What is the normal temperature of a person? What is 35.5? I don't feel well now.

Regardless of the heat in winter and summer, for normal people, the body temperature can always be maintained within the normal range. So, what is body temperature? How is the body temperature formed? What is the significance of constant body temperature? How does the human body keep its body temperature relatively constant?

Measuring place

Normal range/℃

armpit

36.0~37.4

oral cavity

36.7~37.7

rectum

36.9~37.9

Firstly, the formation of body temperature is viewed from the perspective of heat generation and heat dissipation.

Human body temperature refers to the temperature inside the human body. As we all know, temperature is a sign of how much heat an object contains. Then, the formation of body temperature is because the brain, internal organs, muscles, skin and other organs all produce certain heat during the functional activities of the human body, and these heat are distributed through sweat evaporation, conduction, convection or radiation. It takes a certain time for the heat generated by the human body to be emitted, and the accumulation of these heat in the body forms the body temperature.

Second, look at people's normal body temperature from the measurement of body temperature and influencing factors.

The body temperature corresponding to the "normal range" in the table belongs to the normal body temperature, not a fixed value, which is influenced by the measured position and many influencing factors. The data in the table are the average values and ranges obtained by measuring the body temperatures of different parts of multiple individuals in different environments.

Body temperature can be measured through rectum, mouth or armpit, which varies slightly according to different parts. Generally speaking, the rectal temperature is closest to the real body temperature, followed by the oral cavity, and the axillary temperature is the biggest difference from the real body temperature (see table). Because rectal temperature measurement is inconvenient, axillary or oral measurement is often used.

Body temperature is influenced by day and night changes, environmental temperature, age, sex, mental state and physical activity. Generally speaking, the body temperature is the highest at 2~4 pm and the lowest at 2~4 am. When the ambient temperature is high, the body temperature is slightly higher, and vice versa; With the increase of age, the body temperature tends to decrease; The body temperature of women is slightly higher than that of men; The body temperature is slightly higher in the excited state; Body temperature rises moderately during physical activity.

Third, from the perspective of neuromodulation, we can see the regulation of body temperature

A constant body temperature is necessary for normal metabolism. Too high or too low will affect normal metabolism, leading to disorder of life activities and even death. The relative stability of body temperature is the result of the interaction between neuroregulation and hormone regulation.

From the perspective of neuromodulation, thermoregulation is the result of keeping the body's heat production and heat dissipation in dynamic balance under the action of thermoregulation center. Specifically, when the environmental temperature of the body changes, the recipient will be stimulated and excited, and this excitement will be transmitted to the hypothalamus, the center of body temperature regulation. Through the analysis and synthesis of the central nervous system, the related nerves are excited, and the corresponding changes of the body are caused, thereby regulating the heat generation and heat dissipation of the body and maintaining the relative stability of the body temperature.

When the environmental temperature of the body is low, under the stimulation of cold, the blood vessels of the skin contract, which reduces the blood flow and heat dissipation of the skin. At the same time, it causes the hairy muscles of the skin to contract and produce "goose bumps"; Skeletal muscles increase heat production through involuntary trembling. On the other hand, it will also cause corresponding behaviors through the brain, such as increasing clothes, roasting and other measures to reduce heat dissipation. In high temperature environment, skin blood vessels relax, skin blood flow increases, sweat gland secretion is enhanced, and heat generation is reduced to some extent by evaporation of sweat. Keep the balance of heat generation and heat dissipation. It is worth noting that when the body temperature returns to normal, both at low temperature and high temperature, the heat production and heat dissipation of the body will be balanced.