Climate and Hydrology in Tiangui Mountain

Tiangui Mountain Scenic Area belongs to the warm temperate semi-humid continental monsoon climate type, but because it is located in the mountainous area with high altitude and obvious mountain climate characteristics, it is cooler and wetter than Pingshan County and the eastern plain climate, and the vertical distribution of the climate from the bottom to the top is obvious.

According to the investigation and analysis, the average annual temperature in Tiangui Mountain is 8- 1 1℃, which is 2-3℃ lower than that in Pingshan County. The average monthly temperature in the hottest month (July) is about 20℃ on the mountain, which is 6-7℃ lower than Pingshan County and 7℃ lower than Shijiazhuang City. The cool climate in summer provides climatic conditions for summer. The monthly average temperature in Leng Yue (65438+ 10) is about -4℃, which is lower than that in Pingshan county. The east-west mountain blocks the cold current of the north wind, and the sunny slope blooms in early spring. The annual precipitation in Tiangui Mountain is 649-690 mm (633.2 mm observed in Beiye Township), which is about 1 10 mm more than that in Pingshan County. In a year, July and August have the most precipitation, accounting for 65-70% of the whole year. 1 and 18 have less precipitation in February and spring, but there are often cold waves and snow on the shady slopes. In some years, the snow will not melt until April. The snow melts, and you can see the ice hanging landscape on some ravines and cliffs. The annual precipitation in Tiangui Mountain varies greatly from year to year, with a relative variability of 29%. For example, in 1963, the annual precipitation reaches more than 9 10 mm, and the difference between the maximum and minimum annual precipitation is 670 mm, and floods often occur in rainy years. In summer, there is a lot of precipitation in Tiangui Mountain, and the warm air flow often goes up along the east-west valley, which leads to rain when the mountain rises. At the same time, it also forms a cloud landscape, especially when it is sunny after the rain. You can see clouds or fog in the dovetail ditch and Mianmian ditch.

The annual average wind speed in Tiangui Mountain is 2m/s, which is higher in spring (2.3m/s on average) and lowest in autumn (1.8m/s on average). The direction and slope of the valley limit the prevailing wind direction. Generally speaking, the east wind prevails in spring and summer, and the west wind and northwest wind dominate in autumn and winter. In midsummer, the night wind blows gently on the mountain, and the cool wind blows gently, which makes people relaxed and happy. Tiangui Mountain Scenic Area belongs to the dangerous overflow river basin, one of the tributaries of Hutuo River. The dangerous overflow river originated in Shizhaigou, Yuxian County, Shanxi Province, entered Pingshan County from the south of Qingfeng Village, passed through the eastern boundary of Tiangui Mountain Scenic Area, successively passed through the larger branch ditches such as Namiao Shuigou (evil stone), Jingziyu Mianmian Shuigou and Wei Yan Shuigou, and left the scenic area after passing through Qingfeng, Taya, Qiliping, Ye Nan, Beiye and Hefang Village. The total length of the river is 62.4 kilometers, with an average longitudinal slope 17.2 ‰.

Jingziyu-Mianshuigou is the largest tributary of the dangerous overflow river, which originates from the eastern slope of Heigoujian in the southwest of Jingziyu, passes through villages such as Jingziyu, Wang Zhuang, Huang An, Mianshuishui and Shiziping, and joins the dangerous overflow river at the tower cliff. The riverbed above cotton water usually dries up. When the continuous water reaches it, the clear water in the channel often flows because of the supply of spring water, and then penetrates into the underground downstream due to the leakage of the channel riverbed.

Swallowtail Gully originates from the eastern slope of Shajiutuo, and is named after its upstream is divided into two tributaries: Xigou and Beigou. Xigou and Beigou meet at Yanweizhuang, flow eastward between the main peak of Tiangui Mountain and Cuiping Mountain in Nanshan, and join the dangerous Manhe River in Xi 'an Village.

Yanweigou, Jingziyu-Mianmiangou and other dangerous overflow rivers and their tributaries have the general hydrological characteristics of rivers in limestone mountain area of Taihang Mountain, that is, the surface water is scarce, the rivers and ditches are usually dry and cut off, and they become flood discharge channels after heavy rain and become typical seasonal rivers. However, due to the strong undercutting erosion of rivers in mountainous areas, such as Yanweigou in the upper reaches of the dangerous overflow river and the southern section of Qingfeng Village, deep valleys have appeared. In some river sections, below the groundwater level, there are springs exposed at the bottom of the river bed, and streams appear in the river bed, such as Qingfengcun River Section, Ye Nan River Section, the river section below the water surface, Wei Yan Beigou River Section, Yanweigou Lishuwan River Section, etc. , there is a flow.