What is the second unit of geography in grade seven?

Continent and ocean

Distribution of continents and oceans

Seven continents: Asia (the largest area), Europe, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica (the largest longitude span) and Oceania (the smallest area).

Four oceans: Pacific Ocean (the largest area), Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean and Arctic Ocean (the smallest area).

2. The dividing line between Asia and Europe: Ural Mountain, ural river, Caspian Sea, Caucasus Mountain, Black Sea and Turkish Strait.

The dividing line between Asia and Africa: Suez Canal.

The dividing line between North America and South America: Panama Canal.

Section 2 Changes in Land and Sea

1. The main causes of land and sea changes: crustal changes, sea level rise and fall, human activities (such as land reclamation).

2. Characteristics of plate movement: the crust inside the plate is relatively stable, and the crust at the plate junction is relatively active.

3. The names and distribution of the six major plates in the world.

4. The phenomenon can be explained from the viewpoint of plate movement.

Refer to the Geographic Filling Atlas 15, the fourth small question. For example, explain the reasons for the rise of Mount Everest and the frequent earthquakes in Japan.

Chapter III Weather and Climate

The first section changeable weather

1, the difference between weather and climate: the weather is changeable and unstable in the short term, while the climate is stable in the long term. In addition, the climate includes temperature and precipitation. (just know)

2. Satellite cloud pictures show green land, blue ocean and white clouds and rain. On the map, you can see that the ground is green, indicating that the local weather is very good (the satellite image is as shown on the right).

3. (Right) Wind direction judgment: an arrow with no tail feather at the end. The wind on the right is northwest wind.

Wind judgment: one tail feather = level 2. The wind on the right is level 4.

4. Common weather symbols (memory)

The distribution of gas and temperature in the second section; Section 3 Precipitation and Distribution of Precipitation

5、

Daily variation of temperature: maximum temperature (14 hours) and minimum temperature (about 4 hours).

Changes in temperature

(Textbook p5 1) Annual change of temperature: land in the northern hemisphere (highest in July, 1 lowest).

Southern Hemisphere Land (1 highest in June and lowest in July)

The distribution of temperature and precipitation is influenced by latitude, land and sea factors and terrain factors.

Distribution of temperature and precipitation.

Latitude factors: high temperature at low latitude, low temperature at high latitude, decreasing from equator to poles.

Land and sea factors: land temperature in summer and ocean temperature in winter are higher along the coast than inland.

Topographic factors The higher the altitude, the lower the temperature.

Every time the altitude rises 100 meters, the temperature drops by 0.60 degrees Celsius, with more precipitation on the windward slope and less precipitation on the leeward slope.

In addition, we should know that there is little precipitation on the west coast and inland of the mainland near the tropic of cancer.

In addition, the temperature should also master the two major problems of 1 and 2 in the geographical filling atlas P 17. Precipitation mainly depends on mastering P56 activity questions in textbooks.

Section 4 World Climate

6, the distribution of global climate types (mainly grasp the characteristics and distribution of the following climate types)

Tropical rain forest climate-high temperature and rainy all year round,

Tropical desert climate-high temperature and dry all year round, distributed in the west coast and inland near the Tropic of Cancer.

Mediterranean climate-high temperature and dryness in summer and low temperature and rainy in winter; Distributed on the west coast of temperate continent.

Subtropical monsoon climate-high temperature and rainy in summer, low temperature and little rain in winter; It is distributed on the east coast of temperate continent, and Yangzhou is this climate type.

Among the temperate climate types, the interior of the mainland is temperate continental climate, which is the most widely distributed in temperate regions.

Master the 1, ① (especially cartography), ③, ④ P2 1 of the second question in the geographical mapping set.