

< p>Appendix Chen Guangrui went to take office and suffered a disaster and the Jiang Liu monk took revenge

Chapter 9 Yuan Shoucheng’s clever plan and selfless song The old dragon king’s clumsy plan violated the law of heaven Chapter 10 The second general’s palace gate suppressed the ghost Tang Taizong’s underworld resurrected 7. Journey to the West 1

●Chapter 1

Dongsheng Shenzhou proudly came to the country and there was Huaguo Mountain in the sea. A fairy stone on the mountain gave birth to a stone monkey. The stone monkey found a stone cave called "Water Curtain Cave" at the source of the stream where he lived, and was hailed as the king by the monkeys. Three to five hundred years later, the stone monkey suddenly cried sadly because life was unpredictable and he would not live long. According to the instructions of an old monkey, Stone Monkey traveled from Nanfanxunzhou to Xiniuhezhou, went up Lingtai Fangcun Mountain, entered Xieyue Sanxing Cave, paid homage to the Patriarch Subhuti, and was accepted as his disciple, named Sun Wukong.

●Chapter 2

Wukong learned the secret of immortality, the seventy-two transformations and the "somersault cloud" from his ancestor. One day, Wukong was instigated by others and turned into a pine tree, which made the ancestor unhappy and was expelled from the cave. Return to Huaguo Mountain, fight with the demons of Zhanshan Mountain and win, and bring back the captive monkeys and items.

●Chapter 3

Wukong uses the photography method to move the weapons from the Aolai Treasury into the mountains and train the monkeys. The monsters and beasts in the mountain worshiped Wukong one after another. Wukong asked the Dragon King for a Ruyi golden cudgel weighing 13,500 kilograms. Cross off the name of the monkey in the book of life and death in the underworld. The Dragon King and the King of Hell asked the Jade Emperor to subjugate the monster monkey. The Jade Emperor sent Taibai Jinxing to Mount Huaguo to recruit Wukong.

●Chapter 4

Wukong was awarded the official title of "Bi Ma Wen". He learned that this official was the lowest grade and returned to Huaguo Mountain. The Jade Emperor ordered King Li Tianwang and his son Prince Nezha to capture Wukong. Defeated by Goku. Venus summons Wukong again. The Jade Emperor ordered the Qitian Palace to be built for Wukong to live in.

●Chapter 5

Wukong manages the peach garden and eats all the big peaches in the garden. Then he went to Yaochi, drank all the immortal wine, and ate all the golden elixirs in Taishang Laojun's gourd. Escape back to Huaguo Mountain. The Jade Emperor ordered King Tota to lead his heavenly soldiers to capture Wukong. Wukong fought off the gods.

●Chapter 6

Nanhai Guanyin’s disciple Mu Cha helped the King of Heaven but was defeated. Guanyin also recommended Erlang Shen. Erlangshen fought with Wukong. Taishang Laojun was watching the battle in the sky, dropped the diamond sleeve and hit Wukong. The gods escorted him back to the upper world. The Jade Emperor issued a decree to execute him.

●Chapter 7

Taishang Laojun put Wukong into the alchemy furnace to refine it. Forty-nine days later, Wukong came out and caused a great havoc in the Heavenly Palace. The Jade Emperor invited Tathagata Buddha. Sun Wukong somersaulted all the way and couldn't jump out of the Buddha's palm. Tathagata turned his five fingers into mountains to suppress Wukong. He ordered the Earth God to feed Wukong with iron pills and copper juice.

●Chapter 8

Five hundred years later, Tathagata Buddha wanted to find a follower to learn the scriptures so that the Buddha's teachings could be spread to the east forever. Avalokitesvara led the wooden chak to ride on the clouds, carrying a cassock, a tin staff and three hoops of gold, tight and forbidden. Along the way, they subdue Sha Wujing, Zhu Wuneng and Xiao Bailong; persuade Sun Wukong and let them protect the Buddhist scripture collector.

●Chapter 9

In order to make Yuan Shoucheng's prediction fail, the Dragon King of Jinghe privately changed the rainfall into Chen and the amount of rainfall. He also destroyed Yuan Shoucheng's Gua Shop based on his inaccurate possession. Yuan Shoucheng asserted that the Dragon King would be executed by Tang Prime Minister Wei Zheng for violating the decree. And asked the Dragon King to ask Tang Taizong for a way out. Taizong Meng Longwang begged for mercy and agreed to it, and ordered Wei Zheng to serve in the court so that he could not kill the dragon.

●Chapter 10

When Wei Zheng and Taizong were confronting Yi, he dreamed of killing the old dragon. That night, Emperor Taizong dreamed of the Dragon King demanding his life. From then on, he became uneasy physically and mentally and fell ill. In order to prevent sneaking, he ordered Wei Chigong and Qin Shubao to guard the palace gate at night. Taizong died soon after, and in the underworld he met Cui Jue, an old friend of Wei Zheng who was now the judge of the underworld. Cui Jue extended Taizong's life by twenty years. On the way back to Yang, Taizong was entangled by evil ghosts and escaped by scattering gold and silver to the ghosts.