What is the totem of Miao nationality?

What is the totem of Miao nationality?

Miao nationality is one of the oldest nationalities in the big family of Chinese nation, with a long history and splendid culture. Among many splendid Miao cultures, totem culture is an indispensable part of the whole Miao culture. Miao compatriots who have lived in Danzhai for generations have a long history of worshipping birds as totems. Nowadays, although we haven't seen the ancient and grand bird totem worship program of Miao nationality, we can see the heritage of Miao bird totem culture from the colorful traditional culture popular among Miao people. The author is interested in Miao culture, especially Miao totem culture, and has excavated and collected a lot of materials for a long time, and made a comprehensive study by using many disciplines such as history, ethnology, folklore, linguistics, sociology and human culturology. Now, I want to talk about the bird totem culture of the Miao nationality in Danzhai. Please give me your advice.

Totem, one of the original beliefs, is written as "totem" in English pinyin, which is a dialect of North American Indians and originally means "their relatives". Marx pointed out in Morgan's Abstract of Ancient Society that totem refers to the symbol or emblem of a clan; For example, the wolf's figure is the totem of the wolf family. " 1) Foley wrote in his first book "Totem", "It is the object of superstition and worship of a group of primitive people, who believe that they have a close and special relationship with any one of them. ..... The connection between individual and totem is the combination of natural interests; Totem protects people, and people express their reverence for it in various ways. If it is an animal, killing is forbidden. If it is a plant, it is forbidden to cut or collect. ..... Totem has never been an isolated individual, it is often a whole group of objects, usually referring to a certain animal or plant ... "(2) That is to say, totem is an object, and primitive people respect it in a superstitious way, but believe that they and all members of the same group have a close and special relationship with this object. In ancient times, people thought that some animal or natural thing related to this clan (tribe) was the symbol or symbol of this clan (tribe), symbolizing an ideology, an ancient belief and a spiritual strength of this clan (tribe). Therefore, totem is the symbol of primitive nation and the deified ancestor.

The deified ancestors, as the object of totem worship and the symbol of clan (tribe), once existed in all primitive nations in the world. Totem worship, as a cultural phenomenon, was widespread in the early development of China. Totem worship of Chinese nation can be summarized into three types: dragon totem, bird totem and flower totem. As a member of the big family of the Chinese nation, Miao nationality also has totem worship of dragons, snakes, birds, fish and butterflies in history. Today, the Miao compatriots who call themselves "Gan Ao" live in the land of Danzhai. In history, they take birds as totems and are descendants of the bird totem tribe. Today, the golden pheasant culture, bird clothing culture, batik culture, birdcage culture, brocade (cloth) culture, Lusheng culture and suspender culture scattered among Miao people are the historical inheritance of bird totem culture and cultural examples of bird totem worship in Miao history.

From the perspective of ethnolinguistics, the bird totem worship of Danzhai Miao nationality has a long history. According to Marxism, language is the product of human society, which develops with the development of society. National language is the form of national culture, which comes into being with the generation of nation, and Danzhai Miao language also comes into being with the generation of "Gan 'ao" clan. Danzhai Miao people call themselves "noisy" [qa33n? 13] is a Miao language in eastern Guizhou. In Qiandong Miao vocabulary, ga [qa33] means Ben, Yuan, Root, Root and Noisy [n? 13] It means both a bird and a young woman. According to the grammatical translation of Miao language, the literal translation of "Gan Ao" should be the root of the bird, while the free translation comes from the clan of the bird totem tribe. "Gan 'ao" in Danzhai Miao vocabulary [qa33n? 13] in word "[n? The pronunciation of "13" is not only the same as "bird", but also the same as "snake" and "fish". Explain gawk [qa33n? 13] as a clan name, the word comes from the ancient matriarchal clan society, with birds, snakes and fish as totems and birds, snakes and fish as clan names. This is a major feature of matriarchal clan society. In the era of matriarchal society, due to low productivity, underdeveloped human intelligence and little understanding of the surrounding things, people often regard some things closely related to their lives such as residence and diet as having some kind of marriage relationship with them, even blood relationship and similar relationship, so ...... >>

What is the totem of Miao nationality in Xiangxi?

