Magnolia information

Alias: Magnolia, Magnolia, Magnolia, Yushu, Winter jasmine, Wang Chun, Winter jasmine, Yutangchun, Magnolia, Magnolia.

Family name: Magnoliaceae

Introduction:

Also known as Mulan, Magnolia, Magnolia and so on. Magnolia subgenus of Magnoliaceae is a deciduous tree with a height of 2-5m or as high as15m. The flowers are white, big and fragrant, the first leaves are open, and the flowering period is about 10 days. The famous trees in China are important ornamental trees in early spring in the north. Shanghai flower. China has a cultivation history of about 2,500 years and is a precious ornamental tree species in gardens. Distributed in central and southwest China, introduced and cultivated all over the world. It is usually propagated by sowing and grafting. I like warm, sunny, humid and well-drained places, and require fertile soil and no water accumulation. Strong cold tolerance, can safely overwinter at -20℃. Grow well in a better environment in Beijing. Transplanting should be done more than ten days before germination, or before leaf spreading after flowering. Seeding seedlings usually takes about 5 years to blossom. Magnolia grandiflora in Er Qiao is also very common in the north. The petals are lavender outside and white inside.

[Edit this paragraph] Morphological characteristics

Deciduous trees Winter buds are densely covered with gray-green long hair. Leaves alternate. Flowers and leaves are open, erect, bell-shaped, fragrant, blue-white and sometimes reddish at the base. Aggregate fruit, the seed is heart-shaped, black. ?

Magnolia is as white as jade and flowers are as blue. Its tree shape is huge, and its height can exceed 10 meter. Its crown is oval, its big leaves are inverted oval, its top is short and sharp, its base is wedge-shaped, and its surface is shiny and complete! The two J-bars in the city are sparsely developed, and the buds and buds are covered with short hairs. Winter buds have large scales. Flowers bloom first, and the flowers are terminal, large, with a diameter of 12- 15 cm. Perianth 9, campanulate. The ear of the fruit is cylindrical and brown: the fruit is red when it is ripe. It blooms in March and matures in June-July.

Magnolia is a deciduous tree with a height of 25 meters and a diameter of 200 cm. The crown of young magnolia trees is narrow and oval, and the crown of mature trees is wide or loose. The big trees in the nursery stock producing area often have obvious trunks, strong bodies, majestic majesty, strong growth potential, long branches and sparse flowers. Grafted tree species are often characterized by many branches or low branches, short nodes and dense branches, and small trees, but flowers are clustered and look flawless and enchanting from a distance. Therefore, Magnolia grandiflora from different habitats has different tastes in garden applications. In a small or closed garden, grafted species should be planted alone or in small clumps to reflect quaint interests. However, the species of seedlings should be selected in the scenic spots to reflect the rough and simple style. ?

Magnolia officinalis is gray when it is young, smooth and less cracked, and dark gray when it is old, rough and cracked. Branchlets are grayish brown. The terminal buds and pedicels are densely covered with gray-yellow long curly hair, fluffy as young rats, and the winter state is more obvious. Different tree ages have different branching habits. When young, the single bud is elongated, so the trunk is obvious and the crown is regular. After flowering, the mixed buds of leaves and branches extend in two or more branches after the ear, and the lateral development is more than vertical growth, so the crown develops in the direction of wide ellipse.

Leaves alternate and sometimes spiral, ranging from obovate to obovate in width, 10- 18 cm in length and 6- 12 cm in width. The apex is round and wide, flat or slightly concave, with short spikes, so it is also called Magnolia grandiflora. Taper and wedge below the middle, entire. Magnolia leaves usually have stipules or appendages at the base, and there are two kinds of stipules. The stipules at the end of the branches are attached to the young stems and separated from the petioles, which are covered with tiles. The stipules on the leaves are scattered, tile-knife-shaped, attached to both sides of the petiole base, with long buds, stipules falling off and annular stipules left on the young branches, which are the distinguishing characteristics of Magnoliaceae trees.

Magnolia grandiflora is as high as 15m, with alternate leaves, obovate, sharp apex and wedge-shaped base. The flowers are large, white and fragrant, and they are solitary at the top of branches. Calyx and petals are similar to 9 pieces, arranged in a bell shape. Aggregate fruit is cylindrical, red to reddish brown, and its seeds have bright red fleshy exocarp.

