Basketball history of China

1September, 895 Basketball was introduced to Tianjin, China. This is closely related to the development of YMCA in Tianjin.

The earliest basketball performance

1895 In September, Dr. Lyou (Chinese name is Li Ang), an American, was sent by the North American YMCA to Tianjin, China to establish the Urban YMCA. In the same year, Tianjin Chinese YMCA was established in yiguang on February 8th, 65438. Basketball games were held before and after the meeting.

1896 65438+ 10/014 pm, the Chinese YMCA of Tianjin held a more formal basketball performance in the history of basketball in China. With regard to the textual research on the introduction of modern basketball into China, according to Dr. Wu Zhigang, who went to the United States in 1948, the YMCA of Tianjin published the following three notices in English in 1896, and the original notices were kept in the YMCA History Library at No.291Broadway in new york. Dr Wu Zhigang specially copied three English notices and sent them back to China. The contents of these three English notices are:

First announcement 1895 65438+ 101

There will be a basketball match this afternoon. Please all young people who are interested in sports come to the room at 4 o'clock on time to participate in the competition. There will be a basketball match this afternoon. All young people who love sports, please take an active part at 4 o'clock. )

Second announcement 1896 65438+ 10/8

If it is sunny, there will be a basketball match at four o'clock this afternoon. Come and join the game. If the weather is fine, there will be a basketball match at 4 this afternoon. Come and take part in this sport. )

Third Announcement 65438+April 4th 0896

A fanatical basketball game was held last Saturday afternoon. Another game will be held at four o'clock today. Come and learn the game. There was a lively basketball match last Saturday afternoon, and the other one will be held at 4 o'clock today. Come and learn this game. )

This is the earliest written record of basketball activities in China so far, indicating that the Chinese YMCA of Tianjin held the earliest basketball performance in the history of modern basketball in China in189565438+February.

In his article "Memories of Early Historical Facts of China YMCA", it was recorded that the initial movement of Tianjin YMCA was a weekly Bible study class debate. In addition, members are also very interested in basketball, so it may become a mass movement for some time. But before playing ball, their gestures are impressive. They have to braid their hair, trim their long nails and take off their inconvenient robes. In this way, they gave up the dignity of scholars and replaced them with a happy and lively mentality. However, this kind of exercise is only carried out behind the grass fence of the clubhouse, which is quite narrow and inconvenient.

As can be seen from this account, the primary stage of basketball's introduction into China has not yet formed a movement, and the natural technical movements are relatively simple, not to mention the tactical application in the game. However, it is the beginning of modern basketball in China.

Discussion on the exact time when modern basketball was introduced into China

There have been different opinions about the exact time when modern basketball was introduced into China, which is also an academic issue of great interest to domestic basketball circles and overseas counterparts.

First, it was 1894. American Bob Gale brought basketball to China. The same is true of World Basketball published by FIBA to commemorate the 50th anniversary of FIBA. In addition, there is no other written basis for this statement. In fact, by reading naismith's basketball memoirs, checking the alumni records of Princeton and Springfield College in the United States and the list of China people in recent years, 1894 shows no sign of Gary or others coming to China. Some came to Gary in China from 65438 to 0898. He is a football player and has worked in Beijing YMCA for many years. Mr Meng Guangli, the star of the "old hen" basketball team of Beijing YMCA, still remembers it vividly.

Secondly, it is said that 1896, American Cai Leer introduced basketball to China, and some sports history books also said so. This is not a historical fact. Cai Leer came to China on September 27th, 2002 1965438+. He works in Beijing and Tianjin YMCA. He is an ardent supporter of basketball. He is the coach of China team who participated in the first, second and third Far East Games in China, and has done a lot of meaningful work for the development of modern basketball in China.

There are other legends, such as "Late Qing Dynasty and Early Republic of China", "1901-1910 year" and so on. Mr. Tang Mingxin, a famous basketball player in Taiwan Province Province, once went to the United States to investigate this problem, but he did not get satisfactory results.

1895 65438+On February 8th, the basketball match performance established by China YMCA in Tianjin will never be sudden. As a sport, there must be a process of familiarity, brewing and mastering, that is to say, the exact time when basketball was introduced to China was when he came to China in September 1895 and brought modern basketball to Tianjin.

Basketball in Tianjin and North China

It is certain that Tianjin is the cradle of modern basketball in China and North China is the earliest area in China.

After the humiliating "treaty of shimonoseki" was signed between the Qing government and Japan, a large number of foreign invaders, foreigners and missionaries came to China, which was bound to bring their country's customs and culture. It was in this situation that basketball in Tianjin spread from YMCA to missionary schools and developed to North China.

In the early basketball activities in Tianjin, the venue was located behind the YMCA yard, with no certain size, unlimited number of people and simple rules. Football is for use, without guidance, of course, not to mention any skills.

It was after 19 10 the first sports meeting in old China that Tianjin basketball started in 19 165438. The stadium was changed from 1896 (as shown in Figure A) (as shown in Figure B) with only four boundaries, and the free throw line (0/5 feet from the end line/kloc-), middle circle and short jump ball were added.

The general middle school of Tianjin YMCA, Nankai Middle School, Provincial No.1 Middle School, Higher Industrial School and Xue Xin Academy all held basketball activities in19165438-1912. Prior to this, there was no city-wide basketball joint competition organization.

North China is the earliest area to develop modern basketball activities.

1908 Baoding Tongren School hung a bamboo basket on the trees at both ends of the open space to play this game.

Schools that started basketball activities earlier in North China include Tsinghua University, Huiwen Middle School, Normal University and Beijing Tongxian United College. Basketball activities in schools in other provinces and cities in North China also started from the North China Games held in Beijing in 19 14.

1910/0 held in Nanyang Quanyechang, Nanjing (after the Revolution of 1911, it was regarded as the first sports meeting in old China), which was initiated by the National Higher Industrial School of the Ministry of Posts and Communications and the YMCA of various places in the second year of Xuantong in the late Qing Dynasty, and was a sports meeting reflecting the characteristics of colonial sports in China.

At that time, the whole country was divided into five regions: East, West, South and North, but the actual participants were North China, Wuhan and Ning Wu (Suning), and Shanghai-Nanjing was mostly a school team. There was no basketball championship in this sports meeting, but a basketball performance was held after the meeting. The participating units are three teams from North China, Shanghai and Ning Wu. As a result, Shanghai defeated Ning Wu. The final between North China and Shanghai was held in the basketball room of Shanghai Youth Annual Meeting. As a result, the North China team won the championship. The North China Team consists of track and field athletes from Tianjin and Beijing who participated in this sports meeting. The domestic press once commented on the basketball performance of the first National Games: at that time, the technology was naive to the extreme, but the form was all stale and ugly. Most of the contestants, wearing robes and dolphin tails, are full of medieval colors. It's a pity that I didn't leave a small photo, otherwise I could show it to the antique shop for anyone to visit.

Mr. C. H. Robertson, an American, played a certain role in the development of basketball activities in North China. He actively advocated basketball during his work in Beijing and Tianjin YMCA from 1904 to 1908. When I was a director of the Chinese YMCA in Tianjin, I went to schools in Beijing and Tianjin to talk about "western sports" and promote modern basketball.

After 19 13, basketball in North China has seen a greater rise and development.