Among many splendid Miao cultures, totem culture is an indispensable part of the whole Miao culture. Miao compatriots who have lived in Danzhai for generations have a long history of worshipping birds as totems. Nowadays, although we haven't seen the ancient and grand bird totem worship program of Miao nationality, we can see the heritage of Miao bird totem culture from the colorful traditional culture popular among Miao people. The author is interested in Miao culture, especially Miao totem culture, and has excavated and collected a lot of materials for a long time, and made a comprehensive study by using many disciplines such as history, ethnology, folklore, linguistics, sociology and human culturology. Now, I want to talk about the bird totem culture of the Miao nationality in Danzhai. Please give me your advice.

Totem, one of the original beliefs, is written as "totem" in English pinyin, which is a dialect of North American Indians and originally means "their relatives". Marx pointed out in Morgan's Abstract of Ancient Society that totem refers to the symbol or emblem of a clan; For example, the wolf's figure is the totem of the wolf family. " 1) Foley wrote in his first book "Totem", "It is the object of superstition and worship of a group of primitive people, who believe that they have a close and special relationship with any one of them. ..... The connection between individual and totem is the combination of natural interests; Totem protects people, and people express their reverence for it in various ways. If it is an animal, killing is forbidden. If it is a plant, it is forbidden to cut or collect. ..... Totem has never been an isolated individual, it is often a whole group of objects, usually referring to a certain animal or plant ... "(2) That is to say, totem is an object, and primitive people respect it in a superstitious way, but believe that they and all members of the same group have a close and special relationship with this object. In ancient times, people thought that some animal or natural thing related to this clan (tribe) was the symbol or symbol of this clan (tribe), symbolizing an ideology, an ancient belief and a spiritual strength of this clan (tribe). Therefore, totem is the symbol of primitive nation and the deified ancestor.

The deified ancestors, as the object of totem worship and the symbol of clan (tribe), once existed in all primitive nations in the world. Totem worship, as a cultural phenomenon, was widespread in the early development of China. Totem worship of Chinese nation can be summarized into three types: dragon totem, bird totem and flower totem. As a member of the big family of the Chinese nation, Miao nationality also has totem worship of dragons, snakes, birds, fish and butterflies in history. Today, the Miao compatriots who call themselves "Gan Ao" live in the land of Danzhai. In history, they take birds as totems and are descendants of the bird totem tribe. Today, the golden pheasant culture, bird clothing culture, batik culture, birdcage culture, brocade (cloth) culture, Lusheng culture and suspender culture scattered among Miao people are the historical inheritance of bird totem culture and cultural examples of bird totem worship in Miao history.

From the perspective of ethnolinguistics, the bird totem worship of Danzhai Miao nationality has a long history. According to Marxism, language is the product of human society, which develops with the development of society. National language is the form of national culture, which comes into being with the generation of nation, and Danzhai Miao language also comes into being with the generation of "Gan 'ao" clan. Danzhai Miao people call themselves "noisy" [qa33n? 13] is a Miao language in eastern Guizhou. In Qiandong Miao vocabulary, ga [qa33] means Ben, Yuan, Root, Root and Noisy [n? 13] It means both a bird and a young woman. According to the grammatical translation of Miao language, the literal translation of "Gan Ao" should be the root of the bird, while the free translation comes from the clan of the bird totem tribe. "Gan 'ao" in Danzhai Miao vocabulary [qa33n? 13] in word "[n? The pronunciation of "13" is not only the same as "bird", but also the same as "snake" and "fish". Explain gawk [qa33n? 13] as a clan name, the word comes from the ancient matriarchal clan society, with birds, snakes and fish as totems and birds, snakes and fish as clan names. This is a major feature of matriarchal clan society. In the era of matriarchal society, due to low productivity, underdeveloped human intelligence and little understanding of the surrounding things, people often regard things closely related to their lives, such as their residence and diet, as having some kind of marriage relationship with them, even blood relationship and similar relationship, so they worship them and regard their image as the emblem of their clan, based on their names ... >>

Miao totem

The totem worship of Miao people includes dragon gods, maple trees, birds and Pan Hu. The Miao people generally worship dragons, which is very popular in Miao villages all over the country. Such as: "Zhaolong" in the Miao area of southeastern Guizhou; "Solitaire" in Xiangxi, Hunan; Yunnan Pingbian, Yanshan, Malipo and other "Dragon Boat Festival"; "Anlong" in Rongshui County, Guangxi, etc.