[Edit this paragraph] Biological habits

Magnolia likes light, is cold-resistant, and can overwinter in the open air. Love high dryness, avoid low humidity, and waterlogging in planting land is easy to rot roots. Fertile, well-drained and slightly acidic sandy soil can also grow on weakly alkaline soil. In the south where the temperature is high, flowers can bloom in February 65438-1October 65438. Magnolia is more resistant to harmful gases. If this flower is planted in a factory polluted by sulfur dioxide and chlorine, it has certain resistance and sulfur absorption ability. Artificial smoking with sulfur dioxide can absorb more than 0.6 grams of sulfur per kilogram of dry leaves. Therefore, Magnolia grandiflora is a good anti-pollution greening tree species in air pollution areas.

[Edit this paragraph] Variety situation

Magnolia is a subtropical tree species, which likes light but is slightly tolerant to shade. Cold-tolerant, able to overwinter in Beijing. I like fertile, moist and well-drained soil. Fleshy root, not resistant to stagnant water. Flowers bloom first, then leaves. The flowering period is February-March, and the fruit maturity is August-September. Seeds have embryo dormancy.

Magnolia grandiflora var. Purourescens is a kind of tree with reddish flowers, purplish red surface and fragrance.

Similar species are: M.amoena, with pink or light pink flowers and greenish branchlets, native to Tianmu Mountain, Zhejiang Province. Magnolia grandiflora (M.zenii) originated in Bao Hua, Jurong, Jiangsu Province, with white flowers at the top, purple veins at the bottom and purple shoots. Magnolia, with white flowers, long stems, oval leaves and white powder and fur on the back.

[Edit this paragraph] The meaning of flowers

Magnolia looks like a lotus flower. When in full bloom, its petals spread in all directions, making the courtyard green and white, dazzling with white light, which has high ornamental value. Coupled with the fragrance, refreshing, it is an ideal flower to beautify the courtyard. ?

Magnolia represents gratitude. Magnolia often blooms a large round white flower in a green place. With the rich fragrance, people feel an unspeakable temperament, which is really fresh and lovely. Because of its tall plants, high flowering position, swaying in the wind, full of vitality, just like a beautiful girl, very cute. New poetry is old and ugly, and Jiangnan barren museum is separated by autumn clouds. Affectionate does not change color year after year, and the eternal heart holds the gentleman.

[Edit this paragraph] The Legend of Flowers

The legend of Mulan is permeated with traditional folk stories in China. The story is about three sisters who lived in the mountains a long time ago. My sister's name is Magnolia grandiflora, the second is Magnolia grandiflora, and the third is Huang Yulan. One day, when they went down the mountain to play, they found cold water and autumn smoke in the village. The three sisters were very surprised. Inquired about the people in the village, only to know that the original Qin Shihuang was rushing to fill the sea and killed the lobster princess. Since then, the Dragon King and Zhangjiajie have become enemies. The Dragon King locked the salt storage and prevented Zhangjiajie people from eating salt, which finally led to a plague and many people died. The three sisters were very sympathetic to them, so they decided to help them beg for salt. But how easy is it? After being rejected by the Dragon King many times, the three sisters had to start with the general crab guarding the salt storehouse, charmed the general crab with their own flowers, took the opportunity to cut through the salt storehouse and immerse all the salt in the seawater. The people in the village were saved, but the three sisters were turned into flower trees by the Dragon King. Later, in order to commemorate them, people called this flower tree "Magnolia", and the flowers they brewed became their own fragrance. The story is simple and beautiful, but it also reflects people's pursuit of beautiful things and their yearning for perfection.

[Edit this paragraph] Cultivation management

Magnolia grandiflora is a fragrant flowering tree species in early spring. When planting, we should seize the opportunity, neither too early nor too late. It is most suitable to plant before germination in early spring 10 days or before the leaves open after flowering. When transplanting, regardless of the size of the seedlings, the roots must carry mud balls, and try not to damage the roots. In order to ensure survival. Before planting, fully decomposed organic fertilizer should be applied in the hole as base fertilizer. After planting, seal the soil tightly and water it in time. ?

Magnolia likes fat, but avoid big fat; Generally, applying fertilizer twice in the growth period is beneficial to flower bud differentiation and promoting growth. Once in early spring and once in May-June. Fertilizers are mostly fully decomposed organic fertilizers. Newly planted saplings don't need fertilization until the leaves fall or the next spring. The root system of Magnolia grandiflora is fleshy and cannot tolerate stagnant water. It is advisable to keep the soil slightly wet at flowering stage. After autumn, it is necessary to reduce watering, delay the rooting of Magnolia grandiflora, and promote the maturity of branches to facilitate wintering. Generally, it is not watered in winter, and only once the soil is too dry. Magnolia branches have poor wound healing ability and are generally not trimmed. However, in order to make the tree shape reasonable, in the early stage of leaf opening, long branches, dead branches, pest branches and branches that hinder the beauty of the tree shape should still be cut off. In addition, after the flowers wither, if no seeds are left, the residual flowers and fruit ears should be cut off to avoid consuming nutrients and affecting the next year's flowering. ?

