How's the weather? What is climate?

Weather refers to a short-term local and temporary atmospheric phenomenon in an area. Climate refers to the average physical state of the atmosphere in a region for a long time (such as 30 years).

1. Weather refers to the specific state of the near-surface atmosphere in a certain area in a short time. Weather phenomenon refers to various natural phenomena in the atmosphere, that is, the comprehensive expression of the spatial distribution of various meteorological elements in the atmosphere (such as temperature, pressure, humidity, wind, clouds, fog, rain, flash, snow, frost, thunder, hail, haze, etc.). ) in an instant.

Weather process is the process of weather phenomena changing with time in a certain area. All kinds of weather systems have certain time and space scales, and they are intertwined and influence each other. The combination of many weather systems constitutes a large-scale weather situation and hemispheric and even global atmospheric circulation. The weather system is always in the process of rebirth, development and extinction, and there are corresponding weather phenomena in different development stages.

2. Climate is a long-term average state of atmospheric physical characteristics, which is different from weather and has stability. Time scales are months, seasons, years, years to hundreds of years. Climate is measured by the characteristics of cold, warm, dry and wet, and is usually characterized by the average value and deviation value of a certain period. The subject of studying climate is climatology.

Extended data:

The weather phenomenon mainly comes from the temperature difference between different places. On a large scale, the area near the equator receives more solar energy per unit area than other areas. From a smaller scale, different lower boundaries (such as the ground and the ocean) have different solar energy absorption efficiency due to different physical properties.

Temperature difference will lead to pressure difference. If the temperature of a surface is very high, the air on the surface will be heated and expanded, the air pressure on the surface will be reduced, and the surrounding air will be replenished, so the air movement will produce wind. In addition, Coriolis force will affect the direction of air flow. Many complex weather phenomena originated from such a simple system, such as land and sea breeze.

Weather density (temperature and humidity) is the difference between one place and another. These differences may be due to the perspective of tropical sun at different latitudes at any specific position. A jet stream caused by a strong temperature difference between polar and tropical air. In the mid-latitude region of weather system, such as extratropical cyclone, jet stream is unstable.

Because the axis of the earth is inclined relative to its orbital plane, sunlight is an event that occurs from different angles at different times of the year. Once in the temperature range of 40 C (100 F to-40 F) on the earth's surface. For thousands of years, the change of the earth's orbit has affected the solar energy received by the earth and its distribution, as well as the long-term climate and global climate change.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia weather

References:

Baidu encyclopedia climate