What is the totem of Miao nationality in Xiangxi?

Bear!

Miao people in China claim to have a relic called Hutong. For example, the Miao people in Xiangxi (eastern dialect) call themselves "bears, bears", which shows that the totems of Miao ancestors are bears and bear clans. According to the historical records of Han nationality, historical legends of Miao nationality and unearthed cultural relics, it is proved that in ancient times, Xiangxi Miao nationality was the main body, and Sanmiao, Pan Hu and other tribes were integrated to form the primitive nationality of Xiangxi Miao nationality. Because of its vast territory and large number of people, they claim to be different, including "bear-bear-bear", "rope-thorn", "Yong-Yong-Man" and "reading cats". The cat was later put in Chongshan and became a barbarian. After the attack of the King of Wu, the dog combined with the money in the barbarian to form the State of Chu. These four ancient tribes were called Miao people in history, or collectively called Nanman, Qianzhong Man, Wuling Man, Wuxi Man, Zhong Man Man, Zhonglou Man, Xixi Man, Qianyang Man and Chenzhou Man. All of the above refer to the Miao people living in western Hunan. Today, there are still totem relics in Xiangxi Miao costumes, such as bibcock wrinkling bracelets, bibcock earrings, phoenix silver hairpin, silver flower hairpin and so on. Women's clothes are embroidered with dragon and phoenix, butterfly, pulp and other patterns on the chest, cuffs and trouser legs, and even embroidered waist is also called waist bear. In addition, there are insect totems. The Miao people's "Feng Ge" says: The eggs laid by butterflies hatch Miao ancestors and other animals. This shows that the butterfly totem of Miao nationality is more advanced than other animal totems. The above shows that Miao is also a nation that uses animals and plants as totem names.

Totem and surname are closely and directly related. There is a saying in China that "hundreds of surnames" are actually more than ordinary people. According to the statistics of Yan Fuqing and others, there are 5,730 surnames in China. The surnames of Miao people in western Hunan are Gexiong, Gehen, Gezhen, Gecai, Gekai, Gezhen, Gezhen (twelve branches), Kaysa and Gezhen. The Han surnames given by feudal kings in past dynasties are Wu, Long, Liao, Shi, Ma, Tian, Yang, He, Bao, Tang, Bai, Wang, Liu, Li and Zhang *** 148. Hu Teng's name in the early years of the Republic of China is what modern people call "surname". Ancient scholars in China attached great importance to the relationship between surnames and totems. Shuowen said: "The surname was born in people." "White Tiger Biography Name" Tian: "Surname, life is also, people are born because of the weather." "On Heng Qian Shu Pian" said: "The ancients were born with surnames, and they were born with surnames. If Xia Dunzi Yi is born, his surname is Zi Shi. Shang swallowed Yanyu and was born, but his surname was. Zhou's resume is famous, and Ji's name is also established. What they think is "surname" is "stranger's thing". It is also what modern people call "totem". The evolution of Miao nationality in Xiangxi, Hunan Province is briefly described as follows:

A.Ghob Xot and Ghob Hlongb This family belongs to Wu and lives in Ping Ling, Likouzui, Sanchaping, Dilingpo, Alaying, Yabaozhai, Baomuying and Shaping in Fenghuang County.

B. Gob Mill. The subordinate Long family lives in Yanbanqiao, Paibuxiong, Jiulong Cave, Fenghuang County General Camp and Paida in Huayuan County.

Third, melon (Ghob Ghueas). This line belongs to Shi surname and Liao surname. Because the surnames Liao and Shi belonged to the same branch in ancient times, the Han surnames were different, and the Miao surnames belonged to the same clan, so there is no such thing as Liao and Shi being married today. Shi surname is mainly Zhierzhai and Paila in Huayuan County, Wengke and Dayan in Baojing County, and Paigang in Jishou City. Liao surname is mostly in Liaojiachong area of Fenghuang.