There are many kinds of magnolia in the ground, and potted plants should be cultivated into piles.

[Edit this paragraph] Cultivation and propagation

Magnolia grandiflora can be propagated by grafting, layering, cutting and sowing, but grafting and layering are the most commonly used methods. ?

(1) Grafting propagation. There are two grafting methods, one is butt joint and the other is cutting. ?

Docking: docking time, from spring to autumn, can be carried out throughout the growing period. Mostly in April-July. The best abutting position is 70 cm from the ground. After binding, wrap it in mud and leaves to prevent the rain from washing away. It can be cut off in about 60 days. Docking is an easy way to live, but it is not as vigorous as cutting. ?

(2) Layered propagation. There are also two kinds of stratified communication: ordinary stratification and college stratification. ?

① General stratification: stratification is best carried out in February-March. Cut the root of the branch to be pressed half deep, then cut it up for a while, and then press a tile in the middle, so it won't break. Insert a thick U-shaped iron wire into the soil, fix it to prevent it from lifting, and then pile it on the soil. Layering in spring, and cutting and planting after the root buds are sent out. ?

② High-branch layering: Before lodging, select healthy and disease-free shoots (diameter 1.5-2cm) on the mother plant, cut cracks at the lower part of the pot fork, then cover it with a bamboo tube or bottomless pottery jar, fill it with culture soil, and tie it tightly with a string outside, be careful not to touch it, and spray a small amount of water frequently to keep it moist. New roots can be born around May of the following year, and then they can be taken off for colonization.

[Edit this paragraph] Breeding technology

Magnolia likes sunny and humid environment and should not grow in alkaline soil for a long time. Planting should choose a place that is sheltered from the wind and sunny, well drained and fertile. There should be enough water and fertilizer before flowers to make them big and fragrant. There are not many branches of Magnolia grandiflora, except dead branches, pests and diseases branches and branches that disturb the tree shape, which generally do not need pruning. If the flowers wither without leaving any seeds, cut off the fruit to avoid consuming nutrition. Magnolia grandiflora has strong cold tolerance and can overwinter in the open air in North China and the southeastern part of China.

Potted Magnolia grandiflora can be coiled, that is, after germination in April, with the growth of new shoots, it can be coiled at any time and tied into an arc posture to limit the height of the trunk. Because magnolia is a deep root system, it is easy to grow and weaken after a long time in the pot. Therefore, after the flowers wither, it is necessary to repair the taproot, cultivate it in the field, and then put it in a pot before the flowers, so that there can be more flowers and more flowers. ?

Magnolia grandiflora is mainly propagated by grafting, but also by sowing, cutting and layering. The seedlings of Magnolia grandiflora are often used as rootstocks for grafting, and they are cut before Tomb-Sweeping Day. In the south, it can also be cut around the autumnal equinox or germinated in August-September. Cutting and budding are the same as common flowers and trees. Will the seedlings planted at the end of September or at the beginning of 10 mature? After picking the fruit, take out the seeds, soak them in plant ash water for 1-2 days, then rub off the waxy aril, and then wash them with clear water to sow; You can also clean the seeds and store them in wet sand, otherwise the germination ability of the seeds will be easily lost. In March of the following year, indoor potted plants can be planted, and seedlings can emerge in about 20 days.

[Edit this paragraph] Medicinal value

Magnolia grandiflora is the flower of Magnolia grandiflora, a deciduous tree of Magnoliaceae, which blooms in early spring and March and is rarely used or dried. Magnolia grandiflora is a valuable ornamental plant with large and beautiful flowers, and it smells fragrant when it is open. Its petals are edible, with thick meat and unique fragrance. In the Qing Dynasty, "Flower Mirror" said: "Its petals are washed, the noodles are fried very well, or it can be soaked in honey." ? Magnolia grandiflora contains volatile oil, mainly citral, clove oleic acid and so on. It also contains magnolin, alkaloid, primrose, decanoic acid, rutin, oleic acid, vitamin A and other ingredients, which has certain medicinal value. Flos Magnoliae is pungent and warm, and has the effects of expelling wind and cold, dredging orifices, dispersing lung and dredging nose. Can be used for treating headache, blood stasis dysmenorrhea, nasal congestion, acute and chronic sinusitis, allergic rhinitis, etc. Modern pharmacological research shows that Magnolia officinalis has inhibitory effect on common skin fungi.