Topographic and climatic characteristics of Shantou

Shantou City is located in the southeast coast of Guangdong Province, and its coastline runs from northeast to southwest. Shantou belongs to the subtropical zone, between the equatorial low pressure zone and the subtropical high pressure zone, and at the southern edge of the northeast trade wind zone. Shantou is located at the southeast end of the Eurasian continent, on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean, near the South China Sea. It is often northerly in winter and southerly or southeasterly in summer, which has obvious monsoon climate characteristics.

The Tropic of Cancer passes through the northern part of Shantou City. The city belongs to the tropical maritime climate of South Asia. Mild and humid, sunny, abundant rain, long frost-free period, wet spring rain; In early summer, the temperature rises and changes, and there are often heavy rains. In midsummer, although it is hot and less hot, it is often hit by typhoons. Autumn is cool and dry, the weather is sunny, and the temperature drops obviously; There is no severe cold in winter, but it is cold for a short time.

The sunshine is 2000-2500 hours throughout the year, and the shortest sunshine is in March. The annual rainfall 1300- 1800 mm, mostly concentrated in April-September. The annual average temperature is 2 1℃-22℃, and the lowest temperature is above 0℃; The highest temperature is 36℃-40℃, which mostly occurs from mid-July to early August when it is controlled by the Pacific subtropical high. There are occasional short-term frosts in winter.

Shantou is dominated by delta alluvial plains, accounting for 63.62% of the city's area, followed by hills and mountains, accounting for 30.40% of the land area, and terraces account for 5.98% of the total area.

Shantou City is located in the coastal alluvial plain between Lianhua Mountain in eastern Guangdong and the South China Sea. The terrain in the territory inclines from northwest to southeast. From northwest to southeast, the whole terrain is in turn low mountains and Zhongshan-hills, terraces or terraces-alluvial plains or marine plains-sand ridges and sea cliffs at the front of the coast-islands.

There are Lotus Hill in the northeast, Pu Sang in the northwest and Da Nan Shan in the southwest. The southeast coast of the estuary is alluvial plain or marine plain and marine erosion landform, as well as the distribution of harbors and islands. The middle and lower reaches of Hanjiang, Rongjiang and Lianjiang pass through the city, and the outlet of Sanjiang becomes an alluvial plain, which is the largest plain in eastern Guangdong.

Shantou stands by the sea, prospers by the sea, and the urban area and all districts and counties under its jurisdiction are adjacent to the sea. Shantou has a winding coastline and many islands. The city's coastline and island coastline are 289. 1 km long, and the area included in Shantou's marine functional zone is about 6.5438+0 million square kilometers, which is five times the land area. There are 40 islands in the city, including 23 in South Australia, Chaoyang 1, Shantou 12, 2 in Chenghai and 2 in Niu Tianyang. The largest island is Nan 'ao Island, and the highest peak in the west of the island is 587 meters above sea level, which is the highest peak in Shantou. Nan 'ao Island is also the only island county in Guangdong Province, surrounded by Nanpeng Islands, Lemen Islands, Yufeng Island and Huyu Island.