Ding, Keka (Ghob Khad). This department belongs to the surname at that time, also called miniature schnauzer. But for some reason, I changed my surname to Shi, so I wrote it as Shi today. So there is a saying that Shi surname and Shi surname are close relatives. In fact, their religious beliefs and the location of underground buildings are different, which has always been distinguishable among Miao people, and there is no doubt about it. Some people in other counties don't know Shi's surname, so they often misrepresent that they are married with the same surname, thinking that it is a joke and criticizing it. The surnames are Dabochong, Qujiazhuang, Daxing Village, Xiaoxing Village, Luan Yantan and Aizhai in Jishou City. Woka also gave birth to a surname of Ma. There are many acropolis in Fenghuang County, such as Bianguan, Lin Lizi, Teacher, Huayuan County and other places. Ma is also called He Liu.

E.Ghobiant。 This line belongs to the long surname, commonly known as Xiaolong. In modern times, somehow, there are people who write the names of dragons. There are boundaries of Huayuan, Baojing, Jishou, Fenghuang and Guzhang.

These are the five surnames of Miao people in Xiangxi.

I, now cangue (Ghob Kheat). This line belongs to Yang. Aling, Yang Zhai, Aiban, Yangmengzhai and Dongshang in Jishou ... >>

Why do Miao people take maple as totem?

Maple is a totem tree, a geomantic tree and a stockade tree in Miao villages, which has sacred significance. In the ancient songs of Miao nationality, it is said that the mother butterfly, the ancestor of Miao nationality, was born from the heart of maple tree. This is an interesting story: in ancient times, the earth was bare. A man of God named Bang Xiang planted a maple tree by the pond, and white cranes flying from the east built their nests on the maple tree. They stole the fry in the pond. Because the crane flew away, Li Lao decided that the maple was a "bird's nest" and cut it down. The rotten trunk of the fallen maple tree gave birth to Mother Butterfly, who "soaked" and "swam" twelve eggs, and the harrier helped hatch Jiang Yang, Lei, Long, Tiger, Buffalo and other Miao ancestors. Jiang Yang is the paternal ancestor of Miao nationality, and Mother Butterfly is the maternal ancestor of Miao nationality.

What god beast do Miao people worship?

Miao totem mainly includes buffalo, ox, wild boar, eagle, monkey, swallow, phoenix, fish, dog, bamboo and maple. Because the Miao nationality has also experienced numerous migrations and integrations, and its totems come from various sources, the totems of the Miao nationality can be divided into two types: exotic and primitive. Cattle, phoenix and other totems were brought by Dongyi people after they merged into Sanmiao, while bamboo totems were brought by Miao people and local ethnic groups after the Han Dynasty. Each totem of Miao nationality has its own totem myth, and it also presents a complicated situation.

Why do Miao people regard butterflies as totems?

I hope the information can help you to enter the beautiful southeast of Guizhou, in Danzhai, the hometown of farmers' paintings, in Kaili, the old capital of sour soup fish, and Leishan in Qianhu Miao Village, and you will find a wonderful phenomenon. Even a man of five big and three thick will tell you our butterfly mother in an unusually gentle tone when he mentions butterflies. Why is this? To understand this, we can't help but understand a beautiful legendary story among flower seedlings, long skirt seedlings, short skirt seedlings and water seedlings in southeastern Guizhou. In ancient times, when heaven and earth were formed, there were no living things on the ground and no white clouds in the sky. Gentle breeze turned into fog, thick fog turned into clouds, clouds gave birth to rain, and rain turned into maple trees. A maple leaf turned into a beautiful butterfly. Butterflies fly in the sky, facing the sunshine, sucking the rain and dew, and slowly grow up and mature. Mature butterflies lay 12 Yale eggs between branches. The butterfly that laid Yale eggs could not hatch, so it left gracefully. When the lucky bird saw the Yale egg, it hatched on its own initiative. Day after day, month after month, three years passed, but the lucky bird was so tired that its feathers were * * *, and the lucky bird lost confidence and left Yale Egg. The great god in the sky saw it and went down to the ground and said to the lucky bird, Go home! Go home! Yale eggs are auspicious eggs on the ground, and Yale eggs are life eggs on the ground. The great god made the lucky bird full of feathers again, so the lucky bird went back to hatch eggs. Day after day, month after month, after three years, the Yale egg didn't hatch, and the lucky bird was so tired that its feathers were * * *, and the lucky bird lost confidence and left the Yale egg. The great god in the sky saw it and said to the lucky bird, Go home! Go home! Yale eggs are auspicious eggs on the ground, and Yale eggs are life eggs on the ground. The great god made the lucky bird grow feathers again, and the lucky bird went back to hatch eggs. Day after day, month after month, three years have passed, and nine years have passed. Yale's eggs have finally hatched, goats have come out, tigers have come out, tripterygium wilfordii has come out ... The seventh person has come out, which is the ancestor of the Miao nationality. 12 things come out, 12 things are brothers, and brothers are growing. There is no room for 12 in Leigongping. Who will live in Leigongping? Which ones are leaving? Let's have an argument. The argument was fruitless, so it was proposed that whoever could call everyone out of the house would live in Leigongping. The tiger roared at everyone outside the house, and everyone was too timid to go out. Lei Gong called for strong wind, heavy rain and lightning. People are even more reluctant to go out of their homes in the storm ... Finally, it was people's turn to light a fire on the straw house. In the fire, the tiger escaped into the high Leigong Mountain, and his skin was burned one by one, and the scars were still there. In the fire, Lei Gong fled to the sky crazily, and all his hair was burned. 1 1 All the animals have escaped, and only people are left on Leigongping. Tigers and people have become enemies, and they want to hurt people. Lei Gong became enemies with others, so there were stories about floods and terrible floods, and Miao people began to talk about them here. Walking into the beautiful Qiandongnan Prefecture, the mysterious Qingshui River is rippling, eating delicious fish in sour soup and looking at countless butterfly patterns in Miao handicrafts, you will have a brand-new understanding of their meekness in the face of butterflies! (

The Origin of Miao Phoenix Totem

There are no records and statements about phoenix totem among Miao people. Phoenix is associated with Miao people because there is a Fenghuang county in Xiangxi, which is located in Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. It is also an ancient city, a residential area of local Miao people, and a national festival held in Phoenix.

The totem worship of Miao people includes dragon gods, maple trees, birds and Pan Hu. The Miao people generally worship dragons, which is very popular in Miao villages all over the country. Such as: "Zhaolong" in the Miao area of southeastern Guizhou; "Solitaire" in Xiangxi, Hunan; Yunnan Pingbian, Yanshan, Malipo and other "Dragon Boat Festival"; "Anlong" in Rongshui County, Guangxi, etc.

Like the whole Miao people, the Miao people's beliefs still belong to the original polytheistic religious category with animism as the mainstay, but they also have their own unique characteristics, showing an obvious tendency of totem worship. In Zhaitou, Baye, Liangshang, Gao Qiao, Gaomi and Censong of Jianhe in Sansui County, folk beliefs and customs constitute a relatively complete religious belief.

In Miao language, "Chiyou Temple" is called "ghed youl" (here ghed is the title of grandfather and ancestor in Miao language, youl is Chiyou), which means "Yougong". "Gayou" here does not mean "temple", but refers to Chiyou. At the same time, there are statues of Chiyou, Zugu and Horn in the temple, also known as Gayou. It can be seen that in the eyes of the masses, Gayou is a trumpet, and a trumpet is Gayou. Gayou is the ancestral drum, and Zu is Gayou. Gayou, Horn and Zugu are trinity and inseparable Gayou. As for the gods such as Land Bodhisattva and Master Guanyin, they were not among the "Gayou", but all of them were later "squeezed into" the polytheistic system. Folk beliefs in the form of gods reflect more profound essence than other folk matters, and their credibility is much higher than other folk matters because their variability is far less than other folk matters. Obviously, the trinity of ancestral drum, buffalo horn and statue of Chiyou is called "Chiyou", which can at least confirm the relationship between buffalo and Chiyou, that is, buffalo horn is the national emblem of Chiyou, and buffalo is the totem of Chiyou, which is the true face of history.

The existing totem activities of Miao nationality take dragons as the object. She regards the dragon as her ancestor, protector and symbol, as the national emblem and symbol of her race; I regard myself as a descendant of the dragon, blessed by the dragon, so I worship the dragon devoutly. I forbid killing, fasting and humiliating what is regarded as the incarnation of the dragon, and strictly protect the dragon, which is sacred and inviolable. The mystery, seriousness and universality of dragon worship psychology and its activities closely maintain the spiritual thought of the whole nation.

What national totem are horn and gourd respectively?

Yi totem: gourd

Miao totem: horn

Why do Miao people use snakes as totems?

Miao nationality is one of the oldest nationalities in the big family of Chinese nation, with a long history and splendid culture. Among many splendid Miao cultures, totem culture is an indispensable part of the whole Miao culture. Miao compatriots who have lived in Danzhai for generations have a long history of worshipping birds as totems. Nowadays, although we haven't seen the ancient and grand bird totem worship program of Miao nationality, we can see the heritage of Miao bird totem culture from the colorful traditional culture popular among Miao people. The author is interested in Miao culture, especially Miao totem culture, and has excavated and collected a lot of materials for a long time, and made a comprehensive study by using many disciplines such as history, ethnology, folklore, linguistics, sociology and human culturology. Now, I want to talk about the bird totem culture of the Miao nationality in Danzhai. Please give me your advice.

Totem, one of the original beliefs, is written as "totem" in English pinyin, which is a dialect of North American Indians and originally means "their relatives". Marx pointed out in Morgan's Abstract of Ancient Society that totem refers to the symbol or emblem of a clan; For example, the wolf's figure is the totem of the wolf family. " 1) Foley wrote in his first book "Totem", "It is the object of superstition and worship of a group of primitive people, who believe that they have a close and special relationship with any one of them. ..... The connection between individual and totem is the combination of natural interests; Totem protects people, and people express their reverence for it in various ways. If it is an animal, killing is forbidden. If it is a plant, it is forbidden to cut or collect. ..... Totem has never been an isolated individual, it is often a whole group of objects, usually referring to a certain animal or plant ... "(2) That is to say, totem is an object, and primitive people respect it in a superstitious way, but believe that they and all members of the same group have a close and special relationship with this object. In ancient times, people thought that some animal or natural thing related to this clan (tribe) was the symbol or symbol of this clan (tribe), symbolizing an ideology, an ancient belief and a spiritual strength of this clan (tribe). Therefore, totem is the symbol of primitive nation and the deified ancestor.

The deified ancestors, as the object of totem worship and the symbol of clan (tribe), once existed in all primitive nations in the world. Totem worship, as a cultural phenomenon, was widespread in the early development of China. Totem worship of Chinese nation can be summarized into three types: dragon totem, bird totem and flower totem. As a member of the big family of the Chinese nation, Miao nationality also has totem worship of dragons, snakes, birds, fish and butterflies in history. Today, the Miao compatriots who call themselves "Gan Ao" live in the land of Danzhai. In history, they take birds as totems and are descendants of the bird totem tribe. Today, the golden pheasant culture, bird clothing culture, batik culture, birdcage culture, brocade (cloth) culture, Lusheng culture and suspender culture scattered among Miao people are the historical inheritance of bird totem culture and cultural examples of bird totem worship in Miao history.

From the perspective of ethnolinguistics, the bird totem worship of Danzhai Miao nationality has a long history. According to Marxism, language is the product of human society, which develops with the development of society. National language is the form of national culture, which comes into being with the generation of nation, and Danzhai Miao language also comes into being with the generation of "Gan 'ao" clan. Danzhai Miao people call themselves "noisy" [qa33n? 13] is a Miao language in eastern Guizhou. In Qiandong Miao vocabulary, ga [qa33] means Ben, Yuan, Root, Root and Noisy [n? 13] It means both a bird and a young woman. According to the grammatical translation of Miao language, the literal translation of "Gan Ao" should be the root of the bird, while the free translation comes from the clan of the bird totem tribe. "Gan 'ao" in Danzhai Miao vocabulary [qa33n? 13] in word "[n? The pronunciation of "13" is not only the same as "bird", but also the same as "snake" and "fish". Explain gawk [qa33n? 13] as a clan name, the word comes from the ancient matriarchal clan society, with birds, snakes and fish as totems and birds, snakes and fish as clan names. This is a major feature of matriarchal clan society. In the era of matriarchal society, due to low productivity, underdeveloped human intelligence and little understanding of the surrounding things, people often regard things closely related to their lives, such as residence and diet, as their